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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many bones does the skull have and how many are considered to be within the cranial vault? |
22 total in the skull and 8 in the cranial vault |
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What are surutral joints made out of, what tissue? And what are they remnants of? |
Dense fibrous connective tissue, remnants of intramembranous ossification |
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What is the anterior fontanel? |
The soft spot on the top of the head, it closes up last |
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Where is the anterolateral fontanel? |
Where the coronal suture makes its turn and becomes the squamous suture |
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Where is the posterior fontanel? |
It extends into the lamboid suture |
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What does the coronal suture do? |
It separates the frontal bone from the parietal bone |
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What passes through the supraorbital foramen? And what does it supply? |
The supraorbital artery, vein, and nerve; and it supplies the front of the head |
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What happens are the supraorbital foramen? It's the end of the road... meaning what? |
It is the terminating branch of the superficial portion of the internal carotid artery |
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The ____________ takes blood to the brain. |
Internal carotid artery |
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What does anastomosis mean? |
The joining of two blood supply systems |
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What artery supplies the blood to the side of the head (temporalis)? |
Superficial temporal artery |
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Where does the temporalis attach? |
To the coronoid on your mandible and it slips underneath the zygomatic arch |
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The _____________ is supplying the superficial structures of the head. |
External carotid artery |
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What does the epicranius consist of? |
The frontal and occipital |
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Where is the frontalis connected? |
Galea to skin of eyebrow |
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Where is the orbicularis oculi connected? |
Frontal/maxillary to eyelid |
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What is/does the orbicularis oculi do? |
They are the circular muscles that do constriction |
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Where is the levator labii superioiris connected? |
Upper maxilla/nasal to orbicularis oris |
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What does labii mean? |
Lips |
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Where does the zygomatic minor attach? |
From the zygomatic to corner of lip |
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Where does the zygomatic major attach? |
From the zygomatic to corner of lip |
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Where does the risorius attach? |
From masseter to skin of mouth |
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Where does the masseter attach? |
From the zygomatic arch to ramus of mandible |
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Where does the orbicularis oris attach? |
From fasica around lips to mucosa of lips |
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Where does the platysma attach? |
From the fascia of pects and deltoid to mandible and corner of mouth |
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Where does the depressor anguli oris attach? |
From the mandible to the skin at the angle of mouth |
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Where does the depressor labii inferioris attach? |
From the body of mandible to lower lip |
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Where does the corrugator attach? |
From the arch above the nasal to skin of eye |
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Where does the buccinator attach? |
From the maxilla and mandible/orbicularis oris |
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Where does the mentalis attach? |
From the mandible to skin of chin |
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What happens to the mentalis when you are in REM sleep? |
There is no tone at all in it |
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_____________, the __________ is in control of all the muscles of expression. |
Cranial nerve 7, the facial nerve |
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Where does cranial nerve 7 come through? |
It comes out of the brain and goes through the internal acoustic meatus, and exits through the stylomastoid foramen. |
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This nerve has autonomic influence to the salivary glands, and has both motor and sensory information. |
Cranial nerve 7, the facial nerve |
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What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve? |
1. Temporal 2. Zygomatic 3. Buccal 4. Mandibular 5. Cervical |
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_______ carries parasympathetic motor information and helps control the lacrimal glands and two of the salivary glands (sublingual and submandibular) |
Cranial nerve 7, the facial nerve |
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Taste is a matter of which 3 cranial nerve? |
7, 9, and 10 |
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______, the __________ does the chewing mechanism; the muscles of mastication. |
Cranial nerve 5, the trigeminal nerve |
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Where is the medial pterygoid attached to? |
To the medial side of the mandible |
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Where is the lateral pterygoid attached to? |
The sphenoid to mandibular condyle |
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The parasympathetic division is called the _______________. |
Cranio-sacral division |
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What gland is on the surface of the masseter? |
The parotid gland |
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What controls the muscles of mastication? |
Cranial nerve 5, the trigeminal nerve |
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Muscles of expression: ________________ |
Cranial nerve 7, the facial nerve |
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What are the 3 divisions of cranial nerve 5, the trigeminal nerve? |
1. Ophthalmis branch (V1) 2. Maxillary branch (V2) 3. Mandibular branch (V3) |
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What does the ophthalmic branch pass through in the skull? And is it sensory or motor? |
Passes through the superior orbital fissure (between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone); sensory |
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What does the maxillary branch pass through in the skull? And is it sensory or motor? |
Passes through the foramen rotundum; sensory |
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What does the mandibular branch pass through in the skull? And is it sensory or motor? |
Passes through the foramen ovale; it is sensory but the muscles of mastication get their info from this branch (motor) |
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The maxillary and mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve, cranial nerve 5 supplies what nerves that go to your teeth? |
The superior and inferior alveolar nerves |
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The tongue receives sensory information about taste from _______________. |
7, 9, and 10 |
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The ____________ is innervated by the mandibular branch of cranial nerve 5, muscle of ___________. |
Temporalis Mastication |
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Where do the lateral/medial pterygoid attach to? |
Attaches to the pterygoid plates of the sphenoid and the mandible |
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What to the digastric muscles innervate? |
Anterior belly innervated by cranial nerve 5, posterior belly innervated by cranial nerve 7. |
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Where does the mylohyoid attach to? |
To the mandible and the hyoid bone |
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Mylohyoid gets cranial nerve _____, the _______ branch. |
5, the mandibular branch |
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What branch of the trigeminal passes through the superior orbital fissure? |
The ophthalmic branch |
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What is the purpose of that ophthalmic branch passing through the superior orbital fissure? |
Sensory information |
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What are the 7 bones of the orbit of the eye? |
1. frontal 2. zygomatic 3. maxilla 4. nasal 5. lacrimal 6. ethmoid 7. sphenoid |
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What are the extrinsic eye muscles? |
Large strap like skeletal muscles attached to the eyeball |
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What are the names of the 6 extrinsic eye muscles? And which nerve innervates each muscle? |
1. superior rectus (3) 2. inferior rectus (3) 3. lateral rectus (6) 4. medial rectus (3) 5. superior oblique (4) 6. inferior oblique (3) |
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What does the superior oblique muscle cause the eye to do? |
It causes the eye to look inferior |
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What is the tip to remember the innervation of the extrinsic eye muscles? |
[LR6 SO4]3 |
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Where is the levator palpibrae superioris attach? |
To the skin of the upper eyelid then it attaches to the lesser wing of the sphenoid |
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What is the function of the levator palpibrae superioris? |
It is the primary opener of the eye |
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What muscle closes the eye that is innervated by cranial nerve 7, the facial nerve? |
Obicularis occuli |
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What is the major hole in the sphenoid bone that is important for branches of the trigeminal? |
Superior orbital fissure, the ophthalmic branch of the sphenoid comes through here. |
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What does the ophthalmic branch do? |
Sensory information of the trigeminal |
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What cranial nerves go through the superior orbital fissure? |
3, 4, and 6 |
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What is the purpose of cranial nerve 3, 4, and 6 as they pass though the superior fissure? |
To move the eyes |
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What is the annular ring in the eye? |
It is what the extrinsic eye muscles are attached to, it's the connective tissue ring that surrounds the nerve in the back of the eye. |
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What does the levator papilbrae attach to? |
Bone |
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Cranial nerve 8 passes through the _________________ and it is a sensory only nerve, it is the __________ and ____________ nerve. |
Stylomastoid foramen Hearing and balance |
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What is the purpose of the internal carotid? |
To supply the brain |
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What is the real purpose of the external carotid? |
To supply the rest of the superficial structures that are not the brain |
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Besides the internal carotids, what other arteries are responsible for supplying the brain with blood? |
The vertebral arteries |
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What is the opposite of the internal and external carotids? |
Internal and external jugulars |
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What three nerves go through the jugular foramen? |
The glossopharyngeal (9), the vagas (10), and the accessory (11). |
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What nerve best illustrates parasympathetics? |
The vagas nerve (10) |
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What three things is cranial nerve 7 responsible for? |
1. expression 2. tears from the lacrimal gland 3. salavation from the sublingual and submandibular glands |
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What nerves are involved in carrying para symp motor info? |
3, 7, 9, and 10 |
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Cranial nerve _______ controls four muscles of the eye. |
Three |
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What are the smooth muscle fibers that branch off the center circle of the iris; it is controlled by sympathetics? |
Dialators |
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What are the smooth muscle fibers that are in a circle around the iris? |
Constrictors |
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Which cranial nerve goes to the ciliary ganglia? |
Cranial nerve 3, the oculomotor |
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Where is the ciliary ganglia going to project? |
Into the smooth muscle stuff to control the size of the pupil and the occomodation stuff in the eye |
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Where is the pterygopalatine ganglia located? |
Posterior to the maxilla on either side between the pterygoid process and the maxillary tuberosity |
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Where is the submandibular ganglia located? |
On a muscle called the hyoglossus |
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Where is the otic ganglia and what cranial nerve does it get? |
Inferior to the foramen ovale and it gets cranial nerve 9 |
