Anatomy Final - Integumentary System

Front 1

Outer Integument Layer

Back 1

Epidermis
- Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Front 2

Inner Integument Layer

Back 2

Dermis
- Connective tissue & muscle

Front 3

Hyperdermis

Back 3

NOT PART OF SKIN
connective tissue similar to skin

Front 4

Stratum Basale

Back 4

- one layer thick
- makes new epidermal cells
- Keratinocyte, Melanocyte, Tactile cells

Front 5

Melanocyte

Back 5

Keratinocytes that fagotitized - melanin

Front 6

Tactile Cell

Back 6

touch receptors, attach to sensory nerve endings

Front 7

Stratum Spinosum

Back 7

- Mostly keratinocytes
- Has Dendtritic cells = macrophage, signals immune response

Front 8

Stratum Granulosum

Back 8

- Flattened out cells
- Keratinocytes form into Keratinohyalin Granules

Front 9

Keratinohyalin Granules

Back 9

Make vesicles that release glycolipids for waterproofing and cutting off nutrients

Front 10

Stratum Lucidum

Back 10

Keratinocytes lose organelles
ONLY in thick skin (palms)

Front 11

Stratum Corneum

Back 11

Keratinocytes are DEAD, scaly

Front 12

Dermis

Back 12

Connective tissues, vessels, hair follicles, muscle tissue

Front 13

Reticular Layer of Dermis

Back 13

Dense, irregular (non-parallel) connective tissue

Front 14

Papillary Layer of Dermis

Back 14

Loose connective tissue
-For WBC defense and mobility

Front 15

Hypodermis

Back 15

Many vessels, loose connective tissue, fat storage/padding, energy reservoir, insulation

Front 16

Pigments

Back 16

Carotene, Melanin, Hemoglobin

Front 17

Melanin

Back 17

- Black to red & some yellow
- Determined by heredity
- UV stimulates it

Front 18

Carotene

Back 18

- Orange-yellow
- From egg yolk & yellow/orange vegetables
- Foot calluses

Front 19

Hemoglobin

Back 19

red, in dermal vessels
ex: lips

Front 20

Cyanosis

Back 20

BLUE
- Deficiency of oxygen in blood
- Poor circulation
- drowning, choking, cold weather

Front 21

Erythema

Back 21

RED
- Increased blood flow
- Measles, Lime's disease, sunburns, exercise

Front 22

Jaundice

Back 22

YELLOW
- High levels of bilirubin
- Liver malfunction, hepatitis, arrhosis, cancer

Front 23

bilirubin

Back 23

RBC breakdown fragment normally disposed by liver

Front 24

Pallor

Back 24

PALE
- Little blood flow, collagen showing
- Low BP, anemia, cold temp, stress

Front 25

Albinism

Back 25

White Hair/Skin, Pink Eyes
- Genetic lack of melanin
- Bade gene, tyorsine enxyme

Front 26

Hematoma

Back 26

Bruise
- collection of blood outside of vessels
- Caused by accident or hemophelia (no clotting factor)

Front 27

Skin Functions

Back 27

Barrier
Vitamin D - karinocytes use UV to make vitamins
Sensory - nerve endings
Thermoregulation
Social

Front 28

Skin as a Barrier

Back 28

- Physical injuries
- Infectious organisms: outer- dry, inner- macrophages
- Water gains and losses
- Sun protection

Front 29

Skin as a Thermoregulator

Back 29

- Thermoreceptors sense temperature changes
- To warm: constrict arteries
- To cool: dilate arteries, sweating

Front 30

Skin as a Social function

Back 30

Color, distribution of hair, mate choices, non-verbal communication

Front 31

Hair & Nails

Back 31

- Accessory organs
- Dead, karitonized cells

Front 32

Hair

Back 32

"PILUS"
- Fialment of karitonized cells that grow in follicles (tubes)
- 3 Zones: Bulb, Root, Shaft
- Dead tissues except near shaft (grows)

Front 33

Hair Matrix

Back 33

Where cell division occurs

Front 34

Dermal Papila

Back 34

Source of nutrition for hair

Front 35

Medulla

Back 35

Core, loose cells

Front 36

Cortex

Back 36

Densly packed cells, ring around medulla

Front 37

Cuticle

Back 37

Single layer of scaly cells surrounding

Front 38

Hair Functions

Back 38

1) Warmth
2) Sun Protection
3) Alert for parasites
4) Identification
5) Sexual Maturity (pubic hair, beard)
6) Stops particles from entering (eyelashes)
7) Facial expression (eyebrows)

Front 39

Nails

Back 39

- Derived from stratum corneum (dead tissue)

Front 40

Nail Functions

Back 40

- Dig, groom & pick food

Front 41

Nail Plate

Back 41

Visible portion of nail

Front 42

Acne

Back 42

- Inflammation of sebaceous glands
- Follicles blocked with dead cells and creates bacteria buildup

Front 43

Dermatitis

Back 43

Any inflammation of skin (itching and redness)

Front 44

Eczema

Back 44

Itchy, red, weeping skin lesions caused by allergy

Front 45

Psoriasis

Back 45

Recurring reddened plaques covered with silvery scale

Front 46

1st Degree Burn

Back 46

Epidermis only

Front 47

2nd Degree Burn

Back 47

Epidermis & part of dermis

Front 48

3rd Degree Burn

Back 48

Epidermis, dermis and sometimes deeper