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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 Overlapping Functions
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Sensory Input, Integration, Motor Output
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Central Nervous System
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Spinal Cord and Brain
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Peripheral Nervous System
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Sensory Division(Afferent): Somatic Sensory and Visceral Sensory
Motor Division (Efferent): Somatic Nervous System (Voluntary) and Automatic Nervous System (Involuntary): Sympathetic Division and Pathetic Division |
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Neuroglia
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Small cells that surround and wrap the more delicate neurons
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Neurons
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nerve cells that are excitable and transmit electrical signals
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Parts of a neuron
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Soma, neuron processes, nucleus, nucleolus, axon, schwann cell, myelin sheath gap, axon terminals, terminal branches, dendrites
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Soma
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Cell Body
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Neuron Processes
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extend from the cell body of all neurons
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axon
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generates nerve impulses and transmits them
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axon terminals
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knoblike distal end of a terminal branch
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Dendrites
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short, tapering, diffusely branching extensions, receive signals from other neurons.
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Unmyelinated
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conducts slower transmission of nerve impulses
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Myelinated
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protects and electrically insulates fibers and it increases the transmission speed of nerve impulses
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How are neurons classified
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Structure: multipolar- 3 or more processes, bipolar- two processes(axon and dendrite), unipolar- single, short process.
Function: Sensory- transmit impulses to CNS, Motor- carry impulses away from CNS, Interneurons- shuttle signals through the CNS pathways and perform integration. |
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Action Potential
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long distance signals of axons
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Graded Potentials
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Incoming signals operating over short distances
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Electrochemical gradient
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electrical and concentration gradients together
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Resting Membrane Potential
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potential difference in a resting neuron
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Changes in membrane potential
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chemically gated- opens when the appropriate chemical binds
voltage gated- |
