Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
preganglionic neuron
|
first neuron in the ANS pathway. Its cell body is in the brain or spinal cord
|
|
|
postganglionic neuron
|
second neuron in the ANS pathway. It extends from its cell body to effector (target) cells
|
|
|
thoracolumbar division
|
preganglionic neuron cell bodies are housed in lateral horn between T1 and L2 spinal segments
|
|
|
white rami
|
carry preganglionic sympathetic nerve cell processes of T1-L2 spinal nerves
|
|
|
gray rami
|
carry postganglionic sympathetic processes from the sympathetic trunk to the spinal nerve
|
|
|
splanchnic nerves
|
composed of preganglionic sympathetic axons that did not synapse in a sympathetic trunk ganglion
|
|
|
craniosacral division
|
preganglionic neurons aer housed within nuclei of the brainstem and within lateral gray regions of the S2-S4 spinal cord segments
|
|
|
Four cranial nerves of Parasympathetic Division
|
CN III - Oculomotor
CN VII - Facial CN IX - Glossopharyngeal CN X - Vagus |
|
|
Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)
|
postganglionic cell bodies are located in ciliary ganglion within the orbit
|
|
|
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Greater petrosal nerve |
terminates at the pterygopalatine ganglion
|
|
|
Facial Nerve (VII)
Chorda tympani |
terminates at the submandibular ganglion
postganglionic axons project to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands in the floor fo the mouth |
|
|
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)
|
preganglionic axons exit brainstem
preganglionic axons branch and synapse on postganglionic neurons in the otic ganglion |
|
|
Dual Innervation
|
many visceral effectors have dual innervation with innvervation by postganglionic axons from both ANS divisions
|
|
|
craniosacral division
|
parasympathetic division
|
|
|
fight-or-flight division
|
sympathetic division
|
|
|
network of pre- and postganglionic axons
|
autonomic plexus
|
|
|
hormone secreted by adrenal medulla
|
norepinephrine
|
|
|
controls entire ANS function
|
hypothalamus
|
|
|
lateral to spinal cord
|
sympathetic trunk ganglia
|
|
|
contains sympathetic postganglionic axons only
|
gray ramus
|
|
|
neurotransmitter for all preganglionic axons
|
acetylcholine
|
|
|
second ANS neuron
|
ganglionic neuron
|
|
|
preganglionic axons to prevertebral ganglia
|
splanchnic nerve
|
|
|
a splanchnic nerve in the sympathetic division of the ANS
a. connects neighboring sympathetic trunk ganlia b. controls parasympathetic functions in the thoracic cavity c. is formed by preganglionic axons that travel to prevertebral ganglia d. travels through parasympathetic pathways in the head |
C. is formed by preganglionic axons that travel to prevertebral ganglia
|
|
|
some parasympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies are housed within the
a. hypothalamus b. sacral region of the spinal cord c. cerebral cortex d. thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord |
B. sacral region of teh spinal cord
|
|
|
which of the following is not a function of the sympathetic division fo the ANS?
a. increases heart rate and breathing rate b. prepares for emergency c. increases digestive system motility and activity d. dilates pupils |
C. increases digestive system motility and activity
|
|
|
Postganglionic axons from the celiac ganglion innervate which of the following?
a. stomach b. urinary bladder c. lung d. adrenal medulla |
A. stomach
|
|
|
Sympathetic division splanchnic nerves end in the _____ ganglia, which are anterior to the vertebral column and aorta.
a. intramural b. sympathetic trunk c. prevertebral d. terminal |
C. prevertebral
|
|
|
All parasympathetic division synapses use _____ as a neurotransmitter.
a. dopamine b. norepinephrine c. acetylcholine d. epinephrine |
C. acetylcholine
|
|
|
which autonomic nerve plexus innervates the pelvic organs?
a. cardiac plexus b. esophageal plexus c. hypogastric plexus d. inferior mesenteric plexus |
C. hypogastric plexus
|
|
|
which of the following describes a sympathetic postganglionic axon?
a. long, unmyelinated axon b. short, myelinated axon c. short, unmyelinated axon d. long, myelinated axon |
A. long, unmyelinated axon
|
|
|
nerual crest cells form
a. the hypothalamus b. white rami communicantes c. autonomic ganglia d. autonomic reflex centers |
C. autonomic ganglia
|
|
|
All of the following cranial nerves carry parasympathetic preganglionic nerve axons except
a. CN III (oculomotor) b. CN V (trigeminal) c. CN IX (glossopharyngeal) d. CN X ( vagus) |
B. CN V ( trigeminal)
|
