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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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slides 1-57 not done
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Serous membranes 3 types
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Pleura
Pericardium Peritonium |
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-internal pericardium loops around and continuously becomes the pericarium. -lines the abdominal cavity |
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Visceral layer
parietal Layer visceral means internal organ |
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INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
Layers |
external intercostal muscle
internal intercostal muscle |
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external intercostal muscle
how do the attach = 2 main points |
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extends from the rib tubercle posteriorly to the costochondral junction anteriorly where the muscle fibers are replaced by the external intercostal membrane
fibers directed inferiorly and anteriorly from the inferior border of the rib above to the superior border of the rib below |
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internal intercostal muscle
how are they laid out (keep simple) |
forms the middle layer runs deep to and at right angles to the external intercostal muscle
extends from the sternum anteriorly to the rib angle posteriorly where the muscle fibers are replaced by the internal intercostal membrane |
fibers directed inferiorly and posteriorly from the costal groove of the rib above to the upper border of the rib below
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innermost intercostal muscle
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similar to internal intercostal muscle (deep portion) separated by intercostal VAN
occupy the middle part of the intercostal space |
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Phrenic means (def)
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Diaghram
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subcostal muscle
define layout (keep simple) |
thin slips of muscle variable in size and shape
extends from the internal surface of the angle of one rib to the internal surface of the angle of the rib below it runs in same direction as internal intercostal muscle and lies internal to it |
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transversus thoracis muscle
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thin slips of muscles attached posteriorly to the xiphoid process, inferior part of body of sternum, and adjacent costal catilages
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muscles of inspiration:
muscles of expiration: strengthen the intercostal spaces |
muscles of inspiration: if 1st rib fixed by contraction of muscles in the root of neck (scalene muscles) intercostal muscles will raise 2nd to 12th ribs toward 1st rib
muscles of expiration: if 12th rib fixed by contraction of abdominal muscles (quadratus lumborum and external & internal oblique muscles) intercostal muscles will lower the 1st to 11th ribs toward 12th rib strengthen the intercostal spaces muscle tone prevents sucking in or blowing out of tissues with changes in intrathoracic pressure |
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Atmosphere pressure:
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760 mm Hg
expiration pressure difference = |
(-) 2 mm
758mm Hg |
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RESPIRATORY DIAPHRAGM locational description =
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dome-shaped structure
peripheral muscular portion centrally placed tendon of insertion right and left domes reach as high as the 5th rib right dome slightly higher due to large size of the right lobe of liver Parts: sternal part – from xiphoid process costal part – from lower 6 ribs and their costal cartilages |
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Elastic recoil is =
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responsible for breathing out
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RESPIRATORY DIAPHRAGM
vertebral part crura |
right crus
from sides of bodies of L.V. 1, 2, and 3 and their IV discs some fibers pass to the left and surround the junction of the esophagus and stomach (cardiac orifice) in a slinglike loop assist in preventing regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus b. left crus – from sides of bodies of L.V. 1 and 2 and their IV disc |
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median arcuate ligament
medial arcuate ligament lateral arcuate ligament |
-median arcuate ligament
connects the medial borders of the right and left crura arches over anterior surface of the aorta located at level of T.V.12 -medial arcuate ligament – thickened superior margin of the psoas fascia -lateral arcuate ligament – thickened superior margin of quadratus lumborum fascia |
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Central Tendon
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– where diaphragm inserts
describe = |
clover-leaf shaped to which the muscle fibers of the diaphragm insert
superior surface partially fused to inferior surface of the fibrous pericardium |
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aortic opening
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T.V.12 between the crura
Esophageal TV 10 Vena Cava TV 12 |
Strictly speaking, it is not an aperture in the diaphragm but an osseoaponeurotic opening
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RESPIRATORY DIAPHRAGM
FUNCTIONS |
MAIN muscle of respiration
(muscle of inspiration) muscle of abdominal straining weightlifting muscle thoracoabdominal pump |
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