Anatomy And Physiology 2: Review Vocab Of Bio101

Front 1

Define osmosis

Back 1

Movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Front 2

What are the purines?

Back 2

Adenine and Guanine

Front 3

What are the pyramidines?

Back 3

Thymine and cytosine

Front 4

Define Diffusion

Back 4

Matter moving from high concentration to low until equilibrium is reached

Front 5

What determines osmotic pressure?

Back 5

the solute concentration.

Front 6

What is the cell membrane also called in a cell?

Back 6

phospholipid bilayer

Front 7

Differentiate between passive and active transporters

Back 7

passive trasporters travel from a low solute concentration to high solute concentration while active transporters go against the natural flow.

Front 8

Which carbohydrate was released in bone from cellular respiration?

Back 8

glycogen

Front 9

What waste is produced from aerobic respiration?

Back 9

CO2 and H2O

Front 10

What waste is produced from anaerobic respiration?

Back 10

Lactic acid

Front 11

Which makes more ATP: Anaerobic or Aerobic respiration?

Back 11

Aerobic Respiration

Front 12

Which molecules are involved in ionic bonds?

Back 12

Inorganic molecules

Front 13

Which molecules are involved in Covalent bonds?

Back 13

Organic molecules

Front 14

What is characteristic about hydrogen bonds?

Back 14

they are weak

Front 15

Define anabolism

Back 15

Storing energy and synthesizing

Front 16

Define Catabolism

Back 16

Breaking down by releasing energy

Front 17

Define Enzyme

Back 17

3-D proteins that are organic catalysts

Front 18

What is lactose made up of?

Back 18

glucose and galactose

Front 19

What 2 monosacharrides make up sucrose?

Back 19

glucose and fructose

Front 20

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back 20

amino acids

Front 21

What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

Back 21

monosacharrides

Front 22

What are the building blocks of lipids?

Back 22

fatty acids and glycerol

Front 23

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

Back 23

nucleotide

Front 24

What make up nucleotides?

Back 24

Phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base

Front 25

Define Acids

Back 25

Donates H ions

Front 26

Define Bases

Back 26

Accepts H ions

Front 27

Define Salt

Back 27

Doesn't accept or donate H ions

Front 28

If the pH is higher then what does that say about the number of hydrogen ions?

Back 28

There are less Hydrogen ions

Front 29

Define Buffer

Back 29

Substance that prevents rapid change in pH by donating or accepting hydrogen ions

Front 30

What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?

Back 30

To produce ATP

Front 31

What elements are in proteins?

Back 31

N,H,C,O

Front 32

Why is an amino acid able to be used as a buffer?

Back 32

Because the carboxyl group can donate a hydrogen ion and NH2 can accept a hydrogen ion

Front 33

Where are peptide bonds formed?

Back 33

at ribosomes with amino acids

Front 34

Which functional groups are present in amino acids?

Back 34

amines and carboxyl groups

Front 35

Which substances can be used to denature proteins?

Back 35

heat, acid, base, gold, mercury, alcohol, lead.

Front 36

Define denature

Back 36

To change the 3-D shape of a protein and therefore change the function.

Front 37

Describe the steps of protein synthesis

Back 37

DNA->mRNA->tRNA->protein

Front 38

What is the lipid's function at the cellular level?

Back 38

Used as structural material

Front 39

WHat make up lipids?

Back 39

Fatty acids and glycerol

Front 40

Where is the DNA located in the cell?

Back 40

Nucleus

Front 41

Is a lipid organic?

Back 41

YES