Anatomy And Physiology Ch. 6

Front 1

What are the ABCD signs of a mole becoming malignant

Back 1

asymmetry, border, color, diameter

Front 2

a thin film of emulsified material that acts as a protective barrier against potentially damaging pathogens

Back 2

surface film and its functions

Front 3

What are the parts of the integumentary system

Back 3

the hair, nails, and skin glands

Front 4

course pubic and axillary hair that develops at puberty

Back 4

What is terminal hair

Front 5

What is responsible for skin color

Back 5

melanocytes which produce melanin, beta-carotene

Front 6

what is the chief determinant of how much heat the body produces is

Back 6

the amount of muscular work it does

Front 7

what type of gland secretes oil that keeps hair and skin soft and can cause pimples

Back 7

sebaceous glands

Front 8

What happens to blood vessels that can cause us to lose heat?

Back 8

they dilate

Front 9

What happens to blood vessels that can cause us to conserve heat

Back 9

they constrict

Front 10

it is an inflammatory disorder of the skin; inflammation and bumps, or papules, vesicles, or blisters, and crusts.

Back 10

eczema and its characteristics

Front 11

What layer of the skin produces fingerprints?

Back 11

papillary layer

Front 12

What are fingernails and toenails made up of

Back 12

epidermal cells converted to hard keratin

Front 13

What are the 4 main factors that affect skin color?

Back 13

genes, prolonged sunlight exposure, decreasing tyrosinase, beta-carotene

Front 14

What are the functions of skin? (7) PSEFVdpIHbt

Back 14

protection, sensation, excretion, flexibility, vitamin D production, immunity, homeostasis of body temperature

Front 15

What structure acts as the body's thermostat?

Back 15

hypothalamus

Front 16

What are the 5 skin layers? CLGSB

Back 16

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Front 17

horny layer; most superficial layer

Back 17

Stratum corneum

Front 18

clear layer; contains eleiden, only present in thick skin

Back 18

stratum lucidum

Front 19

granular layer; keratinization begins in this layer, high levels of lysosomal enzymes

Back 19

stratum granulosum

Front 20

spiny layer, cells are rich in RNA for keratin synthesis

Back 20

stratum spinosum

Front 21

base layer; only epidermal cells that undergo mitosis

Back 21

Stratum basale

Front 22

What skin layer can undergo Mitosis

Back 22

stratum basale

Front 23

what is the most common form of skin cancer which rarely metastasizes

Back 23

basal cell carcinoma

Front 24

cells in Stratum corneum are formed from deeper layers of the epidermis, filled with keratin and then moved to the surface

Back 24

karatinization

Front 25

What layer of the skin contains muscle fibers, sensory receptors, hair follicles and glands

Back 25

dermis

Front 26

a cell that becomes filled with a tough, fibrous protein called keratin

Back 26

keratinocyte

Front 27

T/F: skin is continuous with all of the connective tissues that hold the body together including fascia, tendons, ligaments, and the bones

Back 27

true

Front 28

what does mitosis of germinal matrix cells form

Back 28

hair

Front 29

T/F: The internal environment is highly dependent on the external environment

Back 29

true

Front 30

What is responsible for "goose bumps"?

Back 30

contraction of the arrector pili muscles

Front 31

How does UV light affect vitamin D?

Back 31

converts 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholecalciferol which is a precursor to vitamin D then the blood transports the precursor to the liver and kidneys where vitamin D is produced.

Front 32

What is the most deadly form of skin cancer? Who is it most found in?

Back 32

malignant melanoma; found in older people with light skin, eyes, and hair

Front 33

What are the two primary skin layers?

Back 33

dermis and epidermis

Front 34

What lies below the two primary skin layers?

Back 34

the subcutaneous layer

Front 35

What are the pigment producing cells?

Back 35

melanocytes

Front 36

What is it in melanocytes that determines skin color?

Back 36

melanine

Front 37

What is the turnover/regeneration time?

Back 37

time required for epidermal cells to form in the stratum basale, mature, reproduce and migrate to the surface of the skin; about 35 days

Front 38

What is a blister?

Back 38

when the dermis and epidermis get separated at the basement membrane and fluid lies beneath the epidermis

Front 39

What are the 4 heat loss mechanisms

Back 39

evaporation, radiation, conduction, convection

Front 40

extremely fine and soft hair that covers the developing fetus

Back 40

Lanugo

Front 41

What is the rule of nines?

Back 41

a way of determining the extent of a burn injury; body divided into 11 areas of 9%

Front 42

highly contagious; bacterial condition from staphylococcus or streptpcoccus infection

Back 42

impetigo

Front 43

fungal infections such as ringworm and athlete's foot

Back 43

tinea

Front 44

nipple like neoplasms of the skin; transmitted through direct contact with infected persons

Back 44

warts

Front 45

furuncles; local staphylococcus infections of hair follicles

Back 45

boils

Front 46

inherited condition; abnormally high body temp and muscle rigidity

Back 46

malignant hyperthermia

Front 47

when body loses a large amount of fluid resulting from heat-loss mechanisms

Back 47

heat exhaustion

Front 48

sunstroke; results from body's inability to maintain a normal temperature in a warm environment

Back 48

heat stroke

Front 49

results from the body's inability to maintain a normal body temperature in cold environments

Back 49

hypothermia

Front 50

damage to tissues caused by extremely low temperatures

Back 50

frostbite

Front 51

heat energy must be expended to get rid of any fluid

Back 51

evaporation

Front 52

transfer of heat from the surface of one object to that of another without actual contact between the two

Back 52

radiation

Front 53

transfer of heat to any substance actually in contact with the body

Back 53

conduction

Front 54

transfer of heat away from a surface by movement of heated air or fluid particles

Back 54

convection

Front 55

located deep in subcutaneous layer of skin in armpit, areola of breast, and pigmented skin around the anus

Back 55

apocrine glands

Front 56

most numerous, important, and widespread sweat glands in the body

Back 56

eccrine glands

Front 57

secrete sebum, keeps hair supple and skin soft and pliant, prevent excessive water loss from epidermis

Back 57

sebaceous glands

Front 58

secrete cerumen into external ear canal; specialized apocrine gland

Back 58

ceruminous glands

Front 59

causes minor discomfort and some reddening of the skin no blistering

Back 59

first-degree burn

Front 60

involves deep epidermal layers and causes injury to upper layers of dermis; includes blistering and swelling

Back 60

second-degree burn

Front 61

destruction of both the epidermis and dermis; tissue death may involve underlying muscle and sometimes bone; full thickness burn

Back 61

third-degree burn

Front 62

bedsores; appear after blood flow to a local area of skin slows because of pressure on skin covering boney prominences

Back 62

decubitus ulcers