Anatomy And Physiology Terms

Front 1

adipose

Back 1

fatty tissue

Front 2

apocrine

Back 2

relating to sweat glands; the cells seperate and become part of the secretion

Front 3

collagen

Back 3

a major protein within the body

Front 4

cutaneous

Back 4

relating to the skin

Front 5

dermatology

Back 5

the study of skin and its appendages

Front 6

dermis
dermal

Back 6

the skin

Front 7

epidermis
epidermal

Back 7

the uppermost layer of skin

Front 8

follicle
follicular

Back 8

a spherical portion of cells that form a cavity

Front 9

integumentary

Back 9

body's covering, includes the skin, hair and nails

Front 10

keratin

Back 10

the protein present in hair and nails

Front 11

lanugo

Back 11

the fine, downy hair covering the fetus from the end of the first trimester

Front 12

lunula

Back 12

the crescent-shaped white area at the proximal end of the nail

Front 13

melanin

Back 13

the pigment within the skin

Front 14

melanocyte

Back 14

the pigment-producing cells within the skin

Front 15

Mongolian spot

Back 15

a variation of pigment often found on the sacrum and buttocks of African-Americans, Asians, Native Americans adn Latinos

Front 16

nevus

Back 16

a circumscribed, hyperpigmented area of the skin caused by a local overgrowth of melanin-forming cells

Front 17

sebaceous gland

Back 17

gland that produces oily secretion

Front 18

sebum

Back 18

the secretion of the sebaceous glands

Front 19

shaft (hair)

Back 19

the portion of hair that protrudes above the skin

Front 20

stratum corneum

Back 20

the outer layer of skin

Front 21

stratum germinativum

Back 21

the layer of skin that produces new cells

Front 22

subcutaneous

Back 22

beneath the skin

Front 23

amphiarthrosis

Back 23

a fibrocartilaginous joining of two bones

Front 24

articular cartilage

Back 24

the firm connective tissue that surrounds a joint

Front 25

bone marrow

Back 25

gritty, fatty substance that produces blood cells

Front 26

bursa

Back 26

a closed sac containing synovial fluid found in areas of the most friction

Front 27

carpal

Back 27

relating to the wrist bones

Front 28

chiropractic

Back 28

practice that uses the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and the functions of the body to restore health

Front 29

chondrocyte

Back 29

a cartilage cell within the matrix of cartilage

Front 30

diaphysis
diaphyses

Back 30

shaft of the bone

Front 31

diarthrosis
diarthroses

Back 31

synovial joint

Front 32

endochondral

Back 32

within the cartilage

Front 33

epiphysis
epiphyses

Back 33

area of the long bone where growth takes place

Front 34

femur
femoral

Back 34

thigh bone

Front 35

humerus
humoral

Back 35

bone in the arm between the shoulder and elbow

Front 36

joint

Back 36

area that connects two bones

Front 37

joint capsule

Back 37

area surrounding the joint that provides the fluid for movement and acts as a shock absorber

Front 38

ligament

Back 38

band of strong, fibrous tissue that connects the bones and provides support

Front 39

medullary cavity

Back 39

area inside bone that contains bone marrow

Front 40

orthopedics
orthopedist

Back 40

medical practice concerned with the form and function of the musculoskeletal system

Front 41

osteoblast

Back 41

young bone cell that produces bone

Front 42

osteoclast

Back 42

cell that resorbs bone to help shape new bone

Front 43

osteocyte

Back 43

bone cell

Front 44

periosteum

Back 44

outer covering of bone

Front 45

rheumatology
rheumatologist
rheumatoid
rheumatic

Back 45

study of conditions related to musculoskeletal movement

Front 46

sternum

Back 46

chest bone

Front 47

synarthrosis
synarthroses

Back 47

fibrous joint

Front 48

synovial fluid

Back 48

fluid that bathes the joints to prevent friction

Front 49

vertebra
vertebrae

Back 49

bone of the spine

Front 50

homeostasis

Back 50

state of equilibrium among the body systems

Front 51

involuntary muscle

Back 51

muscle that cannot be controlled by the person; smooth muscle

Front 52

ligament

Back 52

band of fibrous tissue connecting two or more bones

Front 53

skeletal muscle

Back 53

striated muscle fibers connected to the bones of the body; voluntary muscle

Front 54

smooth muscle

Back 54

muscle fibers of the internal organs; involuntary muscle

Front 55

striated muscle

Back 55

voluntary skeletal muscle with cross fibers

Front 56

voluntary muscle

Back 56

muscle that can be controlled (moved) by the person

Front 57

accommodation

Back 57

ability to focus and see

Front 58

aqueous humor

Back 58

watery fluid in front of the lens

Front 59

conjunctiva
conjunctivas

Back 59

mucous membrane lining the inner eyelids

Front 60

cornea
corneal

Back 60

outer portion of the eye thru which ligh passes to the retina

Front 61

intraocular

Back 61

within the eye

Front 62

iris

Back 62

colored portion of the eye

Front 63

lacrimal

Back 63

pertaining to tears

Front 64

nasolacrimal

Back 64

petaining to the nasal and lacrimal bones or ducts

Front 65

ophthalmologist
ophthalmology
ophthalmologic

Back 65

physician specializing in
diseases of the eye

Front 66

ophthalmoscope
ophthalmoscopy
ophthalmoscopic

Back 66

instrument to view the eye

Front 67

ophthalmus
ophthalmic

Back 67

eye

Front 68

optic
optical

Back 68

pertaining to the eye or sight

Front 69

optometrist

Back 69

professional who tests visual acuity and prescribes corrective lenses

Front 70

presbyopia

Back 70

farsightedness due to aging

Front 71

sclera

Back 71

outer, dense, fibrous, opaque white layer of the eye

Front 72

vitreous humor

Back 72

jellylike fluid behind the lens

Front 73

acoustic

Back 73

sound

Front 74

auditory

Back 74

hearing

Front 75

aural

Back 75

relating to the ear

Front 76

auricle
auricular

Back 76

external ear

Front 77

cerumen

Back 77

earwax

Front 78

cochlea

Back 78

spiral-shaped structure within the ear

Front 79

eustachian tube

Back 79

passageway leading from the middle ear to the nasopharynx

Front 80

fenestra ovalis

Back 80

oval opening between the middle ear and the vestibule

Front 81

incus

Back 81

anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear

Front 82

malleus

Back 82

bone of the middle ear

Front 83

otoscope
otoscopy

Back 83

instrument for examining the eardrum

Front 84

periauricular

Back 84

surrounding the ear

Front 85

pinna

Back 85

the external ear

Front 86

stapes

Back 86

small bone of the middle ear

Front 87

tympanic membrane

Back 87

eardrum

Front 88

alveoli
alveolar

Back 88

grapelike portion at the terminal end of the bronchial tree; area where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

Front 89

bronchus
bronchi
bronchial

Back 89

section of the respiratory tract formed from the trachea; it branches into right and left sections

Front 90

bronchial tree

Back 90

portion of the lower respiratory tract that looks like a tree, consisting of the two primary bronchi, like the truck of the tree; the bronchioles, like branches and the alveoli, like leaves

Front 91

bronchiole
bronchioli

Back 91

subdivision of the bronchi

Front 92

carbon dioxide

Back 92

gas molecule removed from teh body by the process of respiration

Front 93

cilia
cilium

Back 93

hairlike structures that line certain structures within the body to move substances; cilia moves foreign substances up and toward the outside

Front 94

epiglottis

Back 94

elastic like cartilage that acts as a valve over the top of the larynx to prevent food from being aspirated into the trachea during swallowing

Front 95

esophagus

Back 95

structure between the pharynx and the stomach

Front 96

expiration

Back 96

process of breathing out; exhalation

Front 97

inspiration

Back 97

process of breathing in; inhalation

Front 98

laryngopharynx

Back 98

area of the pharynx above the opening of the larynx

Front 99

larynx

Back 99

area of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and trachea; contains the vocal cords

Front 100

naris
nares

Back 100

opening of the nose; nostril

Front 101

nasal septum

Back 101

separation of the nasal cavity

Front 102

nasopharynx

Back 102

part of the pharynx located above the soft palate that opens into the nasal cavity and connects with the oropharynx

Front 103

olfactory

Back 103

relating to smell

Front 104

oropharynx

Back 104

area of the pharynx behind the mouth that joins the nasopharynx

Front 105

paranasal sinuses

Back 105

cavities in the head that surround the nose; they lighten the weight of the skull

Front 106

pharynx

Back 106

area between the mouth and nasal cavities and the esophagus; the throat

Front 107

pleura

Back 107

membrane surrounding the lungs

Front 108

pulmonology

Back 108

relating to the lungs; study of the lungs

Front 109

respiration
respiratory

Back 109

process of breathing

Front 110

surfactant

Back 110

substance secreted into the alveoli to decrease surface tension

Front 111

thoracic cavity

Back 111

chest cavity

Front 112

trachea

Back 112

air tube that leads from the larynx into the chest