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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the most common bacteria in cat bites? dog bites? human bites?
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• Cat Bites: Pasteurella Multocida, S. Aureus
• Dog Bites: Pasteurella Multocida, S. Aureus • Human Bites: Strep Virudens, S. Aureus |
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What 4 muscles make up the quadricep?
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• vastus lateralis
• vastus intermedius • vastus medialis • rectus femoris |
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What is Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome?
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• tenderness over lateral epicondyle at 30º flexion
• result of abrasion between iliotibial band and lateral femoral condyle |
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What makes up the hamstring?
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• biceps femoris
• semitendinosus muscle |
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What is the most common site for peripheral aneurysms?
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popliteal space
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Which ligament of the knee is most responsible for medial/lateral stability when the knee is fully extended?
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PCL
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What is Osgood-Schlatters Disease?
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• tibial tuberosity inflammation over the patella tendon in adolescents
• causes excessive pulling of the patellar tendon at the attachment on the top of the tibia • occurs mostly in adolescents where the blood supply to the growing bone cannot keep pace with the stresses placed on it |
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What is Patella Femoral Sydrome or Chondromalacia Patella?
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• degeneration of artilage under the surface of the patella
• aka "Runner's Knee" • pain with ascending or descending stairs, running downhill, or sitting knees bent for prolonged periods |
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What is Prepatellar Bursitis?
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• prepatellar bursa becomes inflammed
• brought on by unaccustomed kneeling on hard sufaces • aka "Housemaid's Knee" |
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What are 4 possible causes of a popliteal mass?
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• popliteal abscess
• tumor • Baker's Cyst • Popliteal aneurysm |
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What is a Baker's Cyst?
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• aka popliteal cyst
• most common mass in the popliteal fossa • results from fluid distension of the gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa |
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What is the most common cause of shin splints?
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• inflammation of the periostium of the tibia
• an overuse injury and can be caused by running on hard surfaces or running on tip toes |
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How does compartment syndrome present?
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• skin becomes erythematous, shiny, warm, tense, tender to palpation
• pain with passive plantar flexion of the foot • paresthesias or foot drop • severe pain |
None
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What is the most common compartment affected with compartment syndrome?
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anterior tibial compartment
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What is throbmophlebitis?
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• inflammation of a vein caused by or associated with the formation of a blood clot
• usually occurs in the superficial veins • patients with thrombophlebitis need to be evaluated for DVT |
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What is Virchow triad?
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3 categories of risk factors for DVT
• venous stasis • hypercoagulability • vessel intimal injury |
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What are some signs/symptoms of DVT?
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• edema, usually unilateral
• leg pain • Homan's sign (discomfort in the calf muscle on forced dorsiflexion) • warmth or erythema of the skin can present over the area of thrombosis |
None
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What test could you use to rule out a low probability DVT?
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D-dimer assay
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Name 2 angular limb deformities
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• Bowlegs (Genu Varum)
• Knock knees (Genu Valgum) |
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What is Pes Planus?
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flat feet
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What are some common etiologies for having a limp?
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• limb length inequalities
• infections: septic arthritis, osteomyelitis • non-infectious causes: transient synovitis, juvenille rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, child abuse, degenerative dislocation of the hip (DDH), Legg Calve Perthe's disease (LCPD), slipped capitulum femoral ephysis (SCFE) • Neoplasia: leukemia, primary bone tumor, metastatic disease |
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