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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cartilage
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Specialized CT for rigidity and enduring stress in weight bearing. Arises from embryonic mesenchyme. A component of the skeletal system of the body along with bone.
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Composition of cartilage
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Abundant matrix with fibers embedded in a gel-like ground substance. Avascular, therefore healing is slow.
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Type of cells-Fibroblasts
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Outer layer of cells that secretes collagen. Form dense CT capsule around developing cartilage=perichondrium.
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Chondroblasts
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Cartilage forming cells. Differentiated from chondrogenic cells(found inside perichondrium). Secrete ground substance of chondroitin sulphate around themselves. After they become trapped by their own secretions=chondrocytes. Deposit new matrix in intercellular space causing appositional growth.
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Chondrocytes
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Living cells capable of mitosis. Occupies space within ground substance called lacuna. Continue to divide but trapped in lacunae by own secreted matrix, thus forming cell nests called isogenous groups. This cell division is by interstitial growth.
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Ground Substance
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Intercellular substance, matrix. Interstitial substance of all cartilage but proportions vary depending on cell type. Typically appears amorphous. Composed of chondroitin sulphate and mucopolysaccharides.
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Fibers
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Form meshwork embedded in ground substance. amounts of proportions vary depending on cartilage type (Type 1, Type 2 or elastic)
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Appositional Growth
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Growth at the surface of the cartilage caused by the continued proliferation of chondrogenic cells into chondroblasts in the perichondrium. Cause layer-by-layer growth and deposition of new cartilage
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Interstitial Growth
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Growth from within (swelling like bread rising). In new cartilage chondroblasts continue mitosis, new chondroblasts are pushed away and continue to lay down their own matrix, therefore growth from within. In older cartilage, continued mitosis leads to cell nests because the matrix is less flexible preventing daughter cells from being pushed away.
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Hyaline Cartilage
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Glassy/blue-white appearance. Found on end of bones in synovial joints=articular cartilage. Found in nose, trachea, bronchi and embryonic skeleton. Type II collage fibers. Matrix is ground substance of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and keratin sulfate bound to proteoglycans.
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Elastic Cartilage
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Contains numerous elastic fibers. Found in ear lobes and larynx. Similar ground substance to hyaline. Does NOT calcify. Highly resilient.
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Cauliflower Ear
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Occurs when external portion of ear suffers a blow and a blood clot forms under perichondrium, causing seperation from perichondrium and cartilage. Perichondrium is cartilage's source of nutrients so it leads to cartilage death.
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Fibrocartilage
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Many collagenous fibers with few cells, found in areas subject to great pressure:intervertebral disks and pubic symphysis. Large bundles of type I collagen. Chondrocytes in rows. Similar ground substance to others. Most strong type of cartilage
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