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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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right gastric a. branches off the
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common hepatic a.
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left gastric a. branches off
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celiac a.
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the superior 1/3 of the esophagus contains what type of muscle
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striated
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the inferior 1/3 of the esophagus contains what type of muscle
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smooth
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esophageal hiatus pass through what part of the diaphragm
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right crus
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level where esophagus enters the stomach
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T11
7th costal cartilage |
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the cardia of the stomach lies posterior to _____ at what level?
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6th left costal cartilage at T11
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the fundus lies posterior to which rib in the supine position
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6th rib in the MCL
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transpyloric plane (supine)
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L1 (8th costal cartilages)
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what lies posterior to the stomach
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pancreas
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what is the angular incisure?
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junction of the body and pylorus
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If an arrow pierced the quadrate lobe of the liver and went all the way through the body, what would it hit after the liver?
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gallbladder and then duodenum
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what is inferior to the 1st part of the duodenum?
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neck of pancreas
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the first part of the duodenum is at what level
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L1
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what muscle is posterior to the descending part of the duodenum?
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psoas major
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which vessels are anterior to the horizontal part of the duodenum?
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SMA & SMV
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what is posterior to the horizontal part of the duodenum?
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IVC & aorta
right ureter |
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most of the jejunum lies in which quadrant
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LUQ
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most of the ileum lies in which quadrant
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RLQ
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foregut
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alimentary canal from the mouth to the duodenum at the entrance of the bile duct
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midgut
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end of foregut (bile duct enters duodenum) to the proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
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hindgut
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distal 1/3 of the transverse colon to the rectum
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blood supply to the foregut
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celiac trunk
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blood supply to the midgut
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SMA
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blood supply to the hindgut
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IMA
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inferior mesenteric vein branches off
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splenic vein
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explain the mechanism of esophageal varices
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in portal HTN (↑ BP in the portal venous system), blood is unable to pass through the liver via the hepatic portal vein, causing a reversal of flow in the esophageal tributary. Large volume of blood causes the submucosal veins to enlarge markedly forming esophageal varices
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what is pyrosis & what causes it?
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heartburn is caused by GERD
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Removal of the pyloric antrum will require removal of which lymph nodes?
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pyloric & right gastro-omental lymph nodes
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what's the difference b/w gastric & peptic ulcers?
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gastric ulcers are open lesions of the mucosa of the stomach
peptic ulcers are lesions of the mucosa of the pyloric canal or, more often, the duodenum |
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why does organic pain radiate?
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dermatome pain is experienced b/c the skin receives visceral afferent fibers from the organ involved
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why is pain from the parietal peritoneum localized?
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the parietal peritoneum is supplied by somatic sensory fibers through thoracic nerves
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where do most duodenal ulcers occur?
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posterior wall of the superior part of the duodenum within 3 cm of the pylorus
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during repair of a paraduodenal hernia, care must be taken not to injure
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branches of the IMA, IMV, or the ascending branches of the left colic a.
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pain arising from the foregut derivatives localizes in the
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epigastric region
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pain arising from the midgut localizes in the
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periumbilical region
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pain arising from the hindgut localizes in the
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hypogastric region
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how does the midgut rotate?
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270 counterclockwise
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how does ileus present
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severe colicky pain
abdominal distention vomiting fever dehydration |
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cause of appendicitis in young people and elderly
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young - hyperplasia of lymphatic follicles in the appendix that occludes the lumen
elderly - obstruction results from a fecalith (concretion that forms around a center of fecal matter) |
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what is cecopexy?
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tenia coli of the cecum and proximal ascending colon is sutured to the abdominal wall to avoid volvulus
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what's the procedure for a colectomy?
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terminal ileum to the rectum is removed
ileostomy is then constructed to establish a stoma, an artificial opening of the ileum through the skin of the anterolateral abdominal wall |
