Anatomy, Block 1: Deep Back Muscles

Front 1

Each somite differentiates into what 4 things?

Back 1

1. Epimere (intrinsic back, dorsal rami)
2. Hypomere (extrinsic back, ventral)
3. Sclerotome (vertebral column)
3. Dermatome (skin)

Front 2

The dorsal roots of spinal nerves are (motor/sensory/afferent/efferent)

Back 2

sensory (afferent)

"a" in spanish means "to," as in "to the spinal cord"

Front 3

The ventral roots of spinal nerves are (motor/sensory/afferent/efferent)

Back 3

motor (efferent)

"e"--think away from spinal cord

Front 4

T or F. The ventral root cell bodies are found in a ganglion.

Back 4

False. Only the dorsal root cell bodies are found in a ganglion.

Front 5

The ventral rami of spinal nerves usually form _________________.

Back 5

plexuses and intercostal nerves

Front 6

The main purpose of the segmental muscles (very deep back) is

Back 6

proprioception...not meant so much for movement

Front 7

The big fascia that covers the majority of the deep back muscles is called the

Back 7

thoracolumbar fascia

Front 8

The spinotranversales muscles include:

Back 8

1. splenius capitis
2. splenius cervicis

Front 9

The superficial muscles of the deep back, the spinotranversales, act to...

Back 9

acting unilaterally, they laterally rotate/bend the head to the ipsilateral side

acting bilaterally, they extend the head and neck

Front 10

The superficial muscles of the deep back are called the

Back 10

spinotranversales

Front 11

The splenius capitis muscle originates from the ______________ and inserts into the ______________.

Back 11

-SPINOUS processes of CERVICAL vertebrae and ligamentum nuchae

-mastoid process/superior nuchal line of skull

Front 12

The splenius capitis is innervated by...

Back 12

dorsal rami of C4-C8 spinal nerves

Front 13

The splenius cervicis muscle originates from the ______________ and inserts into the _____________.

Back 13

-SPINOUS processes of THORACIC vertebrae
-TRANSVERSE processes of CERVICAL vertebrae

Front 14

The splenius cervicis muscle is innervated by...

Back 14

dorsal rami of C4-C8 spinal nerves (same as splenius capitis)

Front 15

The spinotranversales muscles, the superficial muscles of the deep back, are all innervated by the

Back 15

dorsal rami of C4-C8 spinal nerves

Front 16

The erector spinae muscles include

Back 16

I Love Spaghetti

Illiocostalis

Longissimus

Spinalis

Front 17

The primary extensors of the vertebral column and head are the...

Back 17

erector spinae muscles

Front 18

When acting unilaterally, the erector spinae muscles bend the vertebral column in what way? Bilaterally?

Back 18

-unilaterally: to the ipsilateral side

-bilaterally: extension

Front 19

The illiocostalis muscle (with its cervicis, thoracis and lumborum segments) attaches to what part of the vertebrae?

Back 19

transverse processes

Front 20

What nerves innervate the illiocostalis muscle?

Back 20

the dorsal primary rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 21

What is the blood supply for the illiocostalis and longissimus?

Back 21

posterior intercostal arteries (posterior because it's @ the back on the posterior ribs)

Front 22

In addition to the transverse vertebrae, the illiocostalis and longissimus muscles attach onto the...

Back 22

ribs

Front 23

The superficial and intermediate layer muscles of the deep back always cause what kind of movement?

Back 23

ipsilateral when acting unilaterally

Front 24

Longissimus muscle is classified into what 3 things based on their positions on the spinal cord?

Back 24

cervicis, CAPITIS, lumborum

Front 25

Iliocostalis muscle is classified into what 3 things based on their positions on the spinal cord?

Back 25

cervicis, thoracis, lumborum

Front 26

Spinalis muscle is classified into what 3 things based on their positions on the spinal cord?

Back 26

CAPITIS, cervicis, and thoracis

Front 27

The spinalis muscle attaches from ___________ of one vertebrae to the _________ of another vertebrae.

Back 27

-spinous process

-spinous process

Front 28

The erector spinae muscles (intermediate layer) are all innervated by what nerves?

Back 28

dorsal primary rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (depending on where in the spinal column you look)

Front 29

The erector spinae muscles (intermediate layer) are all supplied by what arteries?

Back 29

posterior intercostal arteries

Front 30

The transversospinales muscles include which muscles?

Back 30

-semispinalis

-multifidus

-rotatores

Front 31

The transversospinales muscles run from the ______ process of one vertebrae to the ______ process of another vertebrae, causing ________ movement.

Back 31

-transverse

-spinous

-contralateral

Front 32

The semispinalis muscle spans ________ vertebral segments.

Back 32

4 to 6

Front 33

The multifidus muscle spans ______ vertebral segments.

Back 33

2 to 4

Front 34

The rotatores spans _____ vertebral segments.

Back 34

1 to 2. shortest one

Front 35

The transversospinales muscles are all innervated by

Back 35

the dorsal primary rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 36

The transversospinales muscles are all supplied by which arteries?

Back 36

posterior intercostal arteries

Front 37

The rotatores are best developed in the

Back 37

thoracic region

Front 38

The semispinalis are best developed in the

Back 38

cervical region

Front 39

The multifidus are best developed in the

Back 39

lumbar region

Front 40

The segmental muscles include...

Back 40

interspinalis

intertranversarii

levatores costarum

Front 41

The main purpose of the segmental muscles isn't movement--it's _______________

Back 41

proprioception

Front 42

In contrast to the other segmental muscles, the intertransversarii muscles are innervated by....

Back 42

both ventral and dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Front 43

The levatores costarum are innervated by the...

Back 43

dorsal rami of spinal nerves C8-T11

Front 44

austere

Back 44

forbiddingly stern; severely simple and unornamented; stern and cold in appearance or manner

Front 45

The segmental muscles are all supplied by what arteries?

Back 45

posterior intercostal arteries

Front 46

If a pt is having difficulty with proprioception of the vertebral column, what deficiencies can one expect to find?

Back 46

1. lacerated segmental muscles
2. deficient dorsal rami of spinal nerves
3. deficient posterior intercostal arteries