Anatomy Defenition/ Terms

Front 1

What is Anatomy?

Back 1

Branch of science that deals with the study of the structure of body parts and forms (arrangement)

Front 2

What is Physiolgy

Back 2

The study of the function of the bodies organs (what do they do, and how do they do it?)

Front 3

Morphology

Back 3

Study of the structure or shape of the bodies organs

Front 4

What are the five environmental factors needed for life?

Back 4

1. Water
2. Food
3. Oxygen
4. Heat
5. Pressure

Front 5

Define #1

Back 5

Water
 Chemical Substance
 Most abundant substance in body
 Aids in Metabolic Processes (provides environment)
 Transports substances (within organisms)
 Regulates body temperature

Front 6

Define #2

Back 6

Food
 Provides necessary chemicals(nutrients)
 Supply chemical Energy
 Material for building new matter

Front 7

Define #3

Back 7

Oxygen
 Gas
 Constitutes 1/5 of Air
 Required in the process of releasing energy from nutrients
 Drive metabolic processes

Front 8

Define #4

Back 8

Heat
 Form of Energy by products of metabolism
 Regulates rates of metabolic reactions
 Measured by temperature

Front 9

Define #5

Back 9

Pressure
 Application of force
 Important in breathing
 Atmospheric Pressure – Experienced on land due to weight of air
 Hydrostatic Pressure- Experienced in water due to weight of water
 Blood Pressure – pressure for forcing blood through blood vessels

Front 10

What broad thin muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the lower abdominopelvic cavity?

Back 10

The diaphragm which when at rest curves upward into the thorax like a dome

Front 11

The serous membranes secrete a slippery serous fluid that separates which layers?

Back 11

The layer lining the wall (parietal layer) from the layer covering the organ (visceral layer)

Front 12

What organs are in the Central Nervous System?

Back 12

Spine and Brain

Front 13

What cavity does the central nervous system lie in?

Back 13

Dorsal Cavity

Front 14

What is the top of the tongue known as?

Back 14

Doral/Dorsum

Front 15

What does the ending itis mean?

Back 15

Inflamation

Front 16

The prefix Epi mean?

Back 16

On the surface of

Front 17

What does the ending ose imply?

Back 17

Sugar

Front 18

What is diffusion?

Back 18

Where a higher concentration flows to a lower concentration

Front 19

What does the ending stasis entail?

Back 19

The same

Front 20

What are the 9 levels of organization?

Back 20

1.Atom
2.Molecule
3.Macromolecule
4.Organelle
5.Cell
6.Tissue
7.Organ
8.Organ System
9.Organism

Front 21

Define #1

Back 21

Atom – small invisible particle of an element that has the properties of that element

Front 22

Define #2

Back 22

Molecule – two or more atoms bound together

Front 23

Define # 3

Back 23

Macromolecule – larger molecule

Front 24

Define # 4

Back 24

Organelle – in cells and carry on specific activities composed of macromolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids)

Front 25

Define #5

Back 25

Cell –basic unit of structure and function of an organism

Front 26

Define #6

Back 26

Tissue – layer or mass of cells grouped together that have a common function

Front 27

Define #7

Back 27

Organ – groups of different tissues groups (complex structure/ specialized functions)

Front 28

Define #8

Back 28

Organ System – group of organs that function closely together

Front 29

Define #9

Back 29

Organism - Interacting organ systems

Front 30

What are the characteristics of Animal Life?

Back 30

Movement
Responsiveness
Growth
Reproduction
Respiration
Digestion
Absorption
Circulation
Assimilation
Excretion

Front 31

Define #1

Back 31

Movement – Change in position of body or body part

Front 32

Define #2

Back 32

Responsiveness – Reaction to change taking place (inside or outside)

Front 33

Define #3

Back 33

Growth – Increase in body size without change in shape

Front 34

Define #4

Back 34

Reproduction – Production of new organisms and new cells

Front 35

Define # 5

Back 35

Respiration – Obtaining oxygen, using oxygen in releasing energy from foods and removing carbon dioxide

Front 36

Define # 6

Back 36

Digestion – Breaking down food into simpler forms that can be used

Front 37

Define #7

Back 37

Absorption – Passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids

Front 38

Define #8

Back 38

Circulation - movement of substances from place to place in body fluids

Front 39

Define #9

Back 39

Assimilation – Changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms

Front 40

Define #10

Back 40

Excretion – removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions

Front 41

What is Anatomical Position?

Back 41

Stand erect, the face forward, with the upper limps at the sides, and palms are facing anteriorly (forward)

Front 42

What controls the temperature of the body making sure that is stay at the set point of 98.6° F (37° C)?

Back 42

The homeostatic mechanism located in the hypothalamus

Front 43

The human body is divided into what two portions?

Back 43

An Axial and an Appendicular Portion

Front 44

What body parts does the Axial Portion contain?

Back 44

Head, neck, trunk

Front 45

What body parts does the Appendicular Portion contain?

Back 45

Upper and lower limbs

Front 46

What are the two major cavities located within the axial portion?

Back 46

A dorsal cavity and a larger ventral cavity

Front 47

Define Vicera

Back 47

The organs that are located in cavities such as the dorsal and ventral cavities

Front 48

What two parts can the dorsal cavity are subdivided into?

Back 48

Cranial Cavity (houses the brain), and the vertebral canal (spinal cavity) which contains the spinal cord and is surrounded by sections of the back-bone (vertebrae)

Front 49

What two cavities comprise the ventral cavity?

Back 49

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity

Front 50

What does the diaphragm do during inhalation?

Back 50

It contracts and presses down upon the abdominal vicera

Front 51

What is the wall of the thoracic cavity composed of?

Back 51

Skin, skeletal muscles, and bones

Front 52

Define Mediastinum

Back 52

Tissues and organs including the remaining thoracic vicera-heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland that form a spectrum between the two compartments that contain the right and left lungs

Front 53

Define Abdominal Cavity

Back 53

The space between the diaphragm and the pelvic inlet that contains the abdominal viscera

Front 54

What organs are in the abdominal vicera?

Back 54

Stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, and the small and large intestines

Front 55

Where does the abdominal cavity which includes a lower pelvic portion and an upper abdominal portion start and stop?

Back 55

It extends from the floor of the diaphragm to the floor of the pelvis

Front 56

Define pelvic cavity

Back 56

Portion of the abdominopelvic cavity enclosed by the pelvic bones which contains the terminal end of the large intestine, the urinary bladder, and the internal reproductive organs

Front 57

What other smaller cavities are located within the head?

Back 57

Oral Cavity
Nasal Cavity
Orbital Cavities
Middle Ear Cavities

Front 58

What organs are located in #1?

Back 58

Oral Cavity: Contains teeth and tongue

Front 59

Where is #2 located?

Back 59

Nasal Cavity: Located within the nose and divided into right and left portions by a nasal septum.

Front 60

What are connected to #2?

Back 60

Several air-filled sinuses are connected to the nasal cavity

Front 61

Give an example of an air-filled sinus

Back 61

These include the sphenoidal and frontal sinuses

Front 62

What organs do #3 contain?

Back 62

Orbital Cavities: Contain the eyes and associated skeletal muscles and nerves

Front 63

What organs do #4 contain?

Back 63

Middle Ear Cavities: Contain the middle ear bones

Front 64

What are the serous membranes?

Back 64

Membranes that line a cavity without an opening to the outside of the body and fold back to cover the organs within these cavities

Front 65

What organ does the word Pleural pertain to?

Back 65

Lung

Front 66

Define Plural membranes

Back 66

Serous membranes that enclose the lungs

Front 67

What membranes surround the heart?

Back 67

Pericardial Membranes

Front 68

What are the membranes called in the Abdominopelvic cavity?

Back 68

Peritoneal Membranes