Anatomy: Gluteal Region And Posterior Thigh

Front 1

What are the three parts to the hip bone?

Back 1

Illium, Ischium and Pubis

Front 2

What is a bruise or contusion of the bone over the iliac crest or an avulsion of the muscles from the crest?

Back 2

Hip Pointer

Front 3

What is a passageway for structures entering or leaving the pelvis?

Back 3

Greater sciatic foramen

Front 4

What is a passageway for structures entering or leaving the perineum?

Back 4

Lesser Sciatic foramen

Front 5

What is the safest place for Intragluteal Injections?

Back 5

into the upper outer (superolateral) quadrant of the buttock or superior to a line extending from the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) to the superior border of the greater trochanter

Front 6

All nerves and vessels except which one exit the pelvis under the piriformis?

Back 6

superior gluteal neurovascular bundle (exits the pelivis ABOVE the piriformis muscle)

Front 7

What is the function of the piriformis?

Back 7

Lateral rotator

Front 8

What is the largest nerve in the body and what is it made up of?

Back 8

Sciatic nerve (L4, 5, S1, 2, 3)

Front 9

Where does the sacral plexus leave the pelvis?

Back 9

Through the greater sciatic foramen

Front 10

What muscle leaves the inside of the pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen?

Back 10

Obturator internus

Front 11

What makes up the sacral plexus?

Back 11

1/2 L4, L5, S1, S2, S3, S4

Front 12

What type of rami are the nerves to the gluteal region (branches of the sacral plexus)?

Back 12

Ventral Rami

Front 13

Does the sciatic nerve have any branches in the gluteal region?

Back 13

No

Front 14

What nerve supplies structures in the perineum?

Back 14

Pudendal nerve (S2, 3, 4)

Front 15

What makes up the pudendal nerve?

Back 15

S2, 3, 4

Front 16

What nerve is cutaneous to skin of lower buttock and skin of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Back 16

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Front 17

What makes up the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?

Back 17

S1, 2, 3

Front 18

What innervates the gluteus medius and minimus?

Back 18

Superior gluteal nerve

Front 19

What makes up the superior gluteal nerve?

Back 19

L4, 5, S1

Front 20

What nerve supplies the gluteus maximus?

Back 20

Inferior gluteal nerve

Front 21

What makes up the inferior gluteal nerve?

Back 21

L5, S1, S2

Front 22

What type of nerves are the ventral rami of 1/2 L4, L5, S1-S4?

Back 22

Somatic Nerves

Front 23

What is the wedge-shaped, fat filled area on either side of the rectum?

Back 23

The ischioanal fossa

Front 24

What allows for the distention of rectum during defecation?

Back 24

Ischioanal fossa

Front 25

What is the function of the glutius maximus?

Back 25

Extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and extends the leg at the knee joint

Front 26

What is a thick fascia over the gluteus medius?

Back 26

Gluteal aponeurosis

Front 27

What is the deep fascia of the thigh?

Back 27

Fascia Lata

Front 28

What is a thickening of the Fascia Lata?

Back 28

Iliotibial Tract

Front 29

What is it when pain is typically felt on the outside (lateral) aspect of the knee or lower thigh, and is often more intense when descending stairs, or getting up from a seated position?

Back 29

IT Band syndrome

Front 30

What type of bursitis would be a deep gluteal pain associated with repetitive action like climbing stairs or running on a steeply elevated treadmill or hills?

Back 30

Trochanteric bursitis

Front 31

What is also known as Weaver's Bottom?

Back 31

Ischial bursitis

Front 32

What may be due to cycling, rowing and other activities that require repetitive hip extension while seated may overwhelm the bursa’s ability to dissipate applied stress?

Back 32

Ischial Bursitis

Front 33

What is another area to give intramuscular injections?

Back 33

into the tensor fascia latae

Front 34

What assists the gluteus maximus in extending the knee joint?

Back 34

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Front 35

What innervates the tensor fasciae latae?

Back 35

Superior gluteal nerve

Front 36

What are the lateral rotators of the thigh at the hip joint?

Back 36

Piriformis, Obrurator internus, gemellus superior and gemullus inferior and quadratus femoris

Front 37

What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

Back 37

Gluteus minimus, medius and tensor fasciae latae

Front 38

What type of dislocation may injury the sciatic nerve?

Back 38

Posterior dislocation of the hip joint

Front 39

What is also known as Trendelenburg's sign?

Back 39

Gluteus gait or limp

Front 40

What is the cause of a gluteus gait or limp?

Back 40

Paralyzed gluteus medius and minimus due to injury of the superior gluteal nerve

Front 41

What are the functions of the gluteus medius and minimus?

Back 41

Abduct the thigh and stabilize the pelvis and medially rotate the thigh

Front 42

How would one anesthtetsize the perenium?

Back 42

Feel for the Ischial Spine to anesthetize the Perineum by blocking the Pudendal Nerve S2-4 dermatomes

Front 43

Where do the Pudendal Nerve and vessels enter the perineum?

Back 43

Lesser Sciatic Foramen to enter the Perineum (via the Pudendal Canal)

Front 44

What three compartments does the intermuscular septa divide the thigh into?

Back 44

anterior, medial and posterior

Front 45

What is the flexor compartment of the thigh?

Back 45

Posterior compartment

Front 46

What is the function of the hamstring?

Back 46

extension of thigh at hip and flexion of leg at knee

Front 47

What are the three parts of the hamstring?

Back 47

Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus and
Semimembranosus

Front 48

What nerve supplies the long head of the biceps femoris?

Back 48

Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve

Front 49

What nerve supplies the short head of the biceps femoris?

Back 49

Common fibular portion of the sciatic nerve

Front 50

What nerve supplies the Semitendinosus?

Back 50

tibial portion of sciatic nerve

Front 51

What nerve supplies the Semimembranosus?

Back 51

tibial portion of sciatic nerve

Front 52

What part of the hamstring is the only part that is NOT innervated by the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve?

Back 52

Short head of the biceps femoris which is innervated by the common fibular portion of the sciatic nerve

Front 53

What is a contusion and tearing of muscle fibers enough to result in a thigh hematoma (collection of blood); pain and stiffness?

Back 53

Charley Horse

Front 54

What do perforating arteries of the deep femoral artery pierce to gain access to posterior compartment?

Back 54

Adductor Magnus

Front 55

What is the diamond shaped space behind the knee?

Back 55

Popliteal fossa

Front 56

What is found in the popliteal fossa?

Back 56

Tibial and common fibular nerves and popliteal vessels