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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary Muscles of Respiration
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Diaphragm & Intercostals
(elastic recoil of lungs- not a real muscle but acts as one in passively allowing for expiration) |
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IVC hiatus
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T8
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Esophageal hiatus
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T10
"hiatal hernia" |
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Where is the Aortic hiatus found? What other structures run with it?
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T12 (Its the most posterior of all hiatus)
thoracic duct and azygous vein also run through the hiatus. |
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Diaphragm action:
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increase diameter of thoracic cage during inspiration
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Diaphragm is what kind of muscle?
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skeletal
Under ANS control, the only skeletal muscle that we don't really control |
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Diaphragm is innervated by:
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phrenic nerve
C3-C5 |
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External intercostals action:
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elevate ribs in inspiration
(run in hands in pocket direction) |
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Internal intercostals action:
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depress ribs in expiration (much more passive than inspiration)
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Innervation of intercostals:
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intercostal nerves
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What happens in inspiration?
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Diaphragm contracts and descends
rib cage elevates and expands intrathoracic volume increases and pressure decreases (active process) |
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What happens in expiration?
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Diaphragm relaxes (raises)
rib cage lowers (intercostals) intrathoracic volume decreases and pressure increases high pressure flow to low pressure mostly passive except for internal intercostals are working a bit |
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Active expiration relies on which muscles
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relies on accessory muscles of respiration
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Accessory Muscles of respiration:
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scalene, sternocleidomastoid, serratus posterior superior and inferior. Rectus Abdominis, etc. not a complete list)
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Where is the subcostal plane found?
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Runs under the ribs at the level of L2 -L3
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Where is the transtubercule plane found?
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It runs through the iliac tubercles at the level of L5
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Where does the transpyloric plane run?
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At the level of L1.
Lots of organs are here. Problem in one area affects lots of other things: Pylorus, fundus of the gallbladder, origin of the superior mesenteteric artery, dudenojejunal junction, body of the pancrease, hila of the kidneys, portal vein. |
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Appendix pain and inflammation is found where?
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McBurney’s Point.
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