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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 parts of the Pelvic Girdle (osteology)
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Illium, Pubis, Ischium
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What are the 4 features of the Ilium? (osteology)
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ASIS, Illiac crest (L4), and PSIS (S2), Illiac tubercle (L5)
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What are the 3 features of the Pubis? (osteology)
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Pubic tubercle, pubic crest, pectineal line
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What are the boundaries of the abdominal wall?
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Xiphisternal junction, costal margin (superior boundries)
Pubic symphysis, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, ASIS, iliac crest, PSIS (inferior boundaries) |
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What are the 9 regions of the abdominal wall (surface anatomy)
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Bilateral (superior to inferior)- Hypochondriac, Lateral, Inguinal
Midline (superior to inferior)- Epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric |
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What are the 3 anterior abdominal wall reference planes?
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Midclavicular, Subcostal (inferior border of T10), Transtubercular (L5-iliac tubercles)
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What are the layers of the abdominal wall, from superficial to deep?
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skin, superficial fascia (campers), membranous layer of superficial fascia, deep fascia, (muscles), transversailis fascia, extraperitoneal fat, parietal peritoneim
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what are the nerves of the abdominal wall (descending)
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T7-T11 Thoracoabdominal nerves (these come from the back, split into anterior and lateral cutaneous branches)
T12- subcostal nerve (with a lateral and anterior branch as well) L1- lumbar nerves (Split up into a superior branch illiohypogastric nerve, and inferior branch, illioinguinal nerve) |
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What is the orientation of the external oblique muscles?
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These are the most superficial, have a "hands in pockets" appearance to them
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What is the orientation of the internal oblique?
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These ascend mediosuperior, originating from the illiac crest region. Located deep to the external oblique
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What is the orientation of the transversus abdominus?
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This is deep to the internal oblique, the fibers course horizontally
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What does the pyramidalis do? where is it located?
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This tenses the linea alba, and is located touching the pubic bone, at the inferior border of the rectus abdominis
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The arcuate line is located on the interior of the abdominal wall...how is the tissue above it, different than the tissue below it?
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Above the arcuate line, the Anterior layer only contains the extrnal oblique, and the anterior lamina of the internal oblique (these are the tendons that reach the linea alba)
Below the arcuate line- The anteior layer contains the aponeuroses of all 3 abdominal muscles (external, internal, transversus) |
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Where do the thoracoabdominal nerves run? between what layers?
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These run posterior to anterior, in a transverse plane.
The course between the Internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles |
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What dermatome is the Xiphoid in?
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T6
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What is the dermatome of the umbilicus?
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T10
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What is the dermatome of the pubis?
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L1
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What does the subcostal artery supply in the abdomen?
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This supplies the interal oblique muscle, and transversus abdominius muscles.
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Where does the inferior epigastric artery originate from?
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this comes from the external iliac artery
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Where does the superficial epigastric artery come from?
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this comes from the femoral artery
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The superior epigastric artery supplies the abdomen, what it is a branch of?
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it is a branch of the internal thoracic artery
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In regards to the caval system, where does the superior epigastric vein drain to?
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the SVC
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in regards to the caval system, where does the inferior epigastic vein drain to?
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IVC
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What does the Lateral thoracic vein drain to?
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the SVC
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What does the thoracoepigastric vein drain to?
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the IVC
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How does the portal (liver) venous system, and the caval venous system communicate?
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The paraumbilical veins (part of the portal system)- can communicate with the superficial veins around the umbilicus
(i.e super/inferior epigastric, lateral thoracic v's) |
