Anatomy Lab 1 Final

Front 1

orbicularis oris

Back 1

purses and protrude the lips, closes the mouth

Front 2

orbicularis oculi

Back 2

closes the eyelids

Front 3

frontalis

Back 3

raises eyebrow, facial expression

Front 4

zygomaticus (both minor and major)

Back 4

raises corner of mouth (smile)

Front 5

mentalis

Back 5

wrinkles skin of chin and elevates and protrudes the lower lips

Front 6

occipitalis

Back 6

raises eyebrows, facial expressions

Front 7

sternohyoid

Back 7

depresses hyoid

Front 8

pectoralis major

Back 8

flexes and adducts arm

Front 9

pectoralis minor

Back 9

flexes, adducts, medially rotates arm

Front 10

serratus anterior

Back 10

pull scapula forward around the thorax

Front 11

gluteus minimus

Back 11

abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Front 12

flexor carpi radialis

Back 12

flexes and abducts wrist

Front 13

palmaris longus

Back 13

flexes wrist

Front 14

extensor carpi radialis longus

Back 14

extends and abducts the wrist

Front 15

flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 15

flexes and abducts wrist

Front 16

extensor digitorum

Back 16

extends digits 2-5 at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint

Front 17

rectus femoris

Back 17

extends knee, flexes hip

Front 18

biceps femoris

Back 18

knee flexion, hip extension

Front 19

extensor digitorum longus

Back 19

extends digits 2-5 and dorsiflexes the ankle

Front 20

fibularis longus

Back 20

dorsiflexes and weakly everts foot

Front 21

abduction

Back 21

motion that pulls structure away from the midline of the body

Front 22

adduction

Back 22

motion that pulls structure toward the midline of body

Front 23

antagonist muscle

Back 23

opposes a specific movement

Front 24

dorsiflexion

Back 24

toes are brought closer to the shin (extension)

Front 25

plantarflexion

Back 25

movement which decreases angle between sole of foot and back of leg

Front 26

insertion

Back 26

structure that muscle attaches to and tends to be moved by the contraction of the muscle

Front 27

pronation

Back 27

rotational movement where the hand and upper arm are turned inwards

Front 28

suppination

Back 28

forearm or palm rotated downwards

Front 29

astrocytes

Back 29

general supporting cells in CNS. transfer nutrients to neurons from blood. reinforce blood-brain barrier. maintain extracellular environment around neurons

Front 30

oligodendrocytes

Back 30

myelinate axons in CNS. each oligodendrocyte cab myelinate multiple axons

Front 31

microglia

Back 31

resident macrophages in CNS. they are normally very small but transform int very large phagocytic cells when tissues are injured

Front 32

ependymal cells

Back 32

ependymal cells are epithelial cells that line the ventricles. play a role in production and circulation of CSF

Front 33

neurolemmocytes (Schwann cells)

Back 33

PNS

myelinate axons in PNS. each neurolemmocyte can myelinate only a part of the axon.

Front 34

satellite cells

Back 34

PNS

sit right outside the cell bodies of somatic sensory neurons. provide general support for neurons and are analogous in function to astrocytes in CNS

Front 35

somatic nervous system

Back 35

voluntary division, input from five senses

Front 36

autonomic nervous system

Back 36

involuntary division, blood pressure, smooth muscle

Front 37

parasympathetic of ANS

Back 37

craniosacral
functions to control "rest and digest" functions

Front 38

sympathetic ANS

Back 38

thoracolumbar
activated in emergency situations and during the "flight or fight" response

Front 39

afferent neurons

Back 39

toward CNS

Front 40

efferent neurons

Back 40

away from CNS

Front 41

tunica externa
eye

Back 41

sclera
cornea

Front 42

tunica media

Back 42

choroid
iris
pupil
ciliary body

Front 43

tunica interna

Back 43

retina, macula lutea, fovea centralis, optic disc