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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Some organic molecules form long chains of c which is called?
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aliphatic
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Some organ molecules form rings of carbon, they are called ________.
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aromatic
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Chemical level of body includes?
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atoms combine to form molecules
C-carbon N-nitrogen P-phosphorus h-hydrogen O-oxygen CA-calicum |
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Cellular level...
whats the study of cells |
Molecules combine to form cells
cytology |
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4 groups of tissue in body
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Epithielial, muscular, nervous, connective
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Organ level of body...
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a group of tissues working together for a common function
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How many tissues must there be to make an organ
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2 or more working together.
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Organsimal level=
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You
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What are the basic life processes?
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Metabolism
-catabolism -anabolism Responsiveness Movement Growth Differentiation-stem cells become specialized Reproduction |
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What are the organic molecule groups?
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Carbohydrates
Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids |
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What are carbohydrates made of
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Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
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In what ration of is carbs made
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C H O
2 n |
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What is the formula for glucose
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C H O
6 12 6 |
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What does ATP stand for?
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Adenosine triphosphate
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What is used to form cell membrane portions that work as signals for cellular recognition?
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Carbohydrates
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How are carbs clasified?
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By size
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What is the total carbohydrate mass in the body?
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2-3%
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What are lipids made of?
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C, H, O and may also contain phosphorus (in form of phosphate- P04
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WHat is made up of very long C chains?
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Lipids
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Lipids do not mix with
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Water
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What are the types of lipids?
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Netural fat
Phospholipids steroids eicosanoids |
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What is made of long c chains w/ lots of H + acid group at one end?
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Netural fat/triglyceride/triglycerol
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What is a molecule w/ a phosphate end that can mix w/ polar molecules such as water+ a lipid end that cannot?
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Phospholipids
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What is used in forming cell membranes?
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Phospholipids
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Steroids have what kind fo an arrangement?
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Aromatic
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What is used in inflammation and formation?
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Eicosanoids
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Proteins are made of...
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Long chains of units called amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.
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Bile is what kind of lipid?
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Steroid
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How many naturally occuring amino acids are in the body?
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20
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WHat organelle forms proteins?
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Ribosomes
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Proteins have what kind of structure?
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3-d structure
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What includes prostoglandins and leukotenes?
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Eicosanoids
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What is a quanternary sequence?
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H-bond interaction between adjacent protein molecules.
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Proteins are used as?
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Enzymes, structures, and food reserves for energy.
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Nucleic acids are made of?
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C, H, O, P, S, N
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Sequence of nucleotide components form?
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genes.
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What forms RNA+DNA
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Nucleic Acids
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What is osmosis?
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The net movement of solvent moleculess from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a semi permeable membrane.
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When a cell colaspes it is called?
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Crenation
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When a cell bursts it is called?
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Hemolysis
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What is equilibrium?
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No net movement of molecules/
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What are the cell membrane transport types?
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Passive transport:
Disfusion Facilitated diffusion Osmosis Active Transport: Carrier mediated active transport Vesicular transport |
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What is carrier mediated active transport?
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Molecules are carried via transport proteins.
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What is facilitated diffusion?
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When molecules are carried across the membrane by a way of transport proteins
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Does vesicular transport travel with the concentration gradient?
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No. It goes against.
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Does facilitated diffusion occur against the concentration gradient?
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No, it goes with.
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What requires ATP?
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Active transport.
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What type of muscular tissue has one central nucleus?
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SMooth muscle.
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WHat type of muscular tissue is multinucleate?
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Skeletal muscle.
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What tytpe of muscular tissue has cylindar shaped cells?
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skeletal muscle.
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In skeletal muscule where is the nuclei located?
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@ cells edges
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What musclar tissue contains internal protein fibers?
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Skeletal muscle
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What is found making up walls of hollow organs?
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Smooth muscle
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What muscular tissue has alternating protein fibers?
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Smooth muscle
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What makes up the wall of the heart?
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Cardiac muscle
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what muscular tissue is made of branched interwoven cells?
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Cardiac Muscle
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What muscular tissue contains cell to cell junctions called intercalated disc?
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Cardiac muscle
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What kind of tissue has lots of matrix with few cells scattered through matrix?
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Connective tissue.
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What type of CT is semi fluid matrix w/ hyaluronic acid to make matrix thick?
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Aerolar CT
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What type of CT forms storage area for different molecules
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Aerolar CT
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What kind of CT stores fat?
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Adipose CT
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What CT is avasular?
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Cartilage
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What cells are found in Aerolar CT?
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Fibroblasts.
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What CT makes up tendons and ligaments?
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Dense fibrous (regular) CT
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Which CT has fibers oriented in parallel fashion?
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Dense fibrous (regular) CT
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Which CT has cells called chondrocytes?
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Cartilage CT
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Cartilage matrix contains
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Hyauronic acid and chondronectin+ chondrotin sulfate
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Which CT forms are foundation for other tissues?
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Reticular CT
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Which CT acts as a insulate for the body and cushions it?
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Adipose CT
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Chondrocytes live in trapped small spaces called?
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Lacunae
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