Anatomy And Physiology Ch 4

Front 1

Covers surfaces; lines cavities, organs, and ducts

Back 1

Epithelial tissue

Front 2

Flat and irregular cells

Back 2

Squamous

Front 3

Square cells

Back 3

Cuboidal

Front 4

Long and narrow cells

Back 4

Columnar

Front 5

Cells are arranged in a single layer

Back 5

Simple

Front 6

Arrangement of cells in multiple layers for added protection

Back 6

Stratified

Front 7

Capable of great expansion but returns to its original form once tension is relaxed, i.e. the bladder

Back 7

Transitional epithelium

Front 8

Repairs itself quickly after being injured

Back 8

Epithelium

Front 9

Capable of modifying themselves for greater strength whenever they are subjected to unusual wear and tear

Back 9

Epithelium

Front 10

An organ specialized to produce a substance that is sent out to other parts of the body

Back 10

Gland

Front 11

have ducts or tubes to carry secretions away from the gland

Back 11

Exocrine

Front 12

Composed of multiple cells in various arrangements, i.e. tubular, coiled, or saclike

Back 12

Exocrine

Front 13

Secrete horomones directly into the blood

Back 13

Endocrine

Front 14

Ductless glands that include the pituitary, throid, and adrenal glands

Back 14

Endocrine

Front 15

Supports, binds, and forms framework of the body

Back 15

Connective tissue

Front 16

Liquid connective tissue

Back 16

Blood and lymph

Front 17

Loosely held together with semi-liquid material between cells

Back 17

Soft connective tisue

Front 18

Adispose tissue (fat)

Back 18

Soft connective tissue

Front 19

Most connective tissue contains some fibers, but this type is densely packed with them

Back 19

Fibrous connective tissue

Front 20

cells that produce the fibers in connective tissue

Back 20

Fibroblasts

Front 21

word ending that refers to a young and active cell

Back 21

-blast

Front 22

Has a very firm consistency, as in cartilage, or is hardened by minerals in the matrix, as in bone

Back 22

Hard connective tissue

Front 23

Loose connective tissue that is found in membranes around vesicles and organs, between muscles, and under the skin

Back 23

Areolar

Front 24

A flexible white protein found in fibrous connective tissue

Back 24

Collagen

Front 25

Cordlike fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones

Back 25

Tendons

Front 26

Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones

Back 26

Ligaments

Front 27

A common form of cartilage that forms the tough translucent material seen over the ends of long bones

Back 27

Hyaline cartilage

Front 28

A form of cartilage that is found between segments of the spine, at the anterior joint between the pubic bones of the hip, and in the knee joint

Back 28

Fibrocartilage

Front 29

A form of cartilage that can spring back into shape after it is bent

Back 29

Elastic cartilage

Front 30

the cells that produce cartilage

Back 30

Chondrocytes

Front 31

Word root meaning cartilage

Back 31

Chondro

Front 32

Word root meaning cell

Back 32

Cyto

Front 33

The tissue of which bones are made

Back 33

Osseous tissue

Front 34

The immature cells that form the bone

Back 34

Osteoblasts

Front 35

Word root meaning bone

Back 35

Osteo

Front 36

Mature cells that form the bone

Back 36

Osteocytes

Front 37

Contracts to produce movement

Back 37

Muscle tissue

Front 38

Muscle that works with tendons and bones to move the body

Back 38

Skeletal muscle

Front 39

Muscle that can be made to contract by concious thought

Back 39

Voluntary muscle

Front 40

The cells in this muscle are very large with multiple nuclei and a pattern of light and dark banding called striations

Back 40

Skeletal muscle

Front 41

Muscle that forms the bulk of the heart wall

Back 41

Cardiac muscle; myocardium

Front 42

Muscle that typically contracts independently of thought

Back 42

Involuntary muscle

Front 43

Muscle that has branching cells and specialized membranes between the cells that appear as dark lines called intercalated disks

Back 43

Cardiac Muscle

Front 44

Muscle that forms the walls of the hollow organs in the ventral body cavities, including stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and urinary bladder.

Back 44

Smooth Muscle

Front 45

Smooth muscle is also called

Back 45

Visceral muscle

Front 46

Tissues that repair themselves only with difficulty or not at all once an injury has been sustained

Back 46

Muscle and Nervous tissue

Front 47

When injured, muscle tissue is frequently replaced with...

Back 47

Connective tissue

Front 48

a bundle of nerve cell fibers held together with connective tissue

Back 48

Nerve

Front 49

The basic unit of nervous tissue

Back 49

Neuron

Front 50

Consists of a nerve cell body plus small branches from the cell called fibers; they can be very long

Back 50

Neuron

Front 51

A nerve fiber that is generally short and forms tree-like branches

Back 51

Dendrite

Front 52

Nerve fiber that carries messages in the form of nerve pulses to the nerve cell body

Back 52

Dendrite

Front 53

A single nerve fiber that carries impluses away from the nerve cell body

Back 53

Axon

Front 54

Material that insulates and protects some axons

Back 54

Myelin

Front 55

T or F:
All axons are myelinated, as are all dendrites and all cell bodies

Back 55

False

Front 56

Specialized cells that support nervous tisse

Back 56

Neuroglia or glial cells

Front 57

Greek word meaning glue

Back 57

Glia

Front 58

Cells that protect the brain, get rid of foreign organisms, and form the myelin sheath around axons

Back 58

Glial cells

Front 59

T or F:
Glial cells do not transmit nerve impulses

Back 59

True

Front 60

Thin sheets of tissue

Back 60

Membranes

Front 61

This tissue may cover a surface, serve as a dividing partition, line a hollow organ or body cavity, or anchor an organ

Back 61

Membrane

Front 62

this tissue may contain cells that secrete lubricants to ease the movement of organs and joints

Back 62

Membrane

Front 63

This membrane's outer surface is made of epithelium

Back 63

Epithelial membrane

Front 64

These membranes line the closed ventral body cavities and do not connect with the outside of the body

Back 64

Serous membranes

Front 65

These membranes secrete a thin watery lubricant

Back 65

Serous membrane

Front 66

A type of serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and cover each lung

Back 66

Pleurae or pleuras

Front 67

A type of serous membrane that forms part of a sac that encloses the heart

Back 67

Serous pericardium

Front 68

The largest serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity, covers the organs of the abdomen, and forms supporting and protective structures within the abdomen

Back 68

Peritoneum

Front 69

These membranes are arranged so that one portion forms the lining of a closed cavity, while another part folds back to cover the surface of the organ contained in that cavity

Back 69

Serous membrane

Front 70

The portion of the serous membrane that is attached to the wall of a cavity or sac

Back 70

Parietal layer

Front 71

The portion of the serous membrane that is attached to an organ

Back 71

Visceral layer

Front 72

Membranes that produce a thick and sticky substance called mucus

Back 72

Mucous membrane

Front 73

These membranes form extensive continuous linings in the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems, all of which are connected with the outside of the body

Back 73

Mucous membranes

Front 74

Noun used in refering to the mucous membrane of an organ

Back 74

Mucosa

Front 75

Thin connective tissue membranes that line the joint cavities

Back 75

Synovial membrane

Front 76

Several layers of membranes covering the brain and spinal cord

Back 76

Meninges

Front 77

Fibrous bands or sheets that support organs and hold them in place

Back 77

Fascia

Front 78

Continuous sheet of tissue that underlies the skin and contains adipose tissue that insulates the body and protects the skin

Back 78

Superficial fascia

Front 79

Memrane that covers, serparates, and protects skeletal muscles

Back 79

Deep fascia

Front 80

Memebrane that forms the cavity that encloses the heart

Back 80

Fibrous pericardium

Front 81

Memebrane around the cartilage

Back 81

Perichondrium

Front 82

A tumor confined to the local area that does not spread

Back 82

Benign tumor

Front 83

tumor that spreads to the neighboring tissues or to distant parts of the body

Back 83

Malignant tumor

Front 84

The process of tumor cell spread

Back 84

Metastasis

Front 85

Malignant tumor that originates in epithelium

Back 85

Carcinoma

Front 86

Malignant tumor of the connective tissue

Back 86

Sarcoma

Front 87

Unusual bleeding or discharge; persistant idigestion; chronic cough; changes in moles; lumps; sores that won't heal

Back 87

Symptoms of Cancer

Front 88

The removal of living tissue for the purpose of microscopic examination

Back 88

Biopsy

Front 89

The study of tissues

Back 89

Histology

Front 90

A group of similar cells arranged in a charateristic pattern is called...

Back 90

Tissue

Front 91

Glands that secrete their products directly into the blood are called...

Back 91

Endocrine glands

Front 92

Tissue that supports and forms the framework of the body is called...

Back 92

Connctive tissue

Front 93

A tumor that is confined to a local area and does not spread is a...

Back 93

Benign tumor

Front 94

The removal of living tissue for the purpose of microscopic examination is called...

Back 94

Biopsy

Front 95

Membrane aroung the heart

Back 95

Pericardium

Front 96

Membrane around each lung

Back 96

Pleura

Front 97

Membrane around bone

Back 97

Periosteum

Front 98

Membrane around cartilage

Back 98

Perichondrium

Front 99

Membrane around abdominal organs

Back 99

Peritoneum

Front 100

Epithelium composed of a single layer of long and narrow cells is called...

Back 100

Simple columnar epithelium

Front 101

Tendons and ligaments are examples of...

Back 101

Fibrous connective tissue

Front 102

A tissue compsed of long striated cells with multiple nuclei is...

Back 102

Skeletal muscle tissue

Front 103

A bundle of nerve cell fibers held together with connective tissue is called a...

Back 103

Nerve

Front 104

Out of the following: cutaneous, mucous, serous, and synovial, which is not a type of epithelial membrane.

Back 104

Synovial