Anatomy (Chp 1)

Front 1

anatomy

Back 1

the scientific stydy of the structure or morphology of organisms

Front 2

gross human anatomy

Back 2

large structures of the human body that can be seen through normal dissection

Front 3

microscopic anatomy

Back 3

smaller structures and fine detail that can be seen only with the aid of a microscope

Front 4

physiology

Back 4

study of the functions or processes of living things

Front 5

cytology

Back 5

study of cellular structure

Front 6

histology

Back 6

study of tissues

Front 7

levels organization

Back 7

chemical, cell, tissues, organs, body system, organism

Front 8

11 organ systems

Back 8

integumentary, skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, nervous, endocrine, lymphatic, urinary, reproductive, respiratory, digestive

Front 9

integumentary

Back 9

skin and various accessory organs associated with it

Front 10

skeletal

Back 10

framework of body; protects underlying organs

Front 11

muscular

Back 11

made up of muscles

Front 12

nervous

Back 12

brain, spinal cord, associated nerves

Front 13

endocrine

Back 13

includes all the glands that secrete chemicals called hormones

Front 14

cardiovascular

Back 14

blood, heart, blood vessels

Front 15

lymphatic

Back 15

a series of vessels that transport fluid (lymph) from the tissues back into the blood

Front 16

digestive

Back 16

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines; all make up digestive tract

Front 17

respiratory

Back 17

brings in oxygen, removes carbon dioxide

Front 18

urinary

Back 18

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra; removes waste materials esp nitrogenous waste

Front 19

reproductive

Back 19

consists of gonads

Front 20

life processes

Back 20

organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movement, reproduction, growth, differentiation, respiration, digestion, excretion

Front 21

growth

Back 21

increase in cell number and size

Front 22

organization

Back 22

division of labor; takes place after differentiation

Front 23

differentiation

Back 23

look the same but then become special in appearance; structure changes function

Front 24

excretion

Back 24

getting rid of waste

Front 25

digestion

Back 25

breaks down macromolecules, simplifies them into building blocks; absorption: take nutrients and put into blood

Front 26

movement

Back 26

muscle contraction/joints; blood/fluid (lymph)

Front 27

diffusion

Back 27

high to low; oxygen goes into air sack and diffuses into capillaries

Front 28

reproduction

Back 28

cellular level (mitosis)and sexual level

Front 29

metabolism

Back 29

total of all chem rxns that occur in body

Front 30

catabolism

Back 30

complex -> simple; NRG is released

Front 31

anabolism

Back 31

simple -> complex; nrg needed

Front 32

respiration

Back 32

exchange of gases between environment and cells

Front 33

ventilation

Back 33

inhale and exhale

Front 34

cell respiration

Back 34

oxygen diffuses from capillary into body cell, co2 diffuses from cell into cap.

Front 35

responsiveness

Back 35

ability to detect a change and respond; stimulus - response

Front 36

5 physical factors

Back 36

(H2OPN): water, pressure, nutrients, heat, oxygen

Front 37

heat

Back 37

functions best at body temp, need heat for chem rxns

Front 38

water

Back 38

chem rxns, transports, body temp

Front 39

oxygen

Back 39

cell respiration

Front 40

pressure

Back 40

atmospheric: pushes O2 in; hydrostatic: blood pressure

Front 41

nutrients

Back 41

carbs are primary source of nrg, lipids are second

Front 42

homeostasis

Back 42

maintain constant equillibrium with environment

Front 43

stressor

Back 43

anything that disrupts homeostasis can be internal or external

Front 44

negative feedback

Back 44

brings back to normal by acting in opposite way (bld glucose levels)

Front 45

positive feedback

Back 45

quick; magnifies stressor and causes it to stop (blood clotting)

Front 46

superior

Back 46

closer to head (opp is inferior)

Front 47

inferior

Back 47

farther from head

Front 48

anterior

Back 48

front (opp is posterior)

Front 49

posterior

Back 49

back

Front 50

medial

Back 50

nearer the midline

Front 51

superficial

Back 51

near the surface (opp is deep)

Front 52

proximal

Back 52

closer to the trunk (opp is distal)

Front 53

visceral

Back 53

covers organs (opp is parietal: covers cavities)

Front 54

sagittal plane

Back 54

right and left portions (midsagittal: halves)

Front 55

transverse plane

Back 55

superior and inferior

Front 56

frontal or coronal plane

Back 56

anterior and posterior

Front 57

name the body cavities

Back 57

dorsal: spinal, cranial
ventral: thorasic, abdominopelvic (abdominal and pelvic)

Front 58

nine regions of abdominopelvic

Back 58

umbilical, epigastric, hypogastric, R/L hypochondriac, R/L iliac, R/L lumbar

Front 59

regions of the body

Back 59

axial: head neck trunk, appendicular: limbs, torso: trunk