Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Muscles of the pectoral region? (4)
|
pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subclavius, serratus anterior
|
|
|
Pectoralis major origin?
|
manubrium, sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages
|
|
|
Pectoralis major insertion?
|
humerus- lateral lip of intertubercular groove
|
|
|
Innervation of pectoralis major?
|
medial and lateral pectoral nerve
|
|
|
Medial pectoral nerve comes from?
|
medial cord of brachial plexus
|
|
|
Medial pectoral nerve contains fibers from?
|
C8, T1
|
|
|
Lateral pectoral nerve comes from?
|
lateral cord of brachial plexus
|
|
|
Lateral pectoral nerve contains fibers from?
|
C5, C6, C7
|
|
|
What part of the pectoralis major is preserved in radical mastectomies?
|
clavicular head
|
|
|
Action of pectoralis major? (3)
|
arm adduction, arm flexion, arm medial rotation
|
|
|
Origin of pectoralis minor?
|
anterior 3rd-5th rib surfaces, fascia over intercostal spaces
|
|
|
Insertion of pectoralis minor?
|
coracoid process of shoulder
|
|
|
Action of pectoralis minor? (2)
|
depress shoulder tip, protract (extend) scapula
|
|
|
Pectoralis minor innervated by?
|
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
|
|
|
Subclavius originates where?
|
1st rib between rib and costal cartilage
|
|
|
Subclavius inserts where?
|
groove on inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
|
|
|
Action of subclavius?
|
pulls clavicle medially to stabilize sternoclavicular joint
|
|
|
Subclavius protects what?
|
brachial plexus and vessels from broken clavicle (most common)
|
|
|
Serratus anterior also known as?
|
boxer's muscle
|
|
|
Serratus anterior innervated by?
|
long thoracic nerve
|
|
|
Long thoracic nerve originates from?
|
anterior rami of C5, C6, C7
|
|
|
Lesion of long thoracic nerve results in?
|
winged scapula: can't elevate arm above horizontal plane
|
|
|
Long thoracic nerve may be damaged by?
|
radical mastectomy or other chest surgery
|
|
|
Action of serratus anterior? (2)
|
rotate scapula upward, pull scapula around ribcage (as in throwing punch)
|
|
|
Breast base boundaries?
|
rib II to rib VI, mid-axillary line to sternum
|
|
|
Nipple located at what level?
|
4th intercostal space
|
|
|
Mammary glands may extend?
|
from clavicle to epigastric fossa (near xiphoid process), from medial plane to latissimus dorsi
|
|
|
Smallest part of mammary gland is?
|
alveoli
|
|
|
alveoli make up?
|
lobules
|
|
|
lobules make up?
|
lobes
|
|
|
How many lobes are present?
|
15-20
|
|
|
lobes make up?
|
lactiferous duct
|
|
|
lactiferous ducts converge to form?
|
lactiferious sinus/nipple
|
|
|
Suspensory ligaments?
|
support breast
|
|
|
Breast dimpling caused by?
|
breast carcinoma pulling on ligaments
|
|
|
If breast cancer penetrates parenchyma, what must happen?
|
pectoralis major must be removed with breast
|
|
|
Blood supply to breast? (3)
|
2nd-4th perforating arteries from internal thoracic artery, lateral thoracic artery, thoracoacromial
|
|
|
Internal thoracic artery comes from?
|
1st part of subclavian artery
|
|
|
Lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial artery come from?
|
2nd part of axillary artery
|
|
|
How many branches from the axillary artery?
|
6 branches
|
|
|
Branch from 1st part of axillary artery?
|
superior thoracic artery
|
|
|
Branches from 3rd part of axillary artery?
|
subscapular, anterior circumflex, posterior circumflex
|
|
|
Superior thoracic artery supplies?
|
medial and anterior axillary walla
|
|
|
Subscapular artery divides into?
|
circumflex scapular artery and thoracodorsal artery
|
|
|
Circumflex scapular artery anastomoses with?
|
suprascapular artery and dorsal scapular artery around scapula
|
|
|
Thoracodorsal artery supplies?
|
posterior and medial walls of axilla
|
|
|
Everything drained by thoracic duct EXCEPT?
|
Right head and neck, right upper limb, right thorax
|
|
|
Right areas not drained by thoracic duct are drained by?
|
right lymphatic duct
|
|
|
Right lymphatic duct drains into?
|
subclavian vein
|
|
|
Breast cancer spreads from one breast to other via?
|
contralateral mammary gland
|
|
|
Breast cancer spreads to neck via?
|
medial/lateral collecting ducts -> pectoral node -> subclavian trunk
|
|
|
Breast cancer spreads to abdomen via?
|
rectus sheath, subperitoneal plexus
|
|
|
Axillary tail found in?
|
upper lateral quadrant, contains more mammary glands than other quadrants
|
|
|
Breast innervation?
|
anterior and lateral cutaneous nerves 4-6 (autonomic fibers)
|
|
|
Intercostal nerves start at?
|
T3
|
|
|
Muscles of the shoulder? (6)
|
deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, subscapularis
|
|
|
Muscles of rotator cuff? (SITS)
|
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
|
|
|
Deltoid originates where?
|
lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
|
|
|
Detloid inserts where?
|
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
|
|
|
Actions of deltoid? (5)
|
flex arm, medially rotate arm, abduct arm, extend arm, laterally rotate arm
|
|
|
Deltoid innervated by?
|
axillary nerve
|
|
|
Axillary nerve comes from?
|
posterior cord of brachial plexus
|
|
|
Axillary nerve contains fibers from where?
|
C5, C6
|
|
|
Supraspinatus origin?
|
supraspinatus fossa of scapula
|
|
|
Supraspinatus insertion?
|
superior facet on greater tubercle of humerus
|
|
|
What does supraspinatus do? (2)
|
helps deltoid adduct, acts with rotator cuff muscles
|
|
|
Supraspinatus innervated by?
|
spuprascapular nerve
|
