Anatomy Exam 4

Front 1

Muscles of mastication are (4)____

Back 1

Masseter muscle, Temporalis muscle, Lateral pterygoid, Medial pterygoid,

Front 2

Muscles of mastication are innervated by

Back 2

V3 (mandibular branch) of Trigeminal Nerve

Front 3

The superficial portion of the masseter muscle originates in _____ and inserts into _____

Back 3

O:maxilla
I:angle of mandible

Front 4

The deep portion of the masseter muscle originates in ____ and inserts into ______

Back 4

O:zygomatic arch
I:ramus of coronoid process of mandible

Front 5

The function of the masseter muscle is to ______

Back 5

Fxn: closes mandible

Front 6

The temporalis muscle originates in ____, and inserts into________and functions to _______

Back 6

O:temporal fossa
I:coronoid process and ramus of mandible
Fxn: closes jaw

Front 7

The lateral pterygoid muscle originates in _____, and inserts into _______, and functions to _______

Back 7

O:sphenoid bone
I: condyle of mandible
Fxn: protrusion of mandible

Front 8

The medial pterygoid muscle originates in(4) _____, and inserts into ______, and functions to _______.

Back 8

O:sphenoid bone, palantine bone, maxilla, pterygoid fossa
I:ramus and angle of mandible
Fxn: pulls mandible to opposite side

Front 9

Blood supply of the face is through the ______, which is a branch of the __________

Back 9

Facial artery
External Carotid artery (which came from comon corotid - right brachiocephalic, left aorta)

Front 10

The facial artery exits ______ Passes _____ ascends upward into _________

Back 10

submandibular gland
anterior to masseter muscle
medial corner of eye

Front 11

Branches of the facial artery (4)

Back 11

Submental (chin), inferior labial artery (inferior lip), superior labial artery (upper lip), lateral nasal artery (nose)

Front 12

Bifurcation of facial artery - terminal branches

Back 12

Superficial temporal artery,
Maxillary artery

Front 13

Superficial temporal artery originates in the _____ and courses ________ to serve the _________

Back 13

O:parotid region
Fxn: courses in front of external ear and serves scalp

Front 14

Superficial temporal artery branches into ______, & terminates with ____ & ____ branches

Back 14

Transverse facial artery
frontal & parietal

Front 15

Maxillary artery branches are

Back 15

Middle menigeal artery, muscular branches of mastication, inferior alveloar artery, buccal branches, superior (anterior, middle and posterior) alveolar arteries

Front 16

Middle menigeal artery passes through_____, and serves _______

Back 16

Foramen spinosum
Feeds meninges

Front 17

Inferior alveolar artery follows ______, enters _____ and serves ______

Back 17

Inferior alveolar nerve
Mandible (mandibular foramen)
Teeth & Mandble

Front 18

Buccal branches serve (3)

Back 18

Buccal area, buccal fat pad, and buccinator muscle

Front 19

Seperior Alveolar Arteries serve (2)

Back 19

Teeth & maxilla

Front 20

Branches of anterior side of external carotid are (3)

Back 20

Superior Thyroid
Lingual
Facial

Front 21

Brain blood supply is through(3)

Back 21

Circle of Willis
Vertebral Arteries
Internal Carotid Artery

Front 22

Vertebral arteries are branches of _____

Back 22

Subclavian arteries

Front 23

Vertebral arteries ascend in _____, go through _______, then _______ to get into scull

Back 23

Neck
Transverse foramen of cervical vertebra
Magnum foramen

Front 24

Vertebral arteries fuse to form

Back 24

Basilar artery

Front 25

Basilar artery is located ______ and bifurcates to form ________

Back 25

Pontine sulcus on ventral side of pons
2 Posterior cerebral arteries(superior & anterior)

Front 26

Branches of vertebral arteries are

Back 26

Pontine arteries
Posterior infereior cerebellar arteries

Front 27

Internal carotid arteries pass through ______

Back 27

carotid canal

Front 28

Internal carotid arteries bifurcate into ____ & _____

Back 28

middle & anterior cerebral arteries, Posterior communicating arteries

Front 29

Anterior communicating arteries branch off of ___ and connect _____

Back 29

Anterior cerebral arteries
Connect anterior cerebral arteries

Front 30

Posterior communicating arteries connect______ with _________

Back 30

Posterior cerebral with Internal Carotid

Front 31

Single bones of the scull are

Back 31

Frontal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid

Front 32

Paired bones of the scull are

Back 32

temporal, parietal

Front 33

The 5 layers of the SCALP are

Back 33

Skin, Connective Tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose Connective Tissue, Periosteum of Skull

Front 34

This layer contains majority of vessels

Back 34

2nd layer - Connective tissue

Front 35

Muscles are found in the

Back 35

3rd layer - Aponourosis

Front 36

The primary muscle of the scalp is the ________

Back 36

Occipital frontalis muscle

Front 37

Occipitalis lays____ it is ____, and innervated by _______, its fxn is to _____

Back 37

Superior to occipital bone, bilateral, temporal branch of facial nerve
Cushion skull

Front 38

The occipitalis is connected to frontalis by a tendon called

Back 38

Epicranial Aponeourosis

Front 39

Frontalis muscle is ____, covers______, and is innervated by _______, its fxn is to ________

Back 39

Bilateral, frontal bone, temporal branch of facial nerve, cushion skull

Front 40

Loose connective tissue contains ______, which connect to ________

Back 40

Emissary veins, superficial veins of the scalp

Front 41

What two systems communicate with emissary veins

Back 41

Diploic veins of the skull & Intracranial Venous sinuses

Front 42

Arterial blood supply of the skull is though _____&______

Back 42

External & Internal carotid arteries

Front 43

Branches of the External Carotid arteries are

Back 43

Occipital a, Posterior auricular a, Superficial temporal a

Front 44

Branches of Internal Carotid arteries are _______ which then branch into _____ & _____

Back 44

Ophthalmic a,
Supraorbital a, & Supratrochlear a

Front 45

Anterior 2/3 of scalp is innervated by ______, Posterior 1/3 of scalp is innervated by ________

Back 45

Trigeminal nerve
Cervical plexus

Front 46

Boundaries of the temporal region are

Back 46

Superior - superior temporal bone
Inferior - zygomatic arch
Temporalis muscle
Superficial temporal artery

Front 47

The infratemporal region is located ____, and is innervated by _____

Back 47

Between pharynx(medial) and mandible (lateral)
Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

Front 48

Mandibular division of Trigeminal Nerve contains 3 sections

Back 48

Trunk
Anterior Division
Posterior Division

Front 49

Trunk division of mandibular nerve contains ____ & nerve to ____

Back 49

Menigeal nerve (sensory)
Nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle (motor)

Front 50

Meningeal nerve innervates ____ for _____, and enters scull through ______

Back 50

Meninges
Sensation
Foramen Spinosum

Front 51

Branches of the anterior division of the mandibular nerve are

Back 51

Masseteric nerves (motor)
Temporal nerve (motor)
Buccal nerve (sensory)
Nerve to lateral pterygoid muscle (motor)

Front 52

Branches fo the posterior divisionof the mandibular nerve are

Back 52

Auriculotemporal (sensory)
Lingual (sensory)
Inferior Alveolar (sensory)

Front 53

Auriculotemporal nerve innervates

Back 53

Parotid gland, TMJ, skin of auricle, tympanic membrane, area around acoustic meatus
(sensory)

Front 54

Lingual nerve innervates____,enters at ____, and is superior to____

Back 54

anterior 2/3 of toungue for general sensation, level of 3rd lower mole, inferior alveolar nerve

Front 55

Inferior alveolar nerve innervates ______, and enters through _______

Back 55

teeth and mandible, mandibular foramen

Front 56

Chorda tympani nerve is located in _____, belongs to ____, and hooks into _____

Back 56

infratemporal region, C7, lingual nerve

Front 57

Chrda tympani innervates _____ through ____innervation

Back 57

anterior 2/3 of tongue for taste, submandibular, lingual, sublingual glands, Parasympathetic

Front 58

Optic ganglia is associated with ____, innervates ____ through ______innervation

Back 58

CNIX (glossopharyngeal)
parotid gland
parasympathetic

Front 59

Blood supply to infratemporal region is through

Back 59

Maxillary artery

Front 60

Veinous drainage of infratemporal region is through

Back 60

Retromandibular vein
formed by fusion of maxillary v & superficial temporal v

Front 61

Parotid region is located

Back 61

between the mastoid process of temporal bone and nexk and ramus of mandible

Front 62

The Parotid region contains

Back 62

Parotid gland, submandibular gland, lingual glands, Parotid duct, retromandibular v, external carotid, auriculotemporal nerve (sensory), great auricular nerve (sensory), glossopharyngeal nerve (parasympathetic)

Front 63

The largest accessory structure of digestive system is ____ and it is described as ____

Back 63

Parotid gland
Exocrine, lobated, yellow, covered by parietal sheath

Front 64

Parotid gland produces ____ which helps _____

Back 64

amylase
digest carbs

Front 65

Saliva fxns to

Back 65

keep oral cavity moist and lubricate food

Front 66

Parotid duct (stenson duct) is ___long, cosses anterior surface of ____, goes through___, enters at ____

Back 66

5cm
masseter muscle
buccinator
2nd molar

Front 67

Parotid region is innervated by ____, through ____ innervation

Back 67

C9 - glossopharyngeal nerve
Parasympathetic

Front 68

Facial nerve splits in

Back 68

Parotid gland

Front 69

Dura, Arachnmoid, Pia matters are ____ in nature, involved in distribution of ______, involved with _____ of brain

Back 69

Protective
Cerebral Spinal Fluid
Venous drainage

Front 70

Dura matter is ____, the outer layer is also called____ the inner leayer is also called _____

Back 70

Vascular
endosteal or periosteum
true dura, meningeal layer, cerebral layer

Front 71

The outer layer of dura doesn't extend through____, is not continuous with ____

Back 71

magnum foramen, dura of spinal cord

Front 72

The inner layer of dura mater is __,_,_ and does extend through ____, continues as ____

Back 72

dense, strong, fibrous
magnum foramen
dura of spinal cord

Front 73

The inner layer of dura mater forms _____ to protect_____ as they pass through ____

Back 73

tubular sheaths
cranial nerves
foramen of skull

Front 74

Septae formed by true dura are (4)

Back 74

Falx cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli
Falx cerebelli
Diphragmatic sellae

Front 75

Falx cerebri is a ____ of dura which lies _____ and separates ______

Back 75

crescent fold
in midline
2 cerebral hemispheres

Front 76

The falx cerebri is ___ shaped and attached to ____

Back 76

sickle
internal occipital crest

Front 77

Venous sinuses located in falx cerebri are (3)

Back 77

Superior sagital sinus (on attached margin)
Inferior Sagittal sinus (on free margin)
Straight Sinus

Front 78

Tentorium cerebelli covers ___ and _____, supports _____ of brain, and is attached to _____&____

Back 78

posterior craninal fossa & superior aspect of cerebellum
occipital lobes
falx cerebri and falx cerebelli

Front 79

Sinuses involved in tentorium cerebelli are (3)

Back 79

Straight Sinus
Superior Petrosal Sinus
Transverse Sinus

Front 80

Falx Cerebelli is a ____fold of dura, separates____, is associated with _____ and is attached to ______

Back 80

Crescent
cerebellar hemispheres
occipital sinus
internal occipital crest

Front 81

Dura is innervated by

Back 81

Branches of meningeal nerves (V3 of trigeminal nerve)

Front 82

Blood flow of meninges of brain is through

Back 82

Middle meningeal artery - branch of maxillary artery
Middle meningeal vein - tributary to pterygoid venous plexus

Front 83

Falx structures are in place to ___

Back 83

Prevent rotary displacement of brain

Front 84

Arachnoid layer is ___, ___, ___

Back 84

avascular, thin, delicate

Front 85

Subdural space is _____, it is clinically imporatant because it identifies

Back 85

potential space between dura and arachnoid
subdural hematomas

Front 86

Subarachnoid space is _____, it contains____

Back 86

true space between pia and arachnoid mater
Cerebral spinal fluid

Front 87

Cisterns are ______, _____flows between them

Back 87

places where subarachnoid space becomes large
cerebral spinal fluid

Front 88

3 Cisterns are ___, ___, ___

Back 88

Cisterna magna
cisternal pontis
cisterna interpenduncularis

Front 89

Cisterna magna is located between ___ & its 3 sides are ____,____, ____ these facilitate _____

Back 89

inferior surface of cerebellum and roof of 4th ventricle
2 foramina luschka, 1 foramina magendie,
escape of csf from 4th ventricle to subarachnoid space

Front 90

Arachnoid villi are ____, groups of these villi are____, they are most numerous with ____

Back 90

projections of subarachnoid space into venous sinuses
arachnoid granulations
superior sagittal sinus

Front 91

All major superficial cerebral vessels are located in ___

Back 91

subarachnoid space

Front 92

CSF is produced by____, then leaves through _____ to ____

Back 92

Chorooid plexus in located in the roof of each ventricle
4th ventricle
subarachnoid space

Front 93

Pia mater is the ___ layer, it is ___, it follows ___ and ___, it is ___ adhered to the brain

Back 93

innermost
vascular
gyri and sulci
intimately

Front 94

Venous drainage of brain is through ____ and ____

Back 94

Veins and sinuses

Front 95

Veins have tributaries from ____, Sinuses have tributaries from (4)___

Back 95

brain
veins of brain, diploes of the skull(bone marrow), orbit of eye, inner ear

Front 96

2 sets of veins from brain

Back 96

Superficial
Deep

Front 97

Superficial veins are located ___of brain, located in ____, follow___, tributaries of ____

Back 97

on top
subarachnoid space
sulci
sinuses

Front 98

Deep veins are located ____, smaller veins course towards _____, the larger ones unite and form ____ which is a tributray of ____

Back 98

within brain tissue
lateral ventricles
Great Cerebral Vein
Straight Sinus

Front 99

The Great Cerebral Vein fuses with ______ and is the only way for blood to leave brain

Back 99

Inferior sagital sinus

Front 100

Sinuses are

Back 100

intradural spaces where layers didn't stay together

Front 101

There are 2 lateral ventricles in ____, 3rd ventricle is also in rt & lt _____, 4th ventricle is located in _____

Back 101

Cerebral hemispheres
Cerebral hemispheres
Brain stem

Front 102

The 3rd ventricle is connected to the 4th ventricle through ____

Back 102

Cerebral Aquaduct