Anatomy And Physiology

Front 1

The study of the structure of the human body

study of structure (greek for "a cutting up)

Back 1

Anatomy

Front 2

The study of the function of the human body

study of function (greek for "relationship to nature")

Back 2

Physiology

Front 3

Structure dectates function

Back 3

structure dictates function

Front 4

levels of organization

Back 4

1.Subatomic Particles

2. Atom

3. Molecule

4. Macromolecule

5. Organelle

6. Cell

7. Tissue

8. Organ

9. Organ System

10. Organism

Front 5

Subatomic particles

Back 5

electrons protons neutrons

Front 6

Atom

Back 6

hydrogen atom, lithium atom, ect

Front 7

Molecule

Back 7

Water molecule, glucose molecule, ect

Front 8

Macromolecule

Back 8

Protein molecule, DNA molecule, etc

Front 9

Organelle

Back 9

mitochondria, golgi apparatus, nucleus, ect

Front 10

Cell

Back 10

muscle cell, nerve cell ect

Front 11

tissue

Back 11

epithelia, connective, muscles and nerves

Front 12

organ

Back 12

skin, femur, heart, kidney

Front 13

organ system

Back 13

skeletal system, digestive system

Front 14

organism

Back 14

the human

Front 15

cell

Back 15

smallest units of living things

Front 16

tissue

Back 16

groups of cells that have a common function

Front 17

organ

Back 17

is a distint structure composed of at least two types of tissues

Front 18

10 characteristics of life

Back 18

Movement, Responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, excretion

Front 19

Maintenance of life humans depend on 5 environmental factors

Back 19

water

food

oxygen

heat

pressure

Front 20

water

Back 20

most abundant substance in the body

required for metabolic processes

required for transport of substances

regulates body temperature

Front 21

Food

Back 21

provides necessary nutrients

supplies energy

supplies raw materials

Front 22

oxygen

Back 22

cellular respiration

1/5 of air

used to release energy from nutrients

Front 23

heat

Back 23

form of energy

partly controls rate of metabolic reactions

Front 24

pressure

Back 24

application of force on an object

atmospheric pressure-important for breathing.

hydrosstatic pressure- keeps blood flowing

Front 25

homeostasis

Back 25

maintaining stable internal environment

receptor-sense the change

control center- the brain sends signal to effector glands or muscles

Front 26

homeostatic control mechanisms

Back 26

feed back loop

over heating sweating

being cold and shivering

Front 27

negative feedback

Back 27

actively negates change. it is good!!

prevents sudden, severe changes in the body

reduces the actions of the effectors

corrects the set point

body temp, blood pressure, and glucose regulation

Front 28

positive feedback

Back 28

asselorates the change. could be very bad

produces more instability in the body

produces more chaos in body

positive feed back is short lived

uncommon loop

blood clotting and child birth

Front 29

Visceral

Back 29

inside lining of organ

Front 30

Parietal

Back 30

outer side of lining

Front 31

pleura

Back 31

lung

Front 32

pericardium

Back 32

heart

Front 33

peritoneum

Back 33

stomach

Front 34

perineum

Back 34

pelvic

Front 35

anatomical position

Back 35

standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing forward and thumbs out

Front 36

sagittal or median

Back 36

divides body into left and right portions strait up and down

Front 37

transverse or horizontal

Back 37

divides body into superior and inferior portions.

horizontal line splitting body in half

Front 38

coronal or frontal

Back 38

divides body into anterior and posterior portions.

from the side cut in the middle up and down

Front 39

Integumentary system

Back 39

forms the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury. Synthesizes vitamin D, and houses cutaneous receptors and sweat and oil glands

Front 40

Skeletal System

Back 40

Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement, blood cells are formed within bones. bones store minerals.

Front 41

Muscular system

Back 41

allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat

Front 42

nervous system

Back 42

as the fast acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.

Front 43

Endocrine System

Back 43

glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells

Front 44

Lymphatic System

Back 44

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within body

Front 45

Respiratory system

Back 45

keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. the gaseous exchange occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs

Front 46

Digestive system

Back 46

breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution of body cells. indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces

Front 47

Urinary system

Back 47

eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood