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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 subdivisions of anatomy and what do they mean?
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1.)Surface-study of form and marking on the outside of the body. 2.)Gross(macroscopic)-structure which can be studied by the naked eye 3.)Applied-application of anatomy to diagnosis and treatment. 4.)Comparative-comparison of homologous structures of diff. organisms. 5.)Systemic-descriptive anatomy, structure of individual parts of the body.
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What are 5 more divisions of anatomy and their definitions?
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1.) Histology-Structure of tissues 2.)Cytology- Structure of cells 3.)Developmental-structure from conception to maturity 4.)Embryology-Structure of early development 5.)Pathological-Structure of abnormal, diseased or injured tissue.
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What are the levels of organization?
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Atom, Molecule, Macromolecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
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Anatomical Position
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Standing erect, head, eyes and toes directed anteriorly. Upper limbs at sides with palms directed anteriorly. Lower limbs together with feet directed anteriorly.
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What does superior, cephalic and cranial mean?
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above or closer to the head
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What does anterior or ventral mean?
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toward the front
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What does posterior or dorsal mean?
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toward the back
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What are the frontal, transverse and midsaggital planes?
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The frontal(or coronal) plane divides body into anterior and posterior parts. The transverse(or horizontal, cross-section) divides body or any part of it into superior and inferior parts. The midsaggital (median) vertical plane divides the body into two symmetrical halves.
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What does prone and supine mean?
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Prone-Lying with the face down. Supine-Lying on back with face up.
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Circumduction
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Rotation of limb around a joint
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Supination/Pronation
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The palm is up to hold a mug of soup in supination. When palm is inferior, it is pronation.
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Inversion/Eversion
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Movement of sole of foot toward of away from body midline
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Abduction/Adduction
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Movement of limb away from or towards the body midline
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What is the cell membrane?
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An envelope forming the outermost portion of the cell. Infoldings and outcroppings increase surface area.
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What are the components of the cell membrane?
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Mostly lipids and proteins and also carbohydrates. Lipids (phospholipids and cholesterol) make up 35% of weight of membrane.
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What are carbohydrates of cell membrane called?
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Glycocalyx. Made up of glycoprotein or glycolipid. Function in cell adhesion or receptor sites. (Cell Recognition).
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What is the structure of the cell membrane?
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Lipid Bilayer( 2 fatty acid chains + phosphate group bound to glycerol head).
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Fluid Mosaic Model
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Lipid soluble molecules pass easily through (O2 and CO2), impermeable to H2O soluble molecules (amino acids, sugars and proteins).
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