Anatomy Lab - Electrocardiography/blood Pressure

Front 1

Systole

Back 1

Contraction of the heart chambers

Front 2

Diastole

Back 2

Relaxation of the heart chambers

Front 3

Bradycardia

Back 3

A resting heart rate below 60 bpm

Front 4

Tachycardia

Back 4

A resting heart rate above 100 bpm

Front 5

Palpitation

Back 5

Examination by touch

Front 6

Auscultation

Back 6

Examination by listening

Front 7

Cardiac cycle

Back 7

One complete round of systole and diastole.

Front 8

What piece of equipment is used for auscultation?

Back 8

Stethoscope

Front 9

What are some causes of bradycardia?

Back 9

Hypothyroidism, hypothermia, drugs

Front 10

What are some causes of tachycardia?

Back 10

Anxiety, heart disease

Front 11

Fill in the event of cardiac excitation/ electrical event that is represented by: P wave:

Back 11

Atrial depolarization

Front 12

Fill in the event of cardiac excitation/ electrical event that is represented by: QRS Complex

Back 12

Ventricular depolarization

Front 13

Fill in the event of cardiac excitation/ electrical event that is represented by: T wave

Back 13

Ventricular repolarization

Front 14

Fill in theevent of cardiac contraction/mechanical event that immediately follows each wave: P wave

Back 14

Atrial systole

Front 15

Fill in theevent of cardiac contraction/mechanical event that immediately follows each wave: QRS complex

Back 15

Ventricular Systole

Front 16

Fill in theevent of cardiac contraction/mechanical event that immediately follows each wave: T wave

Back 16

Ventricular Diastole

Front 17

What event of cardiac contraction follows atrial repolarization?

Back 17

Atrial diastole

Front 18

Why isn't atrial repolarization represented in the ECG tracing?

Back 18

It happens at the same time as ventricular depolarization so it is hidden.

Front 19

What is the normal value of a P-R interval?

Back 19

.16 – .18 seconds

Front 20

What is the normal value of a QRS interval?

Back 20

.06 -.10 seconds

Front 21

What is the normal value of a Q– T interval?

Back 21

. 31– .41 seconds

Front 22

What artery is located lateral to the orbit of eye?

Back 22

Temporal artery

Front 23

What artery is located at the mandible, on a line with the corner of the mouth?

Back 23

Facial artery

Front 24

What artery is located lateral to the larynx?

Back 24

Common carotid artery

Front 25

What artery is located along the medial side of the biceps brachii muscle?

Back 25

Brachial artery

Front 26

What artery is located at the lateral surface of the wrist?

Back 26

Radial artery

Front 27

What artery is located in the groin, inferior to the inguinal ligament?

Back 27

Femoral artery

Front 28

What artery is located at the posterior surface of the knee?

Back 28

Popliteal artery

Front 29

What artery is located posterior and proximal to the medial malleolus of the tibia?

Back 29

Posterior tibial artery

Front 30

What artery is located proximal to the instep of the foot?

Back 30

Dorsalis Pedis artery

Front 31

What pulse point has the greatest degree of tension or amplitude? The least?

Back 31

Carotid; Dorsalis Pedis

Front 32

The result of expansion and elastic recoil of an artery with each systole and diastole of the left ventricle

Back 32

Pulse

Front 33

What artery is the most commonly used pulse point?

Back 33

Radial artery

Front 34

What is the average beats per minute in the resting state?

Back 34

Between 70 and 90 bpm

Front 35

How do you count the radial pulse per minute?

Back 35

Use 30 second intervals (30 sec x 2 = 60 sec)

Front 36

There is a correlation between the _________, which is a reflection of ventricular contraction and closing of the semilunar valves, and the ________, which is palpitating some distance from the heart

Back 36

Apical Pulse, Radial Pulse

Front 37

The difference between the apical and radial pulse is referred to as ________ if the difference is large

Back 37

Pulse Deficit

Front 38

What occurs when the apical rate isn't normally fast, so that the pulsations in the peripheral vessels cannot keep up with it.

Back 38

Pulse deficit

Front 39

Most patients with the healthy heart will have a very small pulse deficit - T/F

Back 39

T

Front 40

What is the formula for finding pulse deficit?

Back 40

(Apical Pulse - Radial Pulse)

Front 41

Clinically, The term _______________ refers to the pressure and arteries that results when the left ventricle contracts (systole) and the pressure that remains when the left ventricle relaxes (Diastole).

Back 41

Systemic arterial blood pressure (BP)

Front 42

Where is blood pressure usually taken?

Back 42

The left brachial artery

Front 43

How is blood pressure measured (units)?

Back 43

Millimeters of mercury (mm HG).

Front 44

Which is written first, systolic or diastolic?

Back 44

Systolic

Front 45

What is the average BP of a young adult male?

Back 45

120/80

Front 46

For young adult females, the arterial pressures are approximately ______ less than males.

Back 46

8-10 mm Hg

Front 47

Indirect blood pressure determination uses what two ways? What tools are used for each?

Back 47

Sphygmomanometer- Blood pressure cuff
Auscultation– stethoscope

Front 48

What does it mean when the air pressure is greater than the pressure of blood in the brachial artery causing the walls of the brachial artery to compress tightly against each other?

Back 48

Occluded

Front 49

What are the sounds heard through the stethoscope called?

Back 49

Sounds of Korotkoff

Front 50

Why has the arterial pressure going to a body part alway always greater than the venous pressure leaving the the body part?

Back 50

It's being pumped out by the valves

Front 51

When using a stethoscope, or sphygmomanometer, be sure not to inflate the cuff above ____, and do not keep the cuff inflated for more than ______.

Back 51

160; one minute

Front 52

How does one calculate pulse pressure?

Back 52

Systolic – diastolic = Pulse Pressure mm Hg

Front 53

What is the average of pulse pressure?

Back 53

40 mm Hg

Front 54

MAP stands for what?

Back 54

Mean arterial pressure

Front 55

What is the formula for mean arterial pressure?

Back 55

MAP= diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure

Front 56

Where is the apical pulse taken?

Back 56

Apex of the heart

Front 57

What is the formula to find the total time of an interval when doing an EKG?

Back 57

Ending time – beginning time = total time

Front 58

How do you measure heart rate from an EKG if the R-R is 21 mm?

Back 58

R-R = 21
21(0.4) = 0.84
60 x 0.84 = 71.4 bpm oh

Front 59

An abnormally long P-R interval may reflect damage to the ________ or__________

Back 59

AV node or conducting pathway

Front 60

And abnormally long QRS interval may mean?

Back 60

Bundle branch block

Front 61

A prolonged Q-T interval can mean what three things?

Back 61

Conduction problems, coronary ischemia, or myocardial damage.

Front 62

And abnormally long _____ interval may reflect damage to the AV node or conducting pathway.

Back 62

P-R

Front 63

And abnormally long _______ interval may mean bundle branch block.

Back 63

QRS

Front 64

A prolonged ______ interval can't mean conduction problems, coronary ischemia, or myocardial damage.

Back 64

Q-T