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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the functions of the nervous system? |
Sensory, Motor and Integration |
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What are the 3 types of functional neurons? |
sensory, integrate, and motor. or afferent, association and efferent |
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What are the 3 structural classification of neurons and where are they found? |
Multipolar (brain and spine), bipolar (eye only), Unipolar (sensory). |
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What are the two types of dendritic branching? |
Purkinje and pyramidal. |
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What is a nociceptor receptor? |
A pain sensory receptor for neurons. |
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What is a tactile receptor? |
A touch receptor for neurons. |
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What are neuroglia? |
The nurse of neurons. |
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What are the 4 types of neuroglia? |
CNS:Microglial cells, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and astrocytes. PNS:Schwann cells: myelin sheath satellite cells: act like astrocytes |
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What is the function of a microglial cell? |
Macrophages for nerves, phagocytosis |
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What si the function of an ependymal cell? |
from epithelium lining of nerves, for example in the ventricles. |
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What is the function of oligodendrocytes? |
myelin sheath in CNS. |
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What is the function of astrocytes? |
Create blood brain barrier and monitor everything else. |
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What causes depolarization in a neuron? |
The opening of Na+ channels in the soma after receiving a stimulus. |
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What is the voltage of neuron at resting potential? |
-70 millivolts |
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What is the threshold required for neuron to create an action potential? |
-55 millivolts |
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What ion brings the neuron back to resting potential after depolarization, repolarization? |
K+ ions out of the soma |
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What is a nuclei? |
A bunch of neurons in the brain or spine that perform a specific function. |
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What is the tube for neurons called in the Central Nervous System? |
A tract |
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What is the tube for neurons called in the peripheral nervous system? |
A nerve |
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How many types of stimulus can a dendrite pick up? |
only one type. |
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What is a ganglion? |
A collection of cell bodies outside the CNS. |
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What is a reflex? |
A fast predictable auto response. |
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What are the 4 parts of a reflex? |
1. receptor, 2. sensory neuron, 3. inter neuron, 4. motor neuron, 5. effector. |
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What cells create the myelin stealth in the PNS? |
Schwann cells. |
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What is saltatory conduction in neurons? |
Conduction from node to node of Ranvier (when the axon has a myelin stealth). |
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What does the synapse release? |
A neurotransmitter, usually ACh or norepinephrine. |
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What does integrate EPSPs do? |
Excites the neuron. |
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What does the integrate IPSPs do? |
Inhibit the neuron |
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What is the branching off a nerve in called? |
Rami |
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What are dermatomes? |
Its a map of the body on the skin to show where stimulating that part of the body will end up in the spinal cord. |
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What layer surrounds myelin in nerve cells that allow it to repair? |
Endoneurium |
