Anatomy And Physiology Midterm Dr Sullivan

Front 1

osteoblast

Back 1

produce bone

Front 2

osteoclast

Back 2

destroy bone cells

Front 3

osteocytes

Back 3

mature bone cells
maintain health and fx of bone

Front 4

osteogenic cells

Back 4

produce osteoblasts

Front 5

long bones

Back 5

greater in length than width
femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius, phalanges

Front 6

short bones

Back 6

cube shaped
carpals, tarsals

Front 7

flat bones

Back 7

thin with a surface for muscle attachment
cranial bones, sternum, ribs, scapulae

Front 8

irregular bones

Back 8

complex shapes
vertebrae, some facial bones

Front 9

sutural bones

Back 9

small bones between joints of cranial bones

Front 10

sesamoid bones

Back 10

develop in tendons where friction is considerable
patella

Front 11

diaphysis

Back 11

shaft of long bone

Front 12

epiphysis

Back 12

end of long bone

Front 13

metaphysis

Back 13

'growth zone' between diaphysis and epiphysis during bone development

Front 14

articular cartilage

Back 14

thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering epiphysis where bone articulates with another.

Front 15

periosteum

Back 15

covers bone wherever articular cartilage is not

Front 16

medullary cavity

Back 16

space within diaphysis that contains fatty yellow marrow in adults

Front 17

kyphotic curve

Back 17

thoracic and sacral
apex of curve is posterior

Front 18

lordotic curve

Back 18

cervical and lumbar
apex of curve is anterior

Front 19

true ribs

Back 19

1st 7 ribs

Front 20

false ribs

Back 20

ribs #8 - 12

Front 21

floating ribs

Back 21

# 11 and 12
only connect to vertebrae, have no costal cartilage

Front 22

pectoral girdle

Back 22

shoulder girdle
attaches bones of upper limbs to axial skeleton
-includes clavicle, scapula

Front 23

coronal suture

Back 23

connects frontal and parietal

Front 24

saggital suture

Back 24

connects 2 parietal bones

Front 25

lambdoid suture

Back 25

connects parietal and occipital

Front 26

squamous suture

Back 26

connects parietal and temporal

Front 27

pelvic girdle

Back 27

2 hip bones (coxal bones) articulate with sacrum and coccyx

Front 28

structural classifications of joints

Back 28

fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial

Front 29

fibrous joints

Back 29

bones held together by fibrous CT
-sutures
-syndemoses, between tibia and fibula
-gomphoses, between tooth and socket

Front 30

cartilaginous joints

Back 30

bones held together by cartilage
-synchondroses, the epiphyseal plate on long bones
-symphysis, pubic

Front 31

synovial joints

Back 31

presence of a synovial fluid cavity

Front 32

6 types of synovial joint

Back 32

planar
hinge
pivot
condyloid
saddle
ball and socket

Front 33

planar joint

Back 33

synovial
-sternum and clavicle
-intercarpal and tarsal
-acromioclavicular

Front 34

hinge joints

Back 34

synovial
-knee
-elbow
-ankle
-interphalangeal

Front 35

pivot joints

Back 35

synovial
-atlas axis joint
-radioulnar joint

Front 36

condyloid joints

Back 36

synovial
-wrist
-knucklelike

Front 37

saddle joints

Back 37

synovial
-trapezium and metacarpal of thumb

Front 38

ball and socket joints

Back 38

synovial
-shoulder
-hip

Front 39

functional classifications of joints

Back 39

-synarthrosis
-amphiarthrosis
-diarthrosis

Front 40

synarthrosis joint

Back 40

immovable joint
-bones of the skull

Front 41

amphiarthrosis joint

Back 41

slightly movable joint
-pubic symphysis

Front 42

diarthrosis joint

Back 42

freely movable joint

Front 43

which rib articulates with sternal angle?

Back 43

#2

Front 44

which vertebra articulate with ribs?

Back 44

T1 thru T12

Front 45

flexion

Back 45

decreases angle between bones