Anatomy- Extensor Forearm, Hand, And Fingers

Front 1

Where is the anatomical snuffbox located?

Back 1

between the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus and those of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus.

Front 2

What passes through the anatomical snuffbox?

Back 2

cephalic vein and superficial radial nerve cross superficially
radial artery crosses deeper

Front 3

What are the attachments of the supinator?

Back 3

1. from lateral ligaments of the elbow and adjacent to radial notch of ulna
2. to body of radius between anterior and posterior oblique lines.

Front 4

What innervates the supinator and where does it run?

Back 4

Posterior interosseous nerve (from radial nerve) which passes between its 2 origins.

Front 5

What is the function of the supinator?

Back 5

1. fixes forearm in supination, (when forearm is flexed, biceps is the stronger supinator)
2. weakly supinates forearm when forearm is extending.

Front 6

What is the path of the deep radial nerve?

Back 6

1. branches at anterior aspect of elbow joint, deep to brachioradialis
2. around the radius, through supinator.

Front 7

What does the deep radial branch innervate?

Back 7

1.brachioradialis
2. extensor carpi radialis longus
3. extensor carpi radialis brevis
4. supinator

Front 8

What is the common attachment for all extensor muscles of the forearm?

Back 8

Arise from an extensor tendon attached to the back of the lateral epicondyle, adjacent fascia and supracondylar ridge.

Front 9

What muscles belong to the lateral group of the muscles of the extensor forearm?

Back 9

1. brachioradialis
2. extensor carpi radialis longus
3. extensor carpi radialis brevis

Front 10

Where do the extensor carpi radialis muscles (longus and brevis) run?

Back 10

1. Cross the anatomical snuffbox and pass to the bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals.

Front 11

What are the attachments for the brachioradialis?

Back 11

1. superior part of lateral supracondylar ridge and intermuscular septum
2. to base of styloid process of radius

Front 12

What lies deep to the brachioradialis?

Back 12

radial artery and superficial radial nerve

Front 13

What innervates the brachioradialis?

Back 13

radial nerve (C5,6)

Front 14

What is the function of the brachioradialis?

Back 14

acts as a flexor (although innervated by an extensor nerve)

Front 15

What are the attachments for the extensor carpi radialis longus?

Back 15

1. inferior 1/3 of supracondylar ridge and lateral intermuscular septum
2. to base of 2nd metacarpal

Front 16

What innervates the extensor carpi radialis longus?

Back 16

radial nerve (C6,7)

Front 17

What is located at both ends of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

Back 17

bursae

Front 18

What are the attachments for the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

Back 18

1.from common tendon, and adjacent capsule and septa
2. to base of 3rd metacarpal

Front 19

What innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

Back 19

deep radial nerve (C6,7)

Front 20

What muscles make up the posterior group of the extensor muscles of the forearm?

Back 20

1.extensor digitorum communis
2.extensor digiti minimi
3. extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 21

What innervates the extensor digitorum communis?

Back 21

deep radial nerve (C7,8)

Front 22

What innervates the extensor carpi ulnaris?

Back 22

deep radial nerve (C6,7)

Front 23

Where does the extensor carpi ulnaris attach in the wrist?

Back 23

base of 5th metacarpal

Front 24

What are the attachments of the anconeus?

Back 24

1.posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle
2. lateral surface of olecranon and adjacent ulna

Front 25

What innervates the anconeus?

Back 25

radial nerve (C7,8)

Front 26

What is the funciton of the anconeus?

Back 26

Weak extensor of the elbow

Front 27

What innervates the "outcropping muscles" to the thumb?

Back 27

deep radial nerve (C6,7,8)

Front 28

What are the "outcropping muscles" to the thumb?

Back 28

1.abductor pollicis longus
2. extensor pollicis brevis
3. extensor pollicis longus

Front 29

What are the attachments of the abductor pollicis longus muscle and tendon?

Back 29

1. from radius and ulna
2. to base of metacarpal 1

Front 30

What are the attachments of the extensor polllicis brevis?

Back 30

1. from radius
2. to proximal phalanx 1

Front 31

What are the attachments for the extensor pollicis longus?

Back 31

1. from ulna
2. distal phalanx 1

Front 32

What are the attachments for the extensor indicis?

Back 32

1. arises from the ulna(just distal to extensor pollicis longus)
2. joins dorsal expansion of digit 2

Front 33

What innervates the extensor indicis?

Back 33

deep radial nerve (C7,8)

Front 34

What is the path of the posterior interosseous artery?

Back 34

1.passes over upper border of interosseous membrane
2. descends between superficial and deep muscles and supplies them
3. anastomoses at elbow and wrist

Front 35

What are the extensor tunnels from lateral to medial?

Back 35

1. abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
2. extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
3. extensor pollicis longus
4. extensor digitorum communis and extensor indicis
5. extensor digiti minimi
6. extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 36

What makes up the extensor expansions of the dorsal hand?

Back 36

1. 4 tendons of extensor digitorum (wrist tunnel to fingers)
2. extensor indicic and extensor digiti minimi tendons
3. oblique bands of intertendinous connections(unify 4 tendons proximal to knuckles, resulting in lesser independent action of fingers)

Front 37

The hood of the dorsal expansion is anchored on each side of the metacarpal head to what?

Back 37

palmar ligament

Front 38

On the proximal phalanx, dorsal expansion divides into what?

Back 38

1. median band (passing to base of middle phalanx)
2. 2 side bands (pass to base of distal phalanx)

Front 39

the extensor tendons pull mostly on what part of the dorsal expansion hoods?

Back 39

median band

Front 40

What pulls on the side bands of the dorsal expansion hoods?

Back 40

interosseous tendon and lumbrical tendon (distally on radial side)

Front 41

What is the function of the lumbricals and interossei?

Back 41

1. flex mcp joints
2. abduct and adduct at mcp joint (when joint is extended)
3. extend both proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

Front 42

What innervates the interossei muscles?

Back 42

deep ulnar nerve

Front 43

What are the attachments for the interossei (dorsal and palmar)?

Back 43

1. 4 dorsal: arise by double heads from facing sides of 5 metacarpals
2. 3 palmar: arise by single heads from metacarpals 2,4, and 5 (each adduct their mcp joint)
3. insert into base of proximal phalanges and into extensor expansions.

Front 44

Short of the nail beds, what innervates the cutaneous dorsum of the hand?

Back 44

1. ulnar nerve: medial 1.5 digits by dorsal cutaneous branch
2. radial nerve: lateral 3.5 digits

Front 45

Where is the dorsal venous arch located?

Back 45

1.subcutaneous

Front 46

What forms th dorsal venous arch and where does it drain?

Back 46

1. formed by companion veins
2. drains into cephalic and basilic veins.

Front 47

What tendons make up the extensor compartment 1?

Back 47

abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis

Front 48

What tendons make up the extensor compartment 2?

Back 48

extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis

Front 49

What tendons make up the extensor compartment 3?

Back 49

extensor pollicis longus

Front 50

What tendons make up the extensor compartment 4?

Back 50

extensor digitorum communis
extensor indicis

Front 51

What tendons make up the extensor compartment 5?

Back 51

extensor digiti minimi

Front 52

What tendons make up the extensor compartment 6?

Back 52

extensor carpi ulnaris