Anatomy Chapter 1

Front 1

The study of the structure of an organism and the relationship of it's parts.

The science which studies the structure of parts of the body

Back 1

Anatomy

Front 2

The biological study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.

Back 2

Physiology

Front 3

Looking at what is happening

Back 3

Observations

Front 4

An educated guess

Back 4

Hypothesis

Front 5

Test used to prove a hypothesis

Back 5

Experiment

Front 6

Enough confidence to prove the hypothesis(accept it).

Back 6

Theory

Front 7

Unusually high level of confidence.

Back 7

Law

Front 8

Respond to irritability.

Back 8

Responsiveness

Front 9

The capacity to transmit a signal.

Back 9

Conductivity

Front 10

An increase in size or a number of cells.

Back 10

Growth

Front 11

Absorption, utilization, of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Back 11

Respiration

Front 12

Complex food are broken down into simpler substances used in cells.

Back 12

Digestion

Front 13

Movement of digested nutrients through the wall of the digestive tube and into the body fluids.

Back 13

Absorption

Front 14

Production and delivery of specialized substances.

Back 14

Secretion

Front 15

Removal of waste products

Back 15

Excretion

Front 16

Movement of body fluids and many substances, such as nutrients.

Back 16

Circulation

Front 17

Formation of new cells through cell division.

Back 17

Reproduction

Front 18

A level, 100 different chemical building blocks of nature called atoms.

Back 18

Chemical Level

Front 19

Chemical Structures may be organized within larger units called cells to form various structures called WHAT?
These ______ are structured to perform a specific function.

Example: Mitochondria, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum

Back 19

Organelle Level

Front 20

"Power House" of cell.

Rod-shaped organelles within a cell, responsible for energy production. Also contain a small amount of DNA.

Back 20

MITO-chondria

Front 21

"Packaging" of the cells.

An organelle in the cytoplasm that packages proteins and carbohydrates into vesicles for export from the cell.

Back 21

GOLGI Apparatus

Front 22

The network of transport channels "HIGHWAYS".

An extensive network of fine parallel membranes interspersed throughout the cytoplasm of the cell, used for the transport

Back 22

Endo-PLASMIC Reticulum

Front 23

A level, Cells are the basic building blocks and specialized structure.

Back 23

Cellular Level

Front 24

A group of a great many similar cells that all developed together from the same part of the embryo and are all specialized to perform a certain function.

*4 Major Types*
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Back 24

Tissue Level

Front 25

A complex unit. A structure made up of several different kinds of tissues so arranged that together they can perform a special function.

*Example*
Heart, muscle and specialized connective tissues give it shape, specialized epithelial tissues line the cavities, or chambers, and the nervous tissues permit control of muscular contraction.

Back 25

Organ Level

Front 26

The most complex level, many organs arranged together so they can perform complex function for the body. There are *11 major systems for the human body.*

Back 26

System Level

Front 27

Contains the following:

*Thoracic Cavity*
Pleural Cavity-surrounds lungs
Mediastium-heart, trachea, right and left bronchi, esophagus, & thymus

*Abdominopelvic Cavity*
Abdominal Cavity-surrounds the digestive system.
Pelvic Cavity-Urinary & Genital area

Back 27

Ventral Cavity

Front 28

Contains the following:

Pleural Cavity-surrounds lungs
Mediastium-heart, trachea, right and left bronchi, esophagus, & thymus

Back 28

Thoracic Cavity

Front 29

Contains the following:

Abdominal Cavity-surrounds the digestive system.
Pelvic Cavity-Urinary & Genital area

Back 29

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Front 30

Contains the following:

Cranial Cavity: Brain
Spinal Cavity: Spinal Cord

Back 30

Dorsal Cavity

Front 31

The nine regions of the Abdominopelvic Cavity from top to bottom.

Back 31

1.Right Hypochondriac region
2.Epigastric region
3.Left Hypochondriac
4.Right lumbar region
5.Umbilical region
6.Left lumbar region
7.Right Iliac region
8.Hypogastric region
9.Left Iliac region

Front 32

Head, neck, torso, or trunk is called the what?

Back 32

Axial

Front 33

Upper and lower extremities and their connection to the axial portion of the body is called the what?

Back 33

Appendicular

Front 34

Above

Back 34

Superior

Front 35

Below

Back 35

Inferior

Front 36

Toward the belly

Back 36

Ventral

Front 37

In the front or frontal

Back 37

Anterior

Front 38

Backside

Back 38

Dorsal or Posterior

Front 39

The midline of the body

Back 39

Medial

Front 40

Toward the side of the body

Back 40

Lateral

Front 41

Toward or nearest the trunk

Back 41

Proximal

Front 42

Away from the trunk

Back 42

Distal

Front 43

Inside of the body

Back 43

Deep

Front 44

Outside the body

Back 44

Superficial

Front 45

Divides the body in half to right and left sides

Back 45

Sagittal

Front 46

Cuts the body in half from top to bottom (horizontal)

Back 46

Transverse Plane

Front 47

Cuts the body from frontside to backside

Back 47

Coronal or Frontal Plane

Front 48

A heavy rounded physique(pear or apple shaped)

Back 48

Endomorph

Front 49

The body tries to maintain balance within itself, stable internal enviroment despite external changes.

Back 49

Homeostasis

Front 50

A decrease in activity as the activity occurs.

Helps your body adjust to changes you cannot control or slows the change down.

Example:
Being cold outside your body works to keep your body warm or at your normal temperature.

Back 50

Negative Feedback

Front 51

An increase in activity as the activity occurs.

Helps your body adjust to changes you can control. Speeds up the change.

Example:
Running a marathon
your body is working to keep your body's temperature cool or your normal temperature.

Back 51

Positive Feedback

Front 52

The study of the occurrence, distribution, & transmission of diseases in human populations.

Back 52

Epidemiology