Anatomy Medical Terms Ii

Front 1

a-, an-

Back 1

without, lack, no

Front 2

Acardia

Back 2

congenital absence of the heart

Front 3

Apnea

Back 3

temporary cessation of breathing

Front 4

Anosmia

Back 4

a loss of the sense of smell

Front 5

Anoxemia

Back 5

insufficient oxygenation of the arterial blood

Front 6

Chrom/o, chromat/o

Back 6

color

Front 7

Chromosome

Back 7

thread-like structures in the nucleus that contain genes; forms a darkly-staining body during cell division

Front 8

Hypochromia

Back 8

condition in which the percentage of hemoglobin in the red blood cells is below the normal range

Front 9

Corpus, corpor/o, corpus-

Back 9

Body

Front 10

Extracorporeal

Back 10

outside of the body

Front 11

Corpus

Back 11

The principle part of any organ; any mass or body

Front 12

Corpuscle

Back 12

any small rounded body; an encapsulated sensory nerve ending

Front 13

Dys-

Back 13

Difficult, painful, bad

Front 14

Dysphagia

Back 14

a condition in which swallowing is painful

Front 15

Dysplasia

Back 15

A condition of abnormal tissue development

Front 16

Erythr/o

Back 16

Red

Front 17

Erythrocyte

Back 17

Red blood cell

Front 18

Gluc/o

Back 18

Glucose

Front 19

Glucogenic

Back 19

Giving rise to or producing glucose

Front 20

Glucometer

Back 20

a meter that measures the glucose level in the blood, usually by sticking the finger

Front 21

glyc/o

Back 21

Sweet, sugars in general

Front 22

glycolipid

Back 22

A lipid containing a sugar molecule found in the myelin sheath of nerves

Front 23

Glycolysis

Back 23

An energy-yielding reaction in which glycogen is converted into two pyruvate molecules in cells

Front 24

Hem/o, hemat/o

Back 24

blood

Front 25

Hematology

Back 25

The study of blood and blood-forming tissues, and the diseases associated with them

Front 26

Hydr/o

Back 26

water

Front 27

Hydrocephalus

Back 27

A condition in which there is excessive accumulation of CSF within the ventricles of the brain; sometimes the accumulated fluid leads to increased intracranial pressure

Front 28

Hyper-

Back 28

Above normal, beyond, excessive

Front 29

Hypertrophy

Back 29

The increase in size of an organ or tissue due to growth rather than tumor formation; an increase in cellular components, not the the number of cells

Front 30

Hypo-

Back 30

Below normal, under, deficient, beneath

Front 31

Hypotonic

Back 31

describes a solution having a lower osmotic pressure than another solution; state of muscle having less tension than normal

Front 32

Hypoxia

Back 32

An oxygen deficiency, short of anoxia; decrease below normal levels of O2 in inspired air

Front 33

Iso-

Back 33

Equal

Front 34

Isotonic

Back 34

describes a solution having the same osmotic pressure as another solution; type of muscular contraction in which shortening occurs while tension is unchanged

Front 35

Leuk/o, Leuc/o

Back 35

White

Front 36

Leukocyte

Back 36

A white blood cell

Front 37

Leukoderma

Back 37

An absence, either in partial or complete, of pigment in the skin

Front 38

Lip/o

Back 38

lipid or fat

Front 39

Hyperlipemia

Back 39

the presence of an abnormally high concentration of fats in the blood, also called hyperlipidemia

Front 40

Mono-

Back 40

One, alone, single

Front 41

Monocyte

Back 41

a type of white blood cell that is relatively large and contains a single oval-shaped nucleus; also called mononuclear leukocyte

Front 42

Monoclonal

Back 42

Arising from a single cell

Front 43

Oxy-, ox/i

Back 43

Sharp, acid, acute, or oxygen

Front 44

Anoxia

Back 44

Absence of oxygen from inspired gases, arterial blood, or tissues; often used incorrectly to indicate hypoxia

Front 45

Oxidation

Back 45

process of combining oxygen with a substance; loss of electrons in an atom, accompanied by increase in positive valence

Front 46

Phag/o, -phagy, -phagia, -phage

Back 46

Eating, devouring

Front 47

Phagocytosis

Back 47

the process of ingestion and digestion of solid substances (eg. bacteria) by cells

Front 48

Hyperphagia

Back 48

Overeating, in one sitting

Front 49

Plasm/o, Plasm-, -plasm

Back 49

The living substance of a cell; blood plasma

Front 50

Cytoplasm

Back 50

the substance of a cell, exclusive of the nucleus

Front 51

Plasmolysis

Back 51

shrinking of cytoplasm in a living cell caused by loss of water by osmosis

Front 52

Poly-

Back 52

Many

Front 53

Polychromatophilic

Back 53

pertaining to the property of staining readily with acid, neutral, or basic dyes, especially in certain red blood cells

Front 54

Polyphagia

Back 54

Overeating, in multiple sittings

Front 55

Reticul/o

Back 55

Network

Front 56

Reticulocyte

Back 56

an immature red blood cell with a network of precipitated basophilic material in the cytoplasm

Front 57

Reticulum

Back 57

a network of tubules or blood vessels

Front 58

som/a, somat/o, -some

Back 58

body

Front 59

Somatic

Back 59

Relating to the trunk, the wall of the body cavity, or to the body in general

Front 60

Lysosome

Back 60

membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle which contains hydrolytic enzymes

Front 61

Ton/o

Back 61

Tone, Tension

Front 62

Atony

Back 62

Relaxation, flaccidity, or lack of tone or tension

Front 63

-ase

Back 63

Denotes an enzyme

Front 64

Cholinesterase

Back 64

a family of enzymes capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of acetylcholines (ex. acetylcholinesterase)

Front 65

Lipase

Back 65

an enzyme capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of lipids

Front 66

-cle, -ule, -ole, -cule

Back 66

small in size, diminutive

Front 67

Corpuscle

Back 67

a small rounded body, esp. a blood cell

Front 68

Venule

Back 68

a tiny vein that drains blood from the capillaries

Front 69

Arteriole

Back 69

a tiny artery that takes blood to the capillaries

Front 70

-emia, -cemia

Back 70

Blood

Front 71

Anemia

Back 71

any condition in which the red cell count, hemoglobin level, and/or hematocrit are less than normal

Front 72

-lysis

Back 72

Process of breaking down, decomposing, or loosening

Front 73

Hemolysis

Back 73

destruction of red blood cells with liberation of hemoglobin into the surrounding medium

Front 74

-lyic

Back 74

pertaining to that which causes lysis or the process of lysis

Front 75

Hemolytic

Back 75

relating to that which is destructive to red blood cells

Front 76

Thrombolytic

Back 76

describing an agent that breaks up clots

Front 77

-plasia

Back 77

process of cellular multlipication, formation

Front 78

Hyperplasia

Back 78

the increased production and growth of normal cells (not tumor cells) in a tissue or organ, resulting in an abnormal increase in size of the tissue or organ

Front 79

-plasty

Back 79

Process of shaping, or the surgical formation of a structure or part

Front 80

Chrondroplasty

Back 80

reparative or plastic surgery of cartilage

Front 81

Rhinoplasty

Back 81

plastic surgery to change the shape or size of the nose

Front 82

-trophy

Back 82

Nourishment, development, growth

Front 83

Atrophy

Back 83

the wasting away of a normally developed tissue or organ due to degeneration of cells caused by undernourishment, lack of use, or aging