Anatomy Chungs Quick Facts

Front 1

Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus would damage what nerve?

Back 1

* The Axillary nerve (and post. humeral circumflex artery)

Front 2

Fracture of the shaft of the humerus would damage:

Back 2

* The radial nerve and deep brachial artery (in the spiral groove)

Spiral groove = radial = midshaft

Front 3

Fx of the medial epicondyle in the arm would damage:

Back 3

* Ulnar nerve (funny bone)

Front 4

Fx of the hamate would damage:

Back 4

* Ulnar nerve and artery (1st bone under 'pinky' metacarpal)

Front 5

Someone who falls on their outstretched hand might damage:

Back 5

* Radial artery

Front 6

A pt who has broken his hand by punching a wall has probably fx'd:

Back 6

* A metacarpal ("boxer's fx")

Front 7

An inferior dislocation of the shoulder would damage what nerve?

Back 7

* The axillary nerve

Front 8

Muscle that adducts the humerus:

Back 8

* Pectoralis major and subscapularis

Front 9

Muscles involved in rotating the shoulder "out" (supination-- lateral rotation):

Back 9

* Mainly the INFRAspinatus but also the teres minor

Front 10

Muscles of the rotator cuff:

Back 10

* SItS (supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor, subscapularis)

Front 11

Innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscle:

Back 11

* Axillary nerve

Front 12

Forms the floor of the triangle of auscultation:

Back 12

* Rhomboid major (upper border of lat, lateral border of trapezius, and medial border of the scapula)

Front 13

Innervates the biceps:

Innervates the tricep:

Back 13

* Bicep = musculocutaneous

Tricep = Radial

Front 14

Damage to c5, c6, and c7 would damage this nerve and cause:

Back 14

* Long thoracic and cause winged scapula

Front 15

What nerve roots make up the sympathetic trunk?

Back 15

* C5 to T1

Front 16

A pt who compresses the posterior cord d/t constant crutch use would have:

Back 16

* Wrist drop (loss of function of the extensors of the forearm)

Front 17

A pt who couldn't do "curls" has injured:

Back 17

* his musculocutaneous nerve

Front 18

Fracture of the medial epicondyle would cause:

Back 18

* Claw hand (damage to ulnar nerve)

Loss of adduction of the thumb

Front 19

Injury to the upper trunk such as in a breech delivery or motorcycle accident would cause:

Back 19

* Erb palsy-- waiters tip hand

Front 20

Adducts the fingers:

Back 20

* Palmar interossei (PAD)

Front 21

Abducts the fingers:

Back 21

* Dorsal interossei (DAB)

Front 22

Flexes the fingers:

Back 22

* lumbricals and interossei

Front 23

Extends the fingers:

Back 23

* extensor digitorum

Front 24

Innvervates the interossei muscles that abduct/adduct the fingers:

Back 24

* Ulnar nerve

Front 25

In a clavicle fx, the medial part will be pulled up by what muscle:

Back 25

* the SCM (sternocleidomastoid)

Front 26

Parts of the "terrible triad" of the knee:

Back 26

* ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus tears

Front 27

Innervates the anterior muscles of the lower leg and foot:

Back 27

* Deep peroneal nerve

Front 28

Innervates the skin on the lateral side of the lower leg and dorsum of the foot:

Back 28

* Superficial peroneal nerve

Front 29

Muscle that stabilizes the pelvis when a leg is raised off the floor:

Back 29

* gluteus medius (superior gluteal nerve)

Front 30

What makes the femoral triangle?

Back 30

* Sartorius laterally, adductor longus medially, and inguinal ligament superiorly

Contains the femoral nerve, artery, and vein

Front 31

What innervates the anterior, medial, and posterior muscles of the thigh:

Back 31

* Ant = femoral nerve
Medial = obturator nerve
Post = Sciatic nerve

Front 32

Artery that supplies the lateral compartment of the lower leg in the superficial peroneal region:

Back 32

* There is no named artery

Front 33

Innervates the posterior muscles of the leg (gastrocs, soleus, etc):

Back 33

* The Tibial nerve

Front 34

Small muscle that "unlocks" the knee:

Back 34

* Popliteus muscle

Front 35

Achilles reflex is tapping on what tendons?

Back 35

* Tendons of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles

Front 36

If you lose plantar flexion of the foot, you have injured what nerve?

Back 36

* Tibial nerve

Front 37

Artery supplying blood to the femoral head:

Back 37

* Medial circumflex femoral artery

Front 38

Artery supplying blood to the knee, then branches just below the knee:

Back 38

* Popliteal artery

Front 39

White muscle fiber characteristics:

Back 39

* Low myoglobin, Fast contraction, with high ATPase (high ATPase = quicker contraction = faster)

Front 40

Artery most affected by a Berry Aneurysm:

Back 40

* ACA (leg/foot) actually near the branch of the anterior communicating artery

Front 41

What hand movement won't be allowed if the median nerve is cut?

Back 41

* Opposition of the thumb

Front 42

What nerve is damaged if the thumb can't adduct?

Back 42

* Ulnar nerve controls thumb adduction (adductor pollicis)

Front 43

Free edge of the lesser omentum contains what 3 structures:

Back 43

* CBD, Hepatic Artery, and Portal Vein (Duct, Artery, Vein)

Front 44

What findings would you see with a Klumpke palsy, what is injured?

Back 44

* Klumpke palsy = Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (Damage to C8, T1)

Numbness along inner aspect of the hand, can't use intrinsic hand muscles

Can be d/t a cervical rib also

Front 45

Posterior upper pharynx is innervated by:

Back 45

* CN IX (glosspharyngeal)

Front 46

Ability to oppose the thumb (opponens pollicis) is via this nerve:

Back 46

* Median nerve

Front 47

Ability to adduct the thumb is via what nerve:

Back 47

* Ulnar nerve

Front 48

Important portal-caval anastamoses:

Back 48

* Gastric veins -- Azygous system

Paraumbilical veins - superficial umbilical veins

Superior rectal - Middle/Inferior rectal

Front 49

Retroperitoneal structures:

Back 49

* Most of duodenum, most of pancreas, ascending/descending colon, rectum/anal canal, kidneys/adrenals, ureter/IVC/aorta

Front 50

Gray-white penile plaque (shaft of penis):

Red plaque, glans of penis:

Multiple plaques:

Back 50

* White plaque on shaft = Bowen's

Red plaque, glans = Eryth of Queryat

Multiple plaques = Bowenoid papulosis

Front 51

Muscle that could avulse the lesser trochanter of the femur:

Back 51

* Psoas major

Front 52

Most important risk factor for breast cancer:

Back 52

* Family history

Front 53

If the tongue (when stuck out) deviates to the right, what is damaged?

Back 53

* The right genioglossus muscle (hypoglossal innervation)

Front 54

The ureter can be found immediately anterior to the:

Back 54

* External illiac artery

Front 55

Best hormone to dx a Zollinger-Ellison syndrome:

Back 55

* Secretin

Front 56

Nerve that would control extending the fingers and wrist:

Back 56

* Radial nerve

(Ulnar is wrist flexion and flexion of digits 4 and 5--pinky)

Front 57

OCD pt's show increased activity where in the brain?

Back 57

* Caudate, prefrontal cortex, and basal ganglia

Front 58

Anal canal innervation think:

Back 58

* Inferior rectal nerve or pudendal nerve

Front 59

Fascia that is most superficial and where a plastic surgeon would do a lipo from:

Back 59

* Camper's fascia (Campers are fat)

Front 60

Endodermal sinus tumor think:

Back 60

* Yolk sac tumor (increased AFP)

Front 61

2 demyelinating diseases:

Back 61

* Multiple Sclerosis and Guillon-Barre

(Diabetes affects axons, not myelin)

Front 62

A kid who falls on his outstretched hand and breaks his scaphoid will damage:

Back 62

* His radial artery leading to avascular necrosis and PAIN IN THE SKIN over the SNUFF-BOX of the hand

Front 63

Posterior cord gives rise to what nerves:

Back 63

* Axillary and radial nerves

Front 64

What gives rise to the Median nerve:

What gives rise to the Ulnar nerve:

What gives rise to the Musculocutaneous nerve:

Back 64

* Median = Medial/Lateral cords

Ulnar = Medial Cord

Musculocut = Lateral Cord

Front 65

A pt with menetrier's disease who has big rugal folds, high mucus, and scant gastric glands will have reduced:

Back 65

* Protein digestion (protein-losing enteropathy)

Front 66

Ovarian tumor that can cause hyperthyroidism:

Back 66

* Monodermal teratoma (Struma ovarii)

Front 67

Innervates the gag reflex and salivation (via the parotid):

Back 67

* Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

Facial innervates the other lacrimal glands

Front 68

On what structure is the splenic artery and vein found:

Back 68

* Spleno-renal ligament

Front 69

Testicular tumor that presents with a high ALP:

Back 69

* High Alkaline Phosphatase = SEMINOMA (most common testicular tumor)

Front 70

What space are you trying to hit when doing a lumbar punture?

Back 70

* Subarachnoid space

Front 71

Nerve that lies on the anterior of the anterior scalene muscle:

Back 71

* Phrenic nerve

Front 72

Highly diagnostic of CHF in older pt's is:

Back 72

* An S3 heart sound

Front 73

Basilar head trauma (damage to foramen ovale) might damage:

Back 73

* Mandibular nerve (muscles of mastication)

Front 74

Heart valve most affected by bacterial endocarditis (staph aureus, strep viridans, strep pyogenes--group A beta-hemolytic strep):

Back 74

* Mitral Valve

Front 75

Heart valve most affected by an IV drug user who gets an endocarditis:

Back 75

* Tricuspid Valve (Don't TRI drugs)

Front 76

Pt who can't sleep anymore and has paralysis of gaze upward has:

Back 76

* Pinealoma

Front 77

Superior colliculus is for:

Inferior colliculus is for:

Back 77

* Supeior = Eyes

Inferior = auditory

Front 78

Kid with brain tumor that has a cyst, histo exam show astrocytes with long fibers (Rosenthal fibers) she has:

Back 78

* Pilocytic astrocytoma

Front 79

Antibodies seen with lupus:

Back 79

* Anti-dsDNA

Front 80

Ligament that is part of the lesser omentum and separates the great sac from the lesser sac:

Back 80

* Gastrohepatic ligament

Front 81

Nerve responsible for hip abduction (moving thighs "out"):

Back 81

* Superior gluteal nerve

(Obturator is for hip ADDuction-- bringing thighs "IN")

Front 82

CNS tumor with bizarre pattern with necrosis and hemorrhage:

Back 82

* Gliobastoma multiforme (BAD tumor)

Front 83

A kid with urine coming out of his belly-button, what does this structure usually become:

Back 83

* Urine = Urachus = MEDIAN Umbilical ligament

(mediaL ligament = umbilicaL artery)

Front 84

Best access in the neck to the vertebral artery:

Back 84

* Sub-occipital triangle

Front 85

Going fast and trying to grab something, or breech delivery both damage:

Back 85

* Lower part of brachial plexus (C8 to T1) -- Klumpkes paralysis

Dysfunction to Middle 2 fingers, middle palm, and Medial Arm/Forearm

Front 86

Malignant HTN will lead to what changes in blood vessels:

Back 86

* Onion skinning -- hyperplastic arteriosclerosis

(Hyaline arteriosclerosis = mild HTN and diabetes)

Front 87

Developmentally will cause a hydrocoele:

Back 87

* Incomplete fusion of the processus vaginalis

Front 88

Apoprotein in chylomicrons that is responsible for activating lipoprotein lipase:

Back 88

* CII

Front 89

How does the epidermis regrow over an abraded area?

Back 89

* Growth of epidermis from hair follicles and sweat glands in the dermis

Front 90

Gag reflex is:

Back 90

* Glosspharyngeal for the afferent/sensory limb, and Vagus for the motor limb

Front 91

Process that allows muscles to relax after contraction:

Back 91

* Binding of calcium to calsequestrin

Front 92

CSF flow is:

Back 92

* Lateral vents -- foramen of monroe -- 3rd vent -- aqueduct of sylvius -- 4th vent

Front 93

Is lymph flow increased or decreased with exercise?

Back 93

* Increased with exercise

Front 94

A guy with a testicular mass, where does the lymph drain?

Back 94

* Para-aortic nodes

Front 95

Responsible for increased coronary artery blood flow:

Back 95

* Increased cardiac tissue ADENOSINE

Front 96

Only muscle that opens the jaw:

Back 96

* Lateral Pterygoid

Front 97

Paget's disease of breast, think:

Back 97

* Ductal carcinoma In-Situ

Front 98

A man with testicular torsion, what arteries are affected?

Back 98

* Testicular artery-- direct branch of the aorta

Front 99

Features of ADPKD:

Back 99

* High BP (d/t high Renin), Anemai (d/t low erythropoeitin), elevated BUN/CREAT d/t renal failure

Front 100

Most common cause of sudden cardiac death:

Back 100

* Ischemic heart disease