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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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function of the ANS |
controls all other effectors (cardiac and smooth) |
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effectors of the ANS |
muscle, glands, involuntary muscles |
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components of visceral reflex arcs |
rapid, automatic, stereotyped responses to environment stimuli |
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three stages of a visceral reflex arc |
receptor to integrator to effector |
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fight, flight, or fright |
sympathetic |
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“housekeeping” division that is for resting and digesting or calming down after the affects of sympathetic division |
parasympathetic |
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both branches of ANS are active to some degree (both sympathetic and parasympathetic) |
autonomic tone |
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pathway in which effectors always have two neurons transferring messages with a synapse in between them |
two neuron pathway |
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3 differences between sympathetic (somatic) and parasympathetic (autonomic) nervous systems |
where paths leave the CNS, where the first neuron goes out, and where the second neuron goes out |
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the spinal cord region which the sympathetic nervous system arises from |
middle part of the spinal cord in the thoracic and lumbar region |
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supplemental spinal cords on each side of the cerebral column from cervical to coccygeal level |
sympathetic chain ganglia |
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1st neuron in sympathetic runs ____ and 2nd neuron runs _____ |
short, long |
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spinal cord region where parasympathetic nervous system arises |
end or on top of the spinal cord |
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where the first neuron goes all the way to the target organ and almost touches the effector |
terminal ganglia |
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parasympathetic’s 1st neuron runs _____ and the 2nd neuron runs ______ |
long, short |
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neuron in the parasympathetic organ that goes all the way down to the target organ |
preganglionic neuron |
before ganglion |
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neuron from the parasympathetic nervous system that is close to the effector but only goes short distance left to go |
postganglionic |
after ganglion |
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the enteric nervous system is located in the _____ system |
digestive |
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key difference in enteric nervous system from other nervous systems |
like the ANS, but doesn’t come out of brain or spinal cord, but is in the walls of the digestive tract |
100 million neurons where? |
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neurotransmitter released by post and preganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system |
ACh |
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two types of cholinergic receptors (receptors for ACh) |
muscarinic and nicotinic |
musc=fungus and nicotine |
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neurotransmitter in the sympathetic division |
norepinephrine |
NE |
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two types of adrenergic receptors (receptors of NE) |
a-adrenergic and b-andrenergic |
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when body parts are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic |
dual innervation |
antagonistic effect do balance each other out |
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the idea that ANS is not an independent nervous system and is greatly influenced by the CNS |
central control of autonomic function |
voluntary examples: anger releasing BP, fear increases HR) |
