Anatomy: Heart/lungs/other

Front 1

The apex of the heart (formed by left ventricle) is at what intercostal?

Back 1

5th, LEFT

Front 2

Four veins that contribute to right atrium?

Back 2

--SVC
--IVC
--Coronary Sinus (collection of all coronary veins other than anterior)
--Anterior Cardiac

Front 3

The Anterior Interventricular vein is accompanied by what vein?
The Posterior Interventricular vein is accompanied by what vein?

Back 3

--Anterior=GREAT CARDIAC VEIN
--Posterior=MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN

Front 4

What veins contribute to the Coronary Sinus?

Back 4

Great Cardiac vein
Middle Cardiac vein
Small Cardiac vein
(the anterior cardiac vein drains directly into the RA)

Front 5

The Pectinate muscles are located where?
Where/What is crista terminalis?

Back 5

--inner surface of the right atrium
--located also in R atrium, it is origin of pectinate muscles

Front 6

Where is the SA node located?

Back 6

--within the crista terminalis, the is Right Atrium; next to the opening of SVC

Front 7

Papillary muscles are located where? How are they attached? What is their function?

Back 7

--Cone-shaped muscles which attach to the atrioventricular valves via CHORDA TENDINAE
--function NOT to close valves, but rather to prevent INVERSION of cusps!!

Front 8

What are the three layers of the heart?
What are the three sublayers which make up the most superficial?
Which of the three superficial layers has sensory innervation?
What is the innervation?

Back 8

--Endocardium, Myocardium, Pericardium
--Visceral, Parietal, Fibrous
--Parietal via Phrenic (C3, C4, C5)

Front 9

Where is the best place to hear:
--Mitral valve
--Tricuspid valve
--Aortic valve
--Pulmonary valve

Back 9

--Bicuspid: apex; 5th, left intercostal
--Tricuspid: right, lower sternum
--Aortic: Right, 2nd intercostal
--Pulmonary: Left, 2nd intercostal

Front 10

Put transmission in order:
AV node, SA node, Purkinje, Bundle of His

Back 10

SA, AV, Bundle, Purkinje

Front 11

How many cusps make up the Aortic and Pulmonary semilunar valves?

Back 11

3 semilunar cusps each

Front 12

Of 4 valves associated with heart, which have papillary muscles and chordae tendinae?

Back 12

Only Bicuspid (Mitral) and Tricuspid
--the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary) do NOT have

Front 13

Triangle of Ausculation serves what purpose?
What are superior, inferior, and lateral boundaries?

Back 13

--Used to here BREATHING!
--Sup is trapezius, inferior is latissimus, lateral is median margin of scapula

Front 14

Where are the filiform papillae located? What is unique about composotion?

Back 14

--Anterior 2/3 or tongue
--increased KERATINIZATION

Front 15

What is innervation of:
Fungiform
Circumvalate
Foliate
Filiform

Back 15

--Fungiform: CN VII
--Circumvalate: CN IX (b/c back)
--Foliate: both VII and IX
--Filiform: none

Front 16

Four taste sensations? What area of tongue are the perceived?

Back 16

Sweet: tip
Sour: sides
Salty: tip and sides
Bitter: back

Front 17

Overlap of myosin and actin within sarcomere occurs at the:

Back 17

A band

Front 18

Unilateral damage of pharyngeal plexus would cause uvula to move to what side?

Back 18

opposite side

Front 19

Which two CN make up majority of pharyngeal plexus?

Back 19

IX and X

Front 20

Are all extrinsic muscles of tongue innervated by CN XII?
Are all intrinsic muscles of tongue innervated by CN XII?

Back 20

--No, all extrinsic EXCEPT palatoglossus m. which is PHARYNGEAL PLEXUS
--Yes, all intrinsic (horizontal, vertical, transverse) are

Front 21

Buccinator innervation?
Proprioreceptive innervation?

Back 21

--Facial (all muscles of facial expression)
--Buccal branch off V3!!

Front 22

What muscle is responsible for opening auditory tube on contraction during yawning or swallowing?
To what bone is it attached?
What is its innervation?

Back 22

--Tensor veli palatini
--Hamulus
--V3, via a branch off nerve to Medial Pterygoid

Front 23

Purpose of intercalated discs in cardiac muscle?
What are they made of?

Back 23

--allows low resistance, ie better electrical flow
--desmosomes

Front 24

Cardiac muscle (like skeletal) undergoes hyperplasia or hypertrophy when excess work load?

Back 24

HyperTROPHY; there is NOT an increase in the number of fibers, but rather an increase in size
--skeletal and cardiac muscle cells can NOT mitotically divide

Front 25

Which is least likely to have more than one nucleus? Skeletal, Cardiac or Smooth

Back 25

Smooth is always uninuclear
--Fusiform (star-shaped)
--no T-tubules
--no regular pattern of myofibrils therefore no striations