Anatomy Chapter 15

Front 1

The Autonomic Nervous system

Back 1

- "self-governing"

-Involuntary control of motor neurons.

-Innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands of the body.

Front 2

What is the purpose of the ANS?

How does it function?

Back 2

To mantain homeostasis

functions independently but not completely involuntary (we can control it by heavy breathing f.e)

Front 3

when comparing the somatic and autonomic motor systems what muscle systems are controled by what systems?

Back 3

Somatic controls skeletal muscle

Autonomic controls cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glandular epithelium.

Front 4

What are the differences in transmission of signals from somatic and autonomic systems?

Back 4

Somatic systems have one axon and ALL cell bodies in the CNS

Autonomic system has pre and post ganglionic cells and cell bodies both in and out of the CNS.

Front 5

What is the difference between preganglionic and post ganglionic? What is the result?

Back 5

Preganglionic is myelinated while the postganglionic is not.

As a result the autonomic system is slower than the somatic system.

Front 6

What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Back 6

Sympathetic- fight or flight

Nonsympathetic- eat and excrete

Front 7

As well as functional differences between the systems, their are anatomical and biochemical differences.

Anatomically the Sympathetic Nervous system can also be called...

Back 7

Thoracocolumbar

Front 8

Anatomically the PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system can be called

Back 8

Craniosacral

Front 9

Sympathetic pathways have (short/long) postganglionic fiers, whereas the postganglionic fibers for parasympathetic pathways are (short/long).

Back 9

Long; short

Front 10

Sympathetic ganglia are located (close/far) from the CNS. Therefore Postganglionic fibers are (long/short)
By contrast, parasympathetic ganglia are (close/far) from the CNS. Therefore postganglion are (short/long).

Back 10

close; long

far; short

Front 11

Ganglion in the sympathetic nervous system are __________ whereas in the parasympathetic nervous system they are ___________.

Back 11

Paravertebral ; terminal

Front 12

Route of transmission for the sympathetic nervous system.

Back 12

Signals leave the VENTRAL horn of the spine and travel to the ganglion through the WHITE ramus communicans to the spinal nerve.

ONCE IN THE SPINAL NERVE signal must enter the GRAY ramus communicans.

Front 13

All ganglionic systems (pre and post) and systems (parasympathetic and sympathetic) use ACETYLCHOLINE as their NT with the exception of ______ which uses _________.

Back 13

Post ganglionic cells of the Sympathetic nervous system; Norepinephrine

Front 14

What happens to the following during Sympathetic response:

- energy
- eyes
- blood vessels
- Skin
- Sweat
- Saliva
- bronchioles
- sphincters

Back 14

high energy use (high burning no digestion to produce)

Dilate

Constriction

Sweaty and cooler (no blood)

Dry mouth (no saliva)

Dilation of bronchioles (more air for blood and muscle)

close

Front 15

during a parasympathetic response does vasodilation occur?

Back 15

NOT REALLY. there is no mechanism to vasodilate.

Front 16

What do we know about the sympathetic and parasympathetic responses in the GI tract with respect to animals vs. humans.

Back 16

Humans sphincters close during sympathetic reactions in animals these processes are oppositte.