Anatomy And Physiology, Glands And Hormones

Front 1

what parts of the thyroid do i need to know?

Back 1

follicle and parafollicular cell (area)

Front 2

what parts of the pancreas do i need to know?

Back 2

islets of Langerhans

Front 3

what parts of the pituitary do i need to know?

Back 3

adenohypophysis (anterior), neurohypophysis (posterior), infundibulum

Front 4

what parts of the ovary do i need to know?

Back 4

ovarian (Graffian) follicle with ovum, corpus luteum

Front 5

what parts of the testes do we need to know?

Back 5

seminiferous tubules, interstitial cells

Front 6

what parts of the adrenal do we need to know?

Back 6

capsule, cortex and medulla
(zona glomerulosa, zona fasiculata, zona reticularis)

Front 7

what part of the adrenals are divided into zonas?

Back 7

the cortex

Front 8

name the zonas of the adrenals?

Back 8

zona glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularlis

Front 9

how many glands (complete with their hormones and functions) do I need to know?

Back 9

10 (counting pituitary front and back as one)

Front 10

how many hormones does the adenohypophysis emit?

Back 10

7; but i only have to know the function of 6

Front 11

name the hormones the adenohypophysis emits

Back 11

Growth Hormone (GH)

Prolactin (PRL)

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); also known as thyrotropic hormone

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Front 12

Name the two hormones the neurohypophysis produces

Back 12

oxytocin (OT)

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Front 13

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the thyroid gland?

Back 13

2: thyroid hormone (TH) also known as thyroxin

calcitonin

Front 14

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the parathyroid gland?

Back 14

1; the parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Front 15

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the adrenal medulla?

Back 15

2;
norepinephrine
epinephrine

Front 16

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the pancreas?

Back 16

2;
insulin
glucagon

Front 17

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the ovary?

Back 17

2;
estrogen
progesterone

Front 18

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the testes?

Back 18

1;
testosterone

Front 19

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the thymus?

Back 19

1;
thymosin

Front 20

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the pineal gland?

Back 20

1;
melatonin

Front 21

name the 10 glands i need to know

Back 21

pituitary
adenohypophysis - anterior
neurohypophysis - posterior

thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex
pancreas
ovary
testes
thymus
pineal gland

Front 22

what are the effects of Growth Hormone?

Back 22

GH affects
liver
muscle
bone
cartilage
other tissue

stimulates growth

mobilizes fats

spares glucose

Front 23

what are the functions of TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone?

Back 23

thyroid gland

stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone

Front 24

what are the functions of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Back 24

adrenal cortex

promotes release of glucocorticoids and androgens hormone

Front 25

what are the functions of the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Back 25

ovaries and testes

in females, stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production

in males, stimulates sperm production

Front 26

what are the functions of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Back 26

ovaries and testes;

in females, triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone

in males, promotes testosterone production

Front 27

what are the functions of prolactin (PRL)?

Back 27

breast secretory tissue

promotes lactation

Front 28

what are the functions of oxytocin?

Back 28

uterus:
stimulates uterine contractions; initiates labor

breast: initiates milk ejection

Front 29

what are the functions of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Back 29

kidneys:
stimulates kidney tubule cells to reabsorb water

Front 30

what are the functions of thyroxin?

Back 30

all cells;
increases glucose metabolism

Front 31

what are the functions of calcitonin?

Back 31

bones;
decreases blood calcium levels

Front 32

what are the functions of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Back 32

bone:
increases blood calcium levels

Front 33

what are the functions of aldosterone?

Back 33

kidneys;
increased blood levels of sodium and
decreased blood levels of potassium

since water reabsorption accompanies sodium retention, blood volume and blood pressure RISE

Front 34

what are the functions of cortisol?

Back 34

body cells:
promote gluconeogenesis and hyperglycemia

mobilize fats for energy metabolism

stimulate protein catabolism

assist body to resist stressors;

depress inflammatory and immune responses

Front 35

what are the functions of androgens?

Back 35

insignificant effects in adults;

the adrenally produced hormones may be responsible for female libido and source of estrogen after menopause

Front 36

what are the functions of epinephrine?

Back 36

sympathetic nervous system target organs;

effects mimic sympathetic nervous system activation

increase heart rate and metabolic rate

increase blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction

Front 37

what are the functions of insulin?

Back 37

all cells

decrease blood glucose levels

influences protein and fat metabolism

Front 38

what are the functions of glucagon?

Back 38

liver

breakdown of glycogen to glucose

synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and from noncarbohydrate molecules

release of glucose to the blood by liver cells, which causes blood sugar levels to rise

Front 39

what are the functions of estrogens?

Back 39

sexual organs

responsible for maturation of the reproductive organs and the appearance of the secondary sex characteristics of females at puberty

with progesterone, promote breast development and cyclic changes in the uterine mucosa

Front 40

what are the functions of progesterone?

Back 40

sexual organs;

breast development and cyclic changes in the uterine mucosa

Front 41

what are the functions of testosterone

Back 41

sexual organs;

initiates the maturation of the male reproductive organs and the appearance of secondary sex characteristics and sex drive

necessary for normal sperm production and maintains the reproductive organs in their mature functional state in adult males

Front 42

what are the functions of melatonin

Back 42

melatonin concentrations in the blood rise and fall in the diurnal cycle

peak levels occur during the night and make us drowsy

lowest levels occur around noon

Front 43

what are the functions of thymosin?

Back 43

immune system;

activates immune system

Front 44

what are the functions of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)?

Back 44

influence the course of pregnancy

stimulates estrogen production

Front 45

how many and what are the names of the hormones emitted by the adrenal cortex?

Back 45

3;
mineralcorticoids
as in aldosterone (zona glomerulosa)

glucocorticoids
as in cortisol (zona fasciculata)

gonadocorticoids
as in androgens (zona reticularis)