Anatomy: Back/suboccipital Triangle/vertebral Column

Front 1

Trapezius:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 1

Origin: Nuchal Line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of 7th cervical vertebae, 12 thoacic vertebrae
Insertion: lateral 3rd of clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
Nerve: Spinal Accessory Nerve

Front 2

Latissimus Dorsi:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 2

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, Spinous processes of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, 3-4 rib, iliac crest
Insertion: Intertuberacle groove of Humerus, lower border of teres major
Nerve: Thoradorsal Nerve
Action: Extension, Medially Rotates, Adduction

Front 3

Rhomboid Major:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 3

Origin: spinous process of T2-5
Insertion: Medial border of the scapula
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Action: retract scapula, rotates to depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall

Front 4

Rhomboid MInor:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 4

Origin: ligamentum nuchae/spinous processes of C7-T1
Insertion: Medial boder of the scapula
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Action: retract scapula, rotates to depress glenoid cavity, fix scapula to thoracic wall

Front 5

Levator Scapulae:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 5

Origin: C1-C4 Transverse Process
Insertion: Superior/Medial Angle of Scapula
Nerve: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Action: Elevates the superior angle of the scapula, and draws it medially; rotates the scapula so glenoid cavity is tilted inferiorly

Front 6

Serratus Posterior Superior:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 6

Origin: ligmentum nuchae and spinous processes of the C7-T3 vertebrae
Insertion: 2nd to 5th ribs
Nerve: Ventral Rami of T1-4 Spinal nerves
Action: elevates the ribs

Front 7

Serratus Posterior Inferior:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 7

Origin: spinous porcesses of T11-L2 Vertebrae
Insertion: 4 flat digitations that insert into the inferior borders of the last 4 ribs
Nerve: Ventral Rami of T9-T12 spinal nerves
Action: Pulls ribs outward and downward, counteracting the inward pull of the diaphragm

Front 8

Splenius Capitis:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 8

Origin: ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae
Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone and lateral 3rd of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Nerve: Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves
Action: Extend the neck and head, Both unilaterally, laterally bend the head and neck to the side of the contraction

Front 9

Splenius Cervicis:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 9

Origin: Ligmentum nuchae and spinous processes of the C6--T6 vertebrae
Insertion: posterior tuberacles of transverse processe of the C1-3 vertebrae
Nerve: Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves
Action: extend the neck and head, working with capitis-laterally bend the head and neck to side of the contraction

Front 10

Semispinalis Capitis:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 10

Origin: transverse processes of the first 6 or 7 thoracic vertebrae and 7th cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Between superior/inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone
Nerve: Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves
Action: Extends the head and rotates so face turns toward opposite side

Front 11

Erector Spinae Muscles (3):

*Hint- I <3 spaghetti!

Nerve?

Back 11

iliocostalis
longissimus
Spinalis

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerve

Front 12

Suboccipital Triangle Muscles (4):

Back 12

Obiquus Capitis Superior (Vertical)
Obliquus Capitis Inferior (Horizontal)
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor (Superior to Major-more medially located)

Front 13

Suboccipital Triangle:

Nerve?
Artery?

Back 13

Suboccipital Nerve

Vertebral Artery

Front 14

Obliquus Capitis Superior:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 14

Origin: Transverse process of the atlas
Insertion: occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines
Nerve: Suboccipital Nerve
Action: Extends the head and bends it laterally

Front 15

Obliquus Capitis Inferior:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 15

Origin: Spinous process of the axis
Insertion: inferior/dorsal portions of transverse process of the atlas
Nerve: Suboccipital Nerve
Action: Rotates the atlas, turning face toward the same side

Front 16

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 16

Origin: Spinous process of C2
Insertion: Lateral Part of Occipital Bone
Nerve: Suboccipital nerve
Action: extends the head, and rotates it to the same side

Front 17

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor:

Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Action

Back 17

Origin: Posterior Tuberacle of C1
Insertion: Medial Part of Occipital Bone
Nerve: Suboccipital nerve
Action: extends the head

Front 18

Upper Trapezius or Descending Trapezius Action:

Back 18

Shrug

Front 19

Mid Trapezius Action:

Back 19

Retraction

Front 20

Lower Trapezius or Ascending Trapezius Action:

Back 20

Depression

Front 21

Triangle of Asculation:

Back 21

Lateral Border Trapezius
Superior Of Lats
Inferior to Rhomboids

Front 22

Differences in Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar Vertebrae:

How many at each level?

Back 22

Cervical (7)-mice, foramen transversarium only here
Thoracic (12)- giraffe; body heart shaped
Lumbar(5)- moose

Front 23

Sacrum:

Label the Pic on Back Side

Back 23

Sacral Canal
Promontory
Hiatus
Body
Anterior/Posterior Sacral Foramina

Front 24

Coccyx:

Back 24

Attached to Sacrum has 1-4 segments

Front 25

Atlas C1:

Whats 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11?

Back 25

2. Anterior Arch
7. Groove for the Vertebral Artery
8. Posterior Tubercle
9. Posterior Arch
10. Foramen Transversarium
11. Transverse Process

Front 26

Axis C2:

Whats 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6?

Back 26

1. Transverse Process
2. Superior Articular Facets
3. Dens
4. Inferior Articular Facets
5. Lamina
6. Spinous Process

Body is inferior to the Dens.

Front 27

Transversospinalis (3 muscles):

Back 27

1. Rotatores
2. Multifudius
3. Semispinalis

**Help with minor postural movements with extension

Front 28

Concepts and where this ligament would run:

Nuchal Ligament

Back 28

Run from Inion to C7 (Saggittal Plane-Vertical)

Filler Ligament

Front 29

Concepts and where this ligament would run:

Supraspinous Ligament

Back 29

Along the Spinous Processes throughout the whole vertebral column

Front 30

Concepts and where this ligament would run:

Interspinous Ligaments

Back 30

Located inferiorly of the spinous processes (Transverse Plane-horizontal)

Front 31

Concepts and where this ligament would run:

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Back 31

Located Anterior Side of the Vertebrae

Front 32

Concepts and where this ligament would run:

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Back 32

Located Posterior Side of the Body of the Vertebrae

Front 33

Concepts and where this ligament would run:

Ligamentum Flavum

Back 33

Anterior Side of the Spinous Process throughout the vertebral column

Front 34

Compare the Difference between each vertebrae.

Back 34

Cervical: Only have transverse foramen, Mice Shaped

Thoracic: Superior Articular Processes are facing posteriorly, Body is heart shaped, Giraffe Shaped

Lumbar: Superior Articular Processes face each other, HUGE body, Moose Shaped

Front 35

Label the Vertebrae.

Which Vertebrae is it?

Back 35

Thoracic Vertebrae