Anatomy Cardiovascular System: Vessels And Circulation

Front 1

Match the 3 layers of a blood vessel to its description.
Inner, endothelium and internal elastic membrane –
Middle, smooth muscle –
Outer, connective tissue (mostly collagen) –

Back 1

Inner, endothelium and internal elastic membrane –Intima
Middle, smooth muscle – Media
Outer, connective tissue (mostly collagen) – Adventitia

Front 2

Our body has both local and sympathetic control over the diameter of our vessels. Match each term to its description.
Decrease in vessel diameter –
Increase in vessel diameter –

Back 2

Decrease in vessel diameter – Vasoconstriction
Increase in vessel diameter – Vasodilation

Front 3

Describe some of the differences between arteries and veins.

Back 3

*Arterial Walls are thicker
*Arteries appear smaller and round, and they contract when not under pressure
*Veins have Valves
*The thickest layer in veins is the adventitia

Front 4

Match the type of artery to its description and give an example.
Large, media dominated by elastic fibers, stretch under pressure –

Back 4

Elastic or Conducting Arteries (e.g.) aorta, pulmonary Trunk, common iliac, carotid, subclavian

Front 5

Match the type of artery to its description and give an example.
Thick media dominated by smooth muscle –

Back 5

Muscular Arteries (e.g.) Brachial, Femoral, Inferior and Superior Mesenteric

Front 6

Match the type of artery to its description and give an example.
Small, poorly defined adventitia and thin media –

Back 6

Arterioles
Distribute Blood to Capillaries

Front 7

What do we call the smallest, most delicate vessels that are involved in exchange between the blood supply and other areas?

Back 7

Capillaries

Front 8

Match the type of capillary with is basic description.
Most body regions, complete/tight endothelium –

Back 8

Continuous

Front 9

Match the type of capillary with is basic description.
Kidneys and endocrine glands, small pores –

Back 9

Fenestrated

Front 10

Match the type of capillary with is basic description.
Liver and bone marrow, large pores, may lack basal lamina –

Back 10

Sinusoids

Front 11

Veins lack blood pressure. How does venous blood return to the heart?
In most veins –
In the venae cavae –

Back 11

In most veins –skeletal muscle pump
In the venae cavae – Thoracoabdominal Pump (no valves)

Front 12

If we face serious blood loss our veins contract to reduce the volume of blood the hold so that it can be distributed to the arteries and capillaries. What do we call this blood supply?

Back 12

Venous Reserve

Front 13

We will only need to learn the names of a handful of veins because it is common for veins to travel alongside arteries and share their names. What do we call such an artery/vein pair?

Back 13

Companion vessels

Front 14

Outline blood flow in the pulmonary circuit beginning at the pulmonary semilunar valve and ending at the left atrium.

Back 14

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve to Pulmonary Trunk to Pulmonary Arteries to smaller branches to Capillary Networks on Alveoli to Venules to Pulmonary Veins to Left Atrium

Front 15

The systemic circuit begins as we pass through the aortic semilunar valve. Name the vessel portion of the vessel that leaves the left ventricle and the two arteries that branch off of it.

Back 15

*Ascending Aorta
*Left and Right Coronary Arteries

Front 16

Name the curved, superior section of the large vessel that leaves the left ventricle and the three major vessels that branch off of it in order from proximal (near the heart) to distal.

Back 16

*Aortic Arch
*Brachiocephalic Trunk
*Left Common Carotid
*Left subclavian Artery

Front 17

The brachiocephalic trunk (like other trunks) only goes a short distance before bifurcating (forming two branches). What are the two branches?

Back 17

*Right Common Carotid Artery
*Right Subclavian Artery

Front 18

What section of the vessel that leaves the left ventricle runs from approximately T5 to where it penetrates the diaphragm and supplies arteries such as the bronchial and esophageal arteries that bear the name of the structures they supply?

Back 18

Thoracic Aorta

Front 19

What section of the vessel that leaves the left ventricle runs retroperitoneal from the diaphragm down to L4 where it bifurcates and into what two vessels does it bifurcate?

Back 19

Abdominal Aorta
Left and Right Common Iliac Arteries

Front 20

What vessel returns blood from the head, arms, and thorax to the heart?

Back 20

Superior Vena Cava

Front 21

What 3 (main) vessels converge to form the superior vena cava? Match each to its description.
Drains the head and arm, each side – L & R
Drains majority of thorax –

Back 21

Drains the head and arm, each side – L & R Brachiocephalic Veins
Drains majority of thorax – Azygos Vein

Front 22

What two (main) vessels converge to form the brachiocephalic veins? Match each to its description.
Drains arm (plus vertebral a and ext jugular) –
Drains the majority of the cranium –

Back 22

Drains arm (plus vertebral a and ext jugular) – Subclavian Vein
Drains the majority of the cranium – Internal Jugular Vein

Front 23

What vessel returns blood from the lower limbs and abdomen to the heart?

Back 23

Inferior Vena Cava

Front 24

What 2 vessels converge to form the inferior vena cava and from what vessels do they arise? Match the tributaries to their descriptions.
L & R –
Drains the lower limb –
Drains the pelvis –

Back 24

L & R –Common Iliac Veins
Drains the lower limb – External Iliac Veins
Drains the pelvis – Internal Iliac Vein

Front 25

Match the 3 unpaired arteries, and their branches, that arise from the anterior side of the abdominal aorta to their descriptions (major vessels listed from superior to inferior).
Short, supplies the liver, spleen, and digestive tract –
Supplies the majority of the intestines –
Supplies the distal colon and rectum –

Back 25

Short, supplies the liver, spleen, and digestive tract –Celiac Trunk
Supplies the majority of the intestines – Superior Mesenteric Artery
Supplies the distal colon and rectum – Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Front 26

Name the 3 Branches of the Celiac Trunk
Supplies stomach and inferior esophagus –
Supplies spleen and pancreas –
Supplies liver, gallbladder, and stomach –

Back 26

Supplies stomach and inferior esophagus – Left Gastric Artery
Supplies spleen and pancreas – Splenic Artery
Supplies liver, gallbladder, and stomach – Common Hepatic Artery

Front 27

Match the important lateral, paired arteries of the abdominal aorta to their descriptions.
Large, supply the kidneys –
Small, supply the gonads –
These have separate names in males – and females –

Back 27

Large, supply the kidneys – Renal Arteries
Small, supply the gonads – Gonadal Arteries
These have separate names in males – Testicular Arteries and females – Ovarian Arteries

Front 28

Blood from the digestive tract, pancreas, and spleen does not drain directly into the inferior vena cava but instead flows into a second set of capillaries (sinusoids) in the liver where the venous blood mixes with arterial blood before returning to the inferior vena cava. What is the name of this network of vessels that drain this region?

Back 28

Hepatic Portal System

Front 29

What vessel drains the digestive tract, pancreas, and spleen into the liver and what are its 3 tributaries? Match the tributaries to their descriptions.
Drains the distal colon and rectum –
Drains the spleen and pancreas –
Drains the majority of the intestine and stomach –

Back 29

Hepatic Portal Vein
Drains the distal colon and rectum –Inferior Mesenteric Vein
Drains the spleen and pancreas – Splenic Vein
Drains the majority of the intestine and stomach – Superior Mesenteric Vein

Front 30

What vessels drain the liver into the inferior vena cava?

Back 30

Hepatic Veins

Front 31

Explain the differences between the venous drainage of the renal and gonadal veins on left and right sides of the body in light of the position of the inferior vena cava.
Renal –
Gonadal –

Back 31

Renal –Left is Longer (bigger in diameter)
Gonadal –Left drains into left renal not Inferior Vena Cava, Right drains directly into IVC

Front 32

What vessel (from aortic arch or brachiocephalic trunk) provides blood to the cranium and face?

Back 32

Common Carotid Artery

Front 33

The Common Carotid Artery bifurcates near the larynx. What are the names of the two branches formed at this bifurcation and what is the name of the receptor-containing enlargement at the base of one of them. Match each to its description.
Supplies the brain –
Conntains baroreceptors and chemoreceptors –
Supplies the neck (esophagus, larynx) and face –

Back 33

Supplies the brain – Internal Carotid Artery
Conntains baroreceptors and chemoreceptors – Carotid Sinus
Supplies the neck (esophagus, larynx) and face – External Carotid

Front 34

What branch of the subclavian artery travels through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae to supply the brain?

Back 34

Vertebral Artery

Front 35

Two pairs of vessels (the internal carotid artery and the vertebral arteries) approach the brain from below and join together through a set of arteries to provide collateral circulation. What do we call this arterial network?

Back 35

Cerebral Arterial Circle

Front 36

Match the arteries of the cerebral arterial circle to their descriptions
Forms from convergence of vertebral arteries –

Back 36

Basilar Artery

Front 37

Match the arteries of the cerebral arterial circle to their descriptions
From internal carotid, supplies anterior brain –

Back 37

Anterior Cerebral Arteries

Front 38

Match the arteries of the cerebral arterial circle to their descriptions
Connects anterior cerebral arteries –

Back 38

Anterior Communicating Artery

Front 39

Match the arteries of the cerebral arterial circle to their descriptions
From internal carotid, supplies midbrain/lateral brain –

Back 39

Middle Cerebral Arteries

Front 40

Match the arteries of the cerebral arterial circle to their descriptions
Bifurcation of basilar artery, supplies posterior brain –

Back 40

Posterior Cerebral Arteries

Front 41

Match the arteries of the cerebral arterial circle to their descriptions.
Connects internal carotid to posterior cerebral –

Back 41

Posterior Communicating Arteries

Front 42

What large, deep vessel collects blood from the dural venous sinuses and veins of the face to drain the majority of the blood from the head?

Back 42

Internal Jugular Vein

Front 43

What superficial vessel drains much of the blood from the face and neck into the subclavian vein?

Back 43

External Jugular Vein

Front 44

What large artery supplies blood to the upper limb as well as the brain and anterior thorax?

Back 44

Subclavian Artery

Front 45

Match the artery that arises from the Subclavian Artery to its description
1st rib to arm, supplies shoulder, axilla, and pectoral region –

Back 45

Axillary Artery

Front 46

Match the artery that arises from the Subclavian Artery to its description
Medial humerus, supplies upper arm –

Back 46

Brachial Artery

Front 47

Match the artery that arises from the Subclavian Artery to its description
Bifurcation of brachial, supplies lateral forearm–

Back 47

Radial Artery

Front 48

Match the artery that arises from the Subclavian Artery to its description
Bifurcation of brachial, supplies medial forearm –

Back 48

Ulnar Artery

Front 49

What are the three basic components of the blood flow in the hand?

Back 49

*Superficial and Deep Palmar Arches
*Digital Arteries

Front 50

Match the major superficial vessels of the venous drainage system of the upper limb to their descriptions
Lateral forearm to shoulder, (draining into axillary v.) –

Back 50

Cephalic Vein

Front 51

Match the major superficial vessels of the venous drainage system of the upper limb to their descriptions
Medial forearm to axilla, (joining brachial v. to form axillary v.) –

Back 51

Basilic Vein

Front 52

Match the major superficial vessels of the venous drainage system of the upper limb to their descriptions
Joins cephalic and basilic veins in antecubital fossa –

Back 52

Median Cubital Vein

Front 53

What large artery supplies blood to the lower limb changing its name as it passes deep to the inguinal ligament?

Back 53

External Common Iliac

Front 54

Match the arteries that arise from the External Common Iliac to their descriptions.
Anteromedial thigh from inguinal ligament to hiatus in adductor magnus –

Back 54

Femoral Artery

Front 55

Match the arteries that arise from the External Common Iliac to their descriptions.
Posterior thigh, supplies the deep muscles of the thigh –

Back 55

Deep Femoral Artery

Front 56

Match the arteries that arise from the External Common Iliac to their descriptions.
Back of the knee, bifurcates to supply leg –

Back 56

Popliteal Artery

Front 57

Match the arteries that arise from the External Common Iliac to their descriptions.
Bifurcation of popliteal, supplies posterior compartment –

Back 57

Posterior Tibial Artery (bigger than anterior)

Front 58

Match the arteries that arise from the External Common Iliac to their descriptions.
Bifurcation of popliteal, supplies anterior compartment –

Back 58

Anterior Tibial Artery

Front 59

Match the arteries that arise from the External Common Iliac to their descriptions.
Branch of posterior tibial, supplies lateral compartment –

Back 59

Fibular Artery

Front 60

Match the two major superficial vessels of the lower limb to their descriptions.
Lateral arch of foot to back of knee (popliteal vein) –
Medial arch of foot to medial thigh (femoral vein) –

Back 60

Lateral arch of foot to back of knee (popliteal vein) – Small Saphenous Vein
Medial arch of foot to medial thigh (femoral vein) – Great Saphenous Vein

Front 61

The umbilical cord contains 3 vessels. Match the vessel and quantities to their descriptions.
Returns blood from placenta to fetus –
Carries blood from fetus to placenta –

Back 61

Returns blood from placenta to fetus –Umbilical Vein (only one)
Carries blood from fetus to placenta – Umbilical Arteries (two) which arise from internal iliac arteries