Anatomy: Forearm

Front 1

Which bone of the forearm is more subject to fracture due to trauma at the elbow?

Back 1

Ulna

Front 2

What bone of the forearm is more subject to fracture from falls on hands?

Back 2

Radius

Front 3

What involves fracture of the distal end of the radius with displacement of the distal radius posteriorly?

Back 3

Colle's Fracture

Front 4

What involves fracture of the distal end of the radius with displacement of the distal radius anteriorly?

Back 4

Smith's Fracture

Front 5

What type of fracture is usually caused by a fall on the dorsum of the hand with the wrist flexed?

Back 5

Smiths

Front 6

What membrane connects the radius and the ulna?

Back 6

interosseous membrane

Front 7

What does the Olecron process of the ulna articulate with?

Back 7

The trochlea of the humerus

Front 8

Which bone is separated from the carpal bones by an articular disc?

Back 8

Ulna

Front 9

What ligament holds the radius and ulna together?

Back 9

Annular ligament

Front 10

What type of joint is the interosseous membrane?

Back 10

syndesmosis

Front 11

Where does the radius articulate on the humerus?

Back 11

Capitulum

Front 12

What muscle attaches at the ulnar tuberosity?

Back 12

Brachialis

Front 13

What muscle attaches at the radial tuberosity?

Back 13

Biceps Brachii

Front 14

Where does the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm arise from?

Back 14

Medial cord of the BP

Front 15

Where does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm arise from?

Back 15

Lateral cord (extension of the musculotaneous nerve)

Front 16

What type of nerve is the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm?

Back 16

sensory

Front 17

What type of nerve is the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm?

Back 17

Sensory

Front 18

Where is ulnar nerve injury most likely to occur?

Back 18

the elbow region and at the proximal wrist

Front 19

What innervates the brachioradialis muscle?

Back 19

Radial nerve so it is an extensor!!

Front 20

What type of nerve is the superficial radial nerve?

Back 20

Sensory and continues deep to the brachioradiallis muscle

Front 21

What does the deep branch of the radial nerve do and what muscle does it pierce?

Back 21

the supinator muscle and supplies motor fibers to extensor muscles of the forearm

Front 22

What is a thickening of the deep fascia of the forearm and serves to hold the flexor muscles in the carpal tunnel?

Back 22

Transverse carpel ligament
(flexor retinaculum)

Front 23

What side of the forearm are the flexor muscles on?

Back 23

medial (medial epicondyle)

Front 24

What nerve is responsible for supplying MOST of the forearm flexors?

Back 24

Median

Front 25

What is the only flexor forearm muscle supplied by the ulnar nerve?

Back 25

flexor carpi ulnaris

Front 26

What are the 5 flexor muscles of the forearm?

Back 26

Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris

Front 27

What is the function of the pronator teres?

Back 27

Pronates forearm and flexes it

Front 28

What is the function of the flexor carpi radialis?

Back 28

Flexes hand and abducts it

Front 29

What is the function of the palmaris longus?

Back 29

flexes hand

Front 30

What is the function of the carpi ulnaris?

Back 30

Flexes hand and abducts it

Front 31

What is the function of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Back 31

Flexes middle phalange of medial four digits. Also flexes hand.

Front 32

What nerve lies deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Back 32

Median nerve

Front 33

What muscle of the anterior forearm is often absent in some individuals?

Back 33

Palmaris Longus

Front 34

What nerve passes between the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis and the palmaris longus?

Back 34

Median

Front 35

What nerve passes through the carpal tunnel with the tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Back 35

Median

Front 36

Only the 4 tendons of what superficial muscle pass through the carpal tunnel?

Back 36

flexor digitorum superficialis

Front 37

What vessel is usually used to measure the pulse rate?

Back 37

Radial artery

Front 38

What innervates the radial half of the Flexor digitorum profundus?

Back 38

Median nerve

Front 39

What innervates the ulnar half of the Flexor digitorum profundus?

Back 39

Ulnar nerve

Front 40

What muscles of the forearm are innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Back 40

Flexor carpi ulnaris and the ulnar half of the flexor digitorum profundus

Front 41

What is the function of the Flexor pollicis longus?

Back 41

Flexes distal phalange of thumb

Front 42

What is the function of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Back 42

Flexes distal phalange of medial 4 digits

Front 43

What is the function of the pronator quadratus?

Back 43

Pronates the forearm

Front 44

What innervates the flexor pollicis longus?

Back 44

Median nerve

Front 45

What innervates the pronator quadratus?

Back 45

Median nerve

Front 46

The tendons of what deep muscle of the forearm pass through the carpel tunnel to insert on the distal phalanx of digits 2-5?

Back 46

Flexor digitorum profundus

Front 47

What nerve innervates digits 2 and 3 via the digitorum profundus tendons?

Back 47

Median

Front 48

What nerve innervates digits 4 and 5 via the digitorum profundus tendons?

Back 48

Ulnar

Front 49

What muscle attaches the distal radius and ulna?

Back 49

Pronator quadratus

Front 50

What branch of the median nerve innervates the pollicis longus, RADIAL HALF of the flexor digitorum profundus and the pronator quadratus?

Back 50

Anterior interosseous nerve

Front 51

The tendons of what 2 deep anterior forearm muscles pass through the carpal tunnel?

Back 51

Pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus

Front 52

What is Volkmann's contracture?

Back 52

When necrotic muscle is replaced by fibrous scar tissue that causes the involved muscles to become permanently shortened, it produces this flexion deformity

Front 53

What nerve supplies the palm of the hand?

Back 53

Median

Front 54

What digits does the median nerve supply?

Back 54

1,2,3, half of 4

Front 55

What digits does the ulnar nerve supply?

Back 55

half of 4 and 5

Front 56

What nerve is located above the flexor digitorum profundus?

Back 56

median nerve

Front 57

Why is the meidan nerve involved in pronator syndrome?

Back 57

the median nerve passes between the two heads of origin of the pronator teres, and may become compressed by hypertrophy of the muscle, causing pain in the proximal forearm.

Front 58

What nerve goes through the carpal tunnel?

Back 58

Median

Front 59

What nerve goes over the carpal tunnel?

Back 59

Ulnar

Front 60

What artery lies lateral to the flexor carpi radialis?

Back 60

Radial

Front 61

What artery is located between the flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus?

Back 61

Ulnar

Front 62

What is the major branch of the ulnar artery in the forearm?

Back 62

Common interosseous

Front 63

What does the common interosseous artery branch into?

Back 63

Posterior interosseous artery and anterior interosseous artery

Front 64

What does the posterior interosseous artery supply?

Back 64

Extensor (posterior) compartment

Front 65

What type of bursitis results in pain when the forearm is pronated?

Back 65

Bicipitoradial bursitis

Front 66

What common type of elbow bursitis occurs due to falls on the elbow, elbow infections or repeated pressure and friction as in wrestling?

Back 66

Subcutaneous olecranon bursitis

Front 67

What much less common type of elbow bursitis results from excessive friction between the triceps tendone and olecranon?

Back 67

Subtendinous olecranon bursitis

Front 68

Traction on the ulnar collateral ligament results in what?

Back 68

Medial avulsion of the epicondyle

Front 69

Avulsion of the medial epicondyle would damage what nerve?

Back 69

Ulnar, stretching would occur because the ulnar nerve passes posterior to the medial epicondlye before entering the forearm

Front 70

In what direction do the radius and ulna dislocate during an elbow dislocation?

Back 70

posteriorly

Front 71

What nerve is of concern during an elbow dislocation and what clinical signs would it present with?

Back 71

Ulnar nerve, numbness of the pinky and weakness of flexion and adduction of the wrist

Front 72

What ligament is often torn during elbow dislocation?

Back 72

Ulnar collateral ligament

Front 73

What type of fracture would give a "dinner fork" appearance?

Back 73

Colle's fracture

Front 74

What is the reason the even with a complete lesion of the median nerve, some muscles may not be paralyzed?

Back 74

Communications between the median and ulnar nerves

Front 75

What is the hand of benediction?

Back 75

When a person attempts to make a fist and the 2nd and 3rd fingers remain exteneded --> damage to median nerve (ulnar nerve palsy)

Front 76

Why does someone develop clawhand after ulnar nerve injury?

Back 76

In the absence of opposition from the extensors, the metacarpophalangeal joints become hyperexteneded adn the 4th and 5th digits cannot be flexed