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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 different cell types?
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Round, Columnar, and Cuboidal
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What are the properties of the Round Cell?
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Found in Red Blood Cells, not stable when connected to other round cells.
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What are the properties of the Columnar Cell?
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Usually found in long bones to provide structure.
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What are the properties of the Cuboidal Cell?
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Used for structure and stacking; also stores fat, carbs, protein, water, and waste materials. Found in bladder.
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What are semipermiable membranes?
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little gaps on cells edge to let certain things in at a given time.
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What is ATP?
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Energy
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What is Catabolism?
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breaking down
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What is anabalism?
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building up
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What is the body made up of?
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65% oxygen
18% carbon 10% oxygen 3%hydrogen |
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What do molecules usually look to attach to?
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H2O and CO2
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What are proteins?
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building blocks of structure. can be used as a last resource for fuel. also helps build tissue.made up of amino acids.
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What are Inorganic Compounds?
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not made naturally. comes from food or water.
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What is Hypotonic?
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dehydrated state. not enough water in cell to operate.
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What is Hypertonic?
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over-hydrated.
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What is the catalyst of the break-down of proteins into amino acids?
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Magnesium
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What do cells need to do to survive?
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need oxygen, also needs to excrete nitrogen, CO2, and H20
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Cells produce secretions for other cells to use.
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excrete into blood system for the other cells.
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cell must be able to respond to a stimuli in order for it to be active
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irritability
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what is conductivity?
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ability of a cell to spread a wave of excitation throughout the cell
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what is contractivity?
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ability of a cell to shorten up and return to normal state.
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what is cell division?
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the ability of a cell to reproduce
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What are examples of cell organelles?
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mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus
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What is the cell membrane?
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the wall of a cell, made up or protein
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What is passive transport?
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the functioning of transportation without the need of energy (ATP)
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What is active transport?
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needs presence of ATP to transport.
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what is filtration?
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the seperation of material out of the matrix
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what is osmosis?
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absorption
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what is diffusion?
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through the blood stream
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What are 3 types of passive transport?
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filtration-seperation out of matrix
osmosis-absorption diffusion-through the blood stream |
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What are 2 types of Active Transport?
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pinocytosis - cell drinking
phagocytosis - cell eating |
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what does extracellular fluid do?
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helps control movement of water and solutes throughout the body
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What is vascular?
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gets a direct supply of blood
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what is avascular?
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no blood supply
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what are the 4 types of tissue?
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epithelial
connective muscle nervous |
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what is simple?
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1 layer
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what is pseudostratified?
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looks like multiple layers
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what is stratified?
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multiple layers
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what is epithelial tissue?
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lines, protects, and covers areas of the body.
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what are the 6 types of epithelial tissue?
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simple squamous,simple cuboidal
simple columnar, pseudostratified, stratified squamous, transitional |
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what is simple squamous epithelial tissue?
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lines the blood vessels, single layer
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what is simple cuboidal epithelial tissue?
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1 layer of cuboidal cells. found in many glands, lines kidneys
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what is simple columnar epithelial tissue?
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1 layer of columnar cells, lines digestive tract, respiratory tract.
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what is pseudostratified epithelial tissue?
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looks like 2 layers, but really 1. looks deeper.
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what is stratified squamous epithelial tissue?
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multiple layers of flat cells. structure of back on vertebral column
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what is transitional epithelial tissue?
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changes shapes. used in organs that are subject to expansion/contraction. stomach, lungs, bladder.
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what is connective tissue?
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supports, protects, and connects other tissue throughout the body
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what are the 3 fibers in connective tissue?
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collagen, reticluar, and elastin
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what is collagen?
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strong flexible fiber, looks like inter-lacing fibers.
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what is reticular?
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thin fibers, form mesh-like pattern around cells
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what is elastin?
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elastic fibrocatrilage, branches freely, great degree of elasticity
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what are the 5 types of connective tissue?
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loose connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, dense regular connective tissue, elastic connective tissue, reticular connective tissue
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what is loose connective tissue?
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composed of mostly collagen fibers, found where we need insulation. protects kidneys.
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what is dense irregular connective tissue?
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not going to be a lot of space between cells, irregular means no patterning, fibers are intertwining, mostly protection: dermis of skin
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what is dense regular connective tissue?
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mostly collagen fibers, some elastin and reticular. 5 types:tendons, ligaments, aponerosis, membranes, fascia.
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what is elastic connective tissue?
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expands and contracts based on pressure, arteries, trachae, brachial tubes
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what is reticular connective tissue?
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anywhere we have to trap, mostly reticular fiber. found in liver, kidney spleen.
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what are tendons?
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connect muscle to bone
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what are ligaments?
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connect bone to bone
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what is aponerosis?
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long, flat tendons. create 1 origin point.
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what are membranes?
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protect internal organs
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what are fascia?
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sheets of fibers wrapped around muscle. bicep.
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What is cartilage?
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avascular membrane. provides interconnection between bone systems.
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what is hyalene?
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flexible supports, cushions end of long bones. blue/white appearance. connects ribs to sternum, most abundant type of cartilage.
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what is elastic(yellow)cartilage?
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provide elastic shape and support; outer ear, outer nose
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what is fibrocartilage?
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found in places subject to shock. knee joint, vertebrae.
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what are the 4 types of fibrocartilage?
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interaticular, connecting, circumferential, strataform.
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what is interraticular fibrocartilage?
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found between bones
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what is connecting fibrocartilage?
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found between slightly moveable bones (mandible)
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what is strataform fibrocartilage?
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coat osteo-surfaces. (ankle)
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what is circumferential fibrocartilage?
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covers circumference of connecting point.
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What is Bone?
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the supporting tissue of the skeleton, protects organs, stores calcium, allows body movement
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What is bone made of?
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osteocytes (bone cells)
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what is compact tissue?
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very rigid, protect, no movement. (skull)
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what is cancellous tissue?
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like a sponge. long bones.
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What are the 3 types of Muscle tissue?
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skeletal
smoothe cardiac |
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what is skeletal tissue?
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voluntary muscle. attached to bone by tendons.
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what is smoothe tissue?
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involuntary. veins.
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what is cardiac tissue?
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involuntary, found in heart.
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