Anatomy Final

Front 1

what bones compose the pelvic girdle?

Back 1

manubrium and the sternum. it connects free parts of the limb to the axial skeleton

Front 2

a spheroidal (ball & socket) joint that is the principal articulation of the shoulder?

Back 2

glenohumeral joint

Front 3

which glenohumeral ligament is a major anterior stabalizer especially with the arm abducted

Back 3

inferior G.H. ligament

Front 4

name the fibrocartilagenous thickening that surrounds the glenoid and deepens the glenoid cavity. it prevents abnormal motion, anchors the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex?

Back 4

the labrum

Front 5

this ligament prevents anterior instability when the shoulder is externally rotated and abducted 45 degrees?

Back 5

middle glenohumeral ligament

Front 6

this ligament works with the coracohumeral ligament to prevent inferior instability in the adducted arm

Back 6

Superior Glenohumeral Ligament

Front 7

a gliding joint with disc that anchors the shoulder girdle to the chest wall (sternum to clavicle)

Back 7

sternoclavicular joint

Front 8

a gliding joint with an incomplete disc that attaches the acromion and clavicle?

Back 8

the acromioclavicular joint

Front 9

the joint where the medial border of scapula articulates with posterior aspect of ribs 2-7?

Back 9

the scapulothoracic joint

Front 10

what is the ratio of glenohumeral to scapulothoracic motion during shoulder abduction?

Back 10

2:1

Front 11

you find "muscle wasting" on an exam, what is the significance?

Back 11

chronic rotator Cuff tear, nerve injury

Front 12

on exam you find "popeye" muscle, what is the significance?

Back 12

proximal rupture of the long head of biceps

Front 13

on exam you find "scapular winging" what is the significance?

Back 13

serratus anterior injury (long thoracic nerve)

Front 14

on exam you find a superior prominence aka a "piano key sign", what is the significance?

Back 14

acromioclavicular seperation/ clavical fracture

Front 15

you see an anterior prominence on exam of the shoulder, what is the significance?

Back 15

glenohumeral dislocation, sternoclacivular injury

Front 16

you find "systemic hyperlaxity" on exam of the glenohumeral area, what is the significance?

Back 16

multidirectional instability

Front 17

a test that uses passive forward flexion and is positive if P has pain in shoulder when it is moved >90 degrees

Back 17

impingement sign

Front 18

In tendinitis of the shoulder, the rotator cuff and/or biceps tendon become inflamed, usually as a result of being pinched by surrounding structures. The injury may vary from mild inflammation to involvement of most of the rotator cuff. When the rotator cuff tendon becomes inflamed and thickened, it may get trapped under the acromion. Squeezing of the rotator cuff is called?

Back 18

impingement syndrome

Front 19

if patient has pain in shoulder when performing this "dump out can" test (passive forward flex to 90 & internal rotation) what is indicated?

Back 19

Hawkins test indicates impingement syndrome

Front 20

anterior shoulder instability is indicated when this test of abducting the shoulder to 90 & external rotation?

Back 20

apprehension test

Front 21

when applying downward traction on patient's arm, inferior laxity is indicated, what test are you performing?

Back 21

sulcus sign

Front 22

if a patient is unable to place arm behind back and lift posteriorly, what problem is indicated?

Back 22

+ lift off sign= subscapularis tear

Front 23

what is the technique for the wrights test?

Back 23

extension, abduction, external rotation of arm, neck rotated away

Front 24

what does a positive wrights test indicate?

Back 24

if loss of pulse, reprod of symptoms = thoracic outlet syndrome

Front 25

a maneuver used for closed reduction of the anterior glenohumeral dislocation that Pt lies prone on table with weight on arm?

Back 25

Stimson Maneuver

Front 26

A type of closed reduction of glenohumeral disloc. that pt is supine, steady downward traction applied at elbow, combined with slow gradual external rotation and abduction of limb. not commonly used.

Back 26

mitch maneuver

Front 27

a type of closed reduction with pt supine, PA places sole of shoeless foot in axilla, and pulls pt wrist with steady longitudinal traction

Back 27

hippocratic maneuver

Front 28

a type of closed reduction for the glenohumeral dislocation that requires two people and a sheet?

Back 28

traction/countertraction

Front 29

stimson maneuver with medical manipulation of tip of scapula

Back 29

scapular manipulation

Front 30

name the lesion caused by an anterior capsular injury associated with a tear of the glenoid labrum off the anterior glenoid rim?

Back 30

bankhart lesion

Front 31

name a lesion caused by a compression fracture of the articular surface of the humeral head posterolaterally that is created by the sharp edge of the anterior glenoid as the humeral head dislocates over it

Back 31

hill-sachs lesion

Front 32

what is the most common bone fractured?

Back 32

the clavicle

Front 33

name the 3 types of clavicle fractures w/ location and percentage of occurance

Back 33

class A 80% middle third
class B 15% distal third
class C 5% proximal third

Front 34

what is the MOI for an acromioclavicular separation?

Back 34

fall onto point of shoulder. tenderness is felt at the junction or the site of the AC joint

Front 35

an inflammation of a round, flattened sac that is lined by synovium and separate bare areas of bone from overlapping muscles or skin and tendons is called?

Back 35

bursitis

Front 36

what are some symptoms of bursitis?

Back 36

inflammation, localized tenderness, warmth, edema, erythema of the skin (if superficial), loss of function

Front 37

Patient informes you that he worked out twice yesterday. He was bench pressing more weight than usual and states that he has pain when moving his arm now. upon exam you can elicit pain on forced external rotation at 90 degrees abduction and hear a "pop" and "click". what do you suspect and what will be your definitive treatment?

Back 37

a glenoid labrum injury. ct scan or MRI w/ contrast may allow early detection.

Front 38

the tendons of what 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff?

Back 38

supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres MINor
Subscapularis

Front 39

patient fell from tree and reports that she grabbed onto a branch while falling. She how has a "claw hand" or a paralysis of the inferior brachial plexus. what nerves are most likely injured?

Back 39

c8-T1 "klumpke paralysis"

Front 40

patient states that she carries a heavy backpack every day and now her hand is stuck in a "waiter's tip" position. what part of the brachial plexus was affected to cause this?

Back 40

the superior, C5-6. aka Erb-Duchenne palsy

Front 41

upon PE, you find your patient to have resisting supination of the R forearm. You write in the chart + Yergason test and assume what diagnosis?

Back 41

Bicipital Tendonitis. Tx: pt, activity modification, NSAID's

Front 42

what is the name of the classification system for proximal humerous fractures?

Back 42

Neer classification; non-displaced vs. displaced

Front 43

using the Neer classification what values determine a non-displaced fx?

Back 43

displacement < 1 cm or angulated < 45 degress, regardless of the fracture pattern or # of fragments

Front 44

using the Neer Classification what values determine a 2 part displaced fx?

Back 44

fracture either through: the anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tuberosity or lesser tuberosity

Front 45

according to the Neer classification what determines a 3 part fx; displaced?

Back 45

fx's of the surgical neck w/ fx's of either the greater tuberosity or lesser tuberosity

Front 46

according to the Neer classification, what determines a 4 part fx; displaced?

Back 46

fx's of the anatomical neck & fx's of the greater and lesser tuberosities

Front 47

upon PE, you find your patient to have resisting supination of the R forearm. You write in the chart + Yergason test and assume what diagnosis?

Back 47

Bicipital Tendonitis. Tx: pt, activity modification, NSAID's

Front 48

what is the name of the classification system for proximal humerous fractures?

Back 48

Neer classification; non-displaced vs. displaced

Front 49

using the Neer classification what values determine a non-displaced fx?

Back 49

displacement < 1 cm or angulated < 45 degress, regardless of the fracture pattern or # of fragments

Front 50

using the Neer Classification what values determine a 2 part displaced fx?

Back 50

fracture either through: the anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tuberosity or lesser tuberosity

Front 51

according to the Neer classification what determines a 3 part fx; displaced?

Back 51

fx's of the surgical neck w/ fx's of either the greater tuberosity or lesser tuberosity

Front 52

if the humerous is fractured at the surgical neck, what part of the brachial plexus is in danger of damage?

Back 52

C5-6, deltoid atrophy,

Front 53

if the humeral is fractured at the radial groove, what nerve can be damaged?

Back 53

radial nerve

Front 54

if the humerous is fractured at the distal end, what nerve is most likely to be damaged?

Back 54

the median nerve

Front 55

if the medial epicondyle of the humerous is fractured what nerve is most likely to be damaged?

Back 55

ulnar nerve

Front 56

MC MOI for the proximal humerous?

Back 56

foosh. S/S pain, swelling, tenderness.

Front 57

which area of the proximal humerous, if fractured, compromises vascularity?

Back 57

anatomical neck

Front 58

P presents with pain and swelling in upper arm. Deformity is seen. arm is shortened with gross motion & crepitus on gentle manipulation. where is the fracture most likely to been seen on AP lat c shoulder & elbow?

Back 58

midshaft humerus fractures

Front 59

a nursemaid's elbow is usually caused from a sudden jerking of child's hand while in pronation. what portion of the arm is injured?

Back 59

subluxation of the radial head from the annular ligament

Front 60

fx of the mid or proximal ulna with anterior dislocation of the radial head. MOI forceful pronation or direct blow to dorsum of ulna

Back 60

monteggia fx

Front 61

radial shaft fracture with associated dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint DRUG.

Back 61

Galeazzi fx/dislocation

Front 62

pain at lateral humeral epicondyle, reproduced by extending the wrist against resistance is commonly called?

Back 62

tennis elbow

Front 63

pain at medial humeral epicondyle is commonly called

Back 63

pitcher's or golfer's elbow

Front 64

a flexed PIP joint and a hyperextended DIP joint. usually develops over 10-21 days

Back 64

boutonniere deformity

Front 65

a disruption of the extensor tendon over the distal phalanx with flexion at the DIP joint and extention or hyperextention at the PIP joint

Back 65

mallet finger

Front 66

an infection of the digital synovial sheaths that is usually confined to affected finger and is based on 4 classic findings upon PE?

Back 66

flexor tenosynovitis

Front 67

what are the four classic findings of flexor tenosynovitis?

Back 67

1.tenderness over flexor tendon sheath
2. symmetric swelling of finger "sausage finger"
3. pain with passive extension
4. flexed posture of the involved digit at rest

Front 68

a painful condition caused by the narrowing of the sheath that surrounds the finger tendon. this inflammation is due to the overuse of the finger and tendons slide through a snug tunnel.

Back 68

trigger finger

Front 69

the disease is an entrapment tendonitis of the tendons contained within the first dorsal compartment at the wrist. CC is pain w thumb motion

Back 69

De Quervain's Tenosynovitis

Front 70

what test is the most classic finding in De Quervain's Tenosynovitis?

Back 70

a positive finkelstein test.

Front 71

a superficial infection of epithelium lateral to the nail plate?

Back 71

paronychia

Front 72

closed-space infections of the fingertip pulp, that usually lead to abscess formation, edema and rapid development of increased pressure in a closed space.

Back 72

FELON

Front 73

caused by herpes simplex virus, and is an intense, painful skin infection. Less firm than a felon, and has tiny fluid-filled blebs

Back 73

herpetic whitlow

Front 74

what tx are animal/human bites usually sensitive to?

Back 74

ampicillin and penicillin. (augmentin in practice)

Front 75

a syndrome that usually results from irritation of C8 and T1 innervated nerves; a cervical rib, etc that causes neurologic, venous or arterial symptoms

Back 75

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Front 76

the syndrome is characterized by pain, paresthesias and weakness in the median nerve distribution of the hand.

Back 76

Carpal TUnnel

Front 77

the effect of pressure on the "funny bone" causing pain, paresthesia's to the ulnar nerve distribution

Back 77

cubital tunnel syndrome

Front 78

with the hand supinated and the extensors aided by gravity, hand function may appear normal, but when the hand is pronated the wrist and hand will drop. what is the common name for this injury?

Back 78

saturday night palsy