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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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def: calyx (calyces)
fx: calyx associated structures |
def: Rising from the renal pelvis-branching extensions of the pelvis form two or three major calyces, each which subdivides to form several miror calyces,cup shaped areas that enclose the papillae.
fx: Calyces collect urine, that drains from the papillae>renal pelvis>calyces>ureter>bladder to be stored. associated: Walls of calyces, pelvis, and ureter contain smooth muscle that contracts rhythmically to propel uring along its course by peristalsis |
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Why does the kidney have striations?
fx: striations |
Renal pyramids appear striped because the are formed almost entirely of parallel bundles of microscopic urine-collecting tubules and capillaries.(tubules reabsorption-movement of filtrate components from tubules into the blood)
tubules secrestion(movement of substances ie. drugs, urea, excess ions-from blood into filtrate) capillaries(smallest blood vessels-site of esxchange btwn the blood/tissue cells. |
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def: nephrons
location: components: |
blood processing units of kidney that carry out process that form urine.
located within the glomerulus/ glomerular capsule which combine to make up the renal corpuscle nephrons consist of a glomerulus and a renal tubule each nephron has a glomerulus and renal tubule |
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def: renal pelvis
fx: |
def: funnel shaped tube is continuous with the ureter leaving the hilum.
fx: muscle contracts/propels urine. transportation structure of urine into the ureter |
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def: thyroid
secretes: |
def: endocrine gland located in the anterior neck.
secretes: 2 Thyroid Hormones in the follicles- Colloid- sticky material in the follicle consisting of thyroglobulin molecules with attached iodineatomss(TH). T3: TRIIODOTHYRONINE(3 bound iodine atoms and T4(4 bound iodine atoms: THYROZINE fx:T3-T4 increases basal metabolic rate/ body heat production/maintains blood pressure/ tissue growth/ muscle/nerve-development Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Glycoprotein, thyrothoph |
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Pulmonary trunk:
Pulmonary arteries: Pulmonary arch: Aorta: |
Receives: de-ox blood from right ventricle-Delivers: de-ox blood to lungs from pulmonary trunk.
Pulmonary arteries: carries ox+ blood from heart to circulatory system Pulmonary arch:arises from the aorta with ox+ blood made up of aorta, brachiocephalic artery(divides into right subclavian artery and cartoid trunk) aorta: makes an arch and continues as the dorsal aorta(pig) |
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Subclavian arteries:
Left Right Carotid arteries: |
left: branches from the aorta
right: branches from the brachiocephalic artery(1st branch off of the aorta) divides into the carotid trunk. SUPPORT UPPER LIMBS Carotid trunk: divides into right and left common carotid arteries. left carotid artery: 2nd branch off of aorta SUPPORTS:left head, neck, thoracic cavity right head, neck |
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Villi in digestive system
def: anat: fx: location: |
def:finger like projections of the mucosa
anatomy:made of columnar cells contains: core of villi is a lacteal fx: increase intestinal surface area for digestion and absorption located: duodenum |
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Appendix
fx: secretes: location: |
fx: Provide protection, destroy bacteria(by preventing pathogens from entering the intestinal wall, increases immunity.
SECRETES: anti-bacterial mix containing lymphatic tissue(helps in immunological defense) and serotonin loc: end of the cecum of large intestines, lower left side, below ascending colon |
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Glands of the duodenum that secrete mucous:
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Brunner's Gland
secretes: produce alkaline (bi-carbonate-rich) mucus fx: helps neutralize the acidic chyme from the stomach |
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What hormones do the adrenal medulla secrete?
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Catecholimines-ephinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine
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What hormones do the adrenal cortex secrete?
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Corticosteroid hormones-
Mineralcorticodoid- Aldesterone: Increases water retention and blood volume helps regulate sodium/potassium levels Glucacorticodid- Cortisol:enhances metabolism Androgens- Testosterone: builds muscle mass, cell growth, secondary sex characteristics Androstenidone-Estrogen |
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What are the parts of the nerve cell?
What do they do |
Neurons:
def: highly specialized tissue that conducts impulses. locat: brain, spinal cord, and nerves fx: conduction of nerve impulses Dendrites fx: provide a large surface area for RECEIVING stimuli and conducting impulses to the nerve cell body These stick out Axon fx: conducts impulses away from the cell body to another neuron or to an organ. contains a myelin sheath |
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Adipose Tissue
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fx: insulation, fat storage, cushioning, protection
location: beneath the skin, around the kidney and heart, in the breast |
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Psuedostratified Ciliated Columnar
LOOKS LAYERED MANY CILIA AT THE FREE (TOP)END OF THE CELL Single Layered |
fx: Protection, secretion, movement of mucus and sex cells
location: lining of the reproductive system tubes, eustachian tubes, respiratory passages appearance: Looks layered(but its not) has many cilia on the free end of each cell |
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Simple Ciliated Columnar
COLUMN SHAPED WITH CILIA Single Layered |
location: lining of uterine, fallopian tubes, little bit of respiratory tract
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Simple columnar Epithelium
TALL CYLINDRICAL CELLS NUCLEUS NEAR THE BASE(BOTTOM) Single Layered Single Layered |
fx: protection, secretion, absorption
location: digestive tract, stomach mucosa, large intestines rich with goblet cells(mucus producing) gallbladder, lining of the uterus |
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Simple cubodial Epithelium
CUBE SHAPED WITH CENTRAL (MIDDLE) OF CELL Single Layered |
fx: SECRETION, excretion, absorption
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Stratified Squamos Epithelium
cubodial or columnar but gets FLAT toward the surface Multilayered OUTER (HARD) LAYER SKIN |
fx: Keratin(outer layer)makes the skin tough, protective, repel water
location: linings of outside cavities (mouth, throat, anal cavity, vagina) |
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Stratified Squamos Epithelium
Multilayered LINING OF OUTSIDE OPENINGS(CAVITIES) |
fx: Protection and pliability
no keratin, outer layers moist and alive location: linings of oral, nasal cavities, esophagus, vagina, anal canal |
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Stratified Cubodial Epithelium
CUBE SHAPED CELLS(usually 2 layers) GLANDS |
fx: strengthening luminal walls
location: ducts of larger sweat glands, salivary glands, pancreas |
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Transitional Epithelium
VERY LAYERED ROUNDED Multilayered URINARY TRACT |
fx:distention
no keratin location: lining of urinary bladder, ureters, urethra |
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Simple Squamos Epithelia
THIN, FLAT, MULTI SIDED CELLLS, NUCLEUS( MIDDLE) |
fx: filtration, diffusion, osmosis
location: walls of capillaries, lining of blood vessels, heart, air sacs(lung), internal cavity lining |
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Skeletal Muscle
Voluntary- STRATIFIED(LAYERED) MULTIPLE NUCLEI |
fx: produce force and cause motion
location: In muscles attached to the skeleton |
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Smooth Muscle
Involuntary- SPINDLE SHAPED NOT STRIATED 1 NUCLEUS |
fx: Slow, involuntary movements of internal organs,
moves substances in lumens of body location: walls of hollow organs(ie.. intestines, blood vessels |
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Cardiac Muscle
Involuntary BRANCHING STRIATED CELLS 1 NUCLEUS |
fx: involuntary rhythms of the heart, pumps blood throughout the body
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