Anatomy Exam 5: Abdominal Ans

Front 1

The wall of the GI tract contains __________________ that form the enteric nervous system (ENS)

Back 1

intrinsic ganglia & nerve plexuses

Front 2

T/F
The ENS requires ANS influence to function

Back 2

FALSE

ENS is capable of independently maintaining function--> however, sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous systems do influence activity

Front 3

What are the 2 main intrinstic nerve plexuses that form the ENS?

Back 3

1. Meissner's/Submucous Plexus
(w/i submucosa)
2. Auerbach's/Myenteric Plexus
(w/i muscularis externa)

Front 4

What do nerve fibers (sympathetic & parasympathetic) travel along to reach organs?

Back 4

they travel along blood vessels to innervate the abdominal organ in which the vessels supply

Front 5

The sympathetic nervous innervation of abdominal organs consists of preganglionic nerve fibers that reach prevertebral ganglia through _________________

Back 5

abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves

Front 6

Sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers from nerve cell bodies within ______________ follow arteries to organs

Back 6

cell bodies within prevertebral ganglia

Front 7

Prevertebral ganglia, which are collections of postganglionic sympathetic neuron cell bodies are located where?

Back 7

along the abdominal aorta at the origins of the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, & renal arteries

Front 8

What ganglia is located at the following origins:
celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery
renal artery

Back 8

celiac trunk- celiac ganglia

superior mesenteric artery- superior mesenteric ganglion

inferior mesenteric artery- inferior mesenteric ganglion

renal artery- aorticorenal ganglia

Front 9

Abdominopelvice splanchnic nerves, that carry preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers to prevertebral ganglia, have cell bodies where?

Back 9

cell bodies w/i the intermediolateral cell column (IMLCC)

Front 10

What are the abdominaopelvic splanchnic nerves?

Back 10

-Thoracic splanchnic nerves, subdivided into;
Greater splanchnic (T5-9)
Lesser splanchnic (T10-11)
Least splanchnic (T12)
-Lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-2, sometimes L3)

Front 11

What do the Throacic & Lumbar (preganglionic) nerves generally supply?

Back 11

Thoracic- foregut (celiac trunk) & midgut (superior mesenteric artery)

Lumbar- hindgut (inferior mesenteric artery)

Front 12

What do the following supply?
celiac ganglia nerve fibers (w/ celiac trunk)-

Back 12

celiac ganglia nerve fibers (w/ celiac trunk)-
forgut= stomach, proximal duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen

Front 13

What do the following supply?
superior mesenteric ganglia fibers (w/ superior mesenteric artery)-

Back 13

superior mesenteric ganglia fibers (w/ superior mesenteric artery)-
midgut= distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending & transverse colong

Front 14

What do the following supply?
inferior mesenteric ganglia fibers (w/ inferior mesenteric artery)-

Back 14

inferior mesenteric ganglia fibers (w/ inferior mesenteric artery)-
hindgut= descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, & upper anal canal

Front 15

Sympathetic effects on GI

Back 15

-vasoconstriction in blood vessels of viscera
-reduced glandular secretion
-reduced peristalsis

Front 16

Parasympathetic effects on GI

Back 16

-increased glandular secretion
-increase peristalsis
-inhibit pyloric sphincter

Front 17

What are the 2 sources of preganglionic parasympathetic innervation?

Back 17

1. Vagus nerves (CN X)--> forgut & midgut

2. Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4)--> hingut

Front 18

Vagus nerve fibers enter the abdomen through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphram as what?

Back 18

anterior & posterior vagal trunks formed from the esophageal plexus

Front 19

What do the vagal trunks supply?

Back 19

preganglionic parasympathetic input to ganglion cells near or w/i the walls of visceral structures (forgut & midgut):
distal esophagus
stomach
liver & gallbladder
pancreas
duodenum, jejunum, & ileum
ascending & transverse colon

Front 20

Pelvic splanchnic nerves leave the sacral spinal cord through the anterior rami of S2-4, what do they supply?

Back 20

preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to hindgut derivatives:
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
upper anal canal

Front 21

T/F
Pelvic splanchnic nerves, like the rest of the splanchnic nerves carry only sympathetic fibers

Back 21

FALSE

Pelvic splanchnic nerves are the ONLY splanchnic nerves that carry parasympathetic nerves

Front 22

_________________ accompany sympathetic nerves and carry pain from abdominal viscera to spinal cord. What is this "pain" stimulated by?

Back 22

Visceral afferent fibers

stimulated by:
tissue injury
sudden distention
muscle spasms

Front 23

Where do the following refer pain?
foregut derivatives
midgut derivatives
hindgut derivatives

Back 23

foregut derivatives- epigastric region

midgut derivatives- umbilical region

hindgut derivatives- pubic (hypogastric) region

Front 24

Irritation of the phrenic nerve may cause referred pain to the (ipsilateral/contralateral) shoulder.

Why does this occur?

Back 24

ispilateral shoulder


the phrenic nerve (C3-5) & supraclavicular nerves (C3-4) which supplies the cutaneous innervation of the shoulder enter the same spinal cord segments