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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What fascia is fatty?
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Camper fascia
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What fascia of the wall is membraneous?
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Scarpa fascia
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What are the three muscle layers?
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external oblique, internal oblique, transverse oblique
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What are the three flat muscles?
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External oblique (run in same direction of external intercostal muscles), internal oblique, transversis abdominis
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What muscle has the tendinous intersections?
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rectus abdominis
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What covers the inferior part of the rectus abdominis?
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The transversalis fascia
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What are the three folds of the peritoneum?
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lateral umbilical fold,
medial umbilical fold, median umbilical fold |
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What would you see if you reflected the lateral umbilical fold?
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inferior epigastric artery and vein
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What innervates the rectus abdominus muscle?
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inferior epigastric arteries,
superior epigastric artery (from internal thoracic artery) |
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what do the aponeurosis of the 3 muscles make?
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linea alba
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What does the internal thoracic artery branch to?
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It goes to the superior epigastric artery (supplies the rectus abdominis)
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T7-T11
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thoraco abdominal nerves, (group of subcostal nerves)
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t10
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innervates umbilical dermatome.
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What defines the lateral border of the rectus abdominus?
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semilunar lines
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What is the inguinal ligamet?
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extension of external oblique,
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What is the tunica vaginals?
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once had a communication with the peritoneum.
if still open, may cause indirect hernia |
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What is the largest part of the greater omentum?
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the gastrocolic part
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What is contained in the lesser omentum?
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hepatogastric ligament, and the hepatoduodenal ligament
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What are the two parts of the peritoneal cavity?
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greater sac and the omental bursa
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What does the transverse colon separate?
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The supracolic and infracolic sections of the greater sac
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What does the supracolic section contain? And what is it a part of?
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It is part of the greater sac (one part of the peritoneal cavity) and it contains the stomach, spleen and liver.
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What structures are mobile in the peritoneal cavity?
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Transverse colon and the sigmoid colon becaue they have mesentery
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What fracture would place the spleen at risk?
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The 9th, 10, and 11 rib on the left side
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What supplies the majority of the blood supply to the liver?
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The portal vein
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What two veins make the portal vein?
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The superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein
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What are the two fat layers around kidney?
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Perirenal fat layer inside the renal fascia.
outside of the renal fascia is the pararenal fascia |
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What two nerves are associated with the posterior surface of the kidney?
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iliohypogastric nerve (L1) and the ilioinguinal nerve
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What type of nerve (para or sym) is the pelvic splanchnic nerve? What vertebrae is it associated w? Where does it innervate?
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It is parasympathetic (innervates at or near organ). It comes from S2,S3,S4. Innervates below the left colic flexure (above is vagus)
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What are the three openings through the diaphragm?
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IVC, esophagus, abd. aorta
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What vertebrae are associated with the openings in the diaphrag?
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T 8 T 10 T 12
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What makes the IVC?
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The right and left common iliac veins
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What are the two horizontal planes in the abdomen?
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The subcostal (superior) and transtubercular (L5)
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What is the horizontal plane that makes four quadrants?
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transumbilical plane
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What is also called the endoabdominal fascia?
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the transversalis fascia
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Where is scarpa fascia located?
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It is below the umbilical region
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True or false. Camper fascia is fatty.
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TRUE
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What is the superior border of the abdominal cavity?
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borders of 7 -10 ribs,
xiphoid process |
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Where does the thoracoabdominal nerve origin?
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t7-t11
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What nerve comes from T12?
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subcostal nerve
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What nerve comes from L1?
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iliohypogastric nerve
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What muscles have a conjoint tendon?
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The internal oblique and the transversus abdominis
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What do the tendinous intersections do?
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connect the rectus abdominis with the rectus sheath. 3 of them. one at umbilicus, one at xiphoid process, and one in between those.
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What does the arcuate line do?
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Separates the posterior and anterior rectus sheath. No rectus sheath past it. Just transveralis fascia.
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What is the clinical significance of the linea alba?
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Less blood supply so less bleeding, but also infection later because of this.
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Where is the umbilical dermatome located? the xiphoid process?
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t10
xi proc=t7 |
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Remember:
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when u have a block to systemic, you go to portal, and vice versus
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What causes caput medusae?
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congestion in the superior and inferior epigastric veins
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Where does the inferior epigastric vein enter the rectus?
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arcuate line
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What does the median umbilical fold contain?
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urachus
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What does the medial umbilical fold contain?
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obliterated umbilical art
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What fossa is related to indirect hernias?
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Lateral inguinal fossa
lateral=indirect |
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What does the inguinal ligament run from and to?
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The ASIS to the pubic tubercle
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What does the inguinal canal run from and to? What goes through it?
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The deep ring to the superficial ring. contains the spermatic cord, round ligament of the uterus, ilioinguinal nerve
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What are the lateral and medial crura?
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The lateral and medial borders of the superficial ring
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What is the remnants of the processus vaginalis?
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The tunica vaginals
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REmember
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the processus vaginalis may make the hernia sac
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What is the conjoint tendon between?
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The transversus abdominis and the internal oblique
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What branch of the genitofemoral nerve goes through the spermatic cord?
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The genital branch.
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What makes up the spermatic cord?
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The external oblique fascia, the internal oblique fascia, and the cremasteric fascia (fascia derived from the internal oblique
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The direct hernia goes through the..
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tranversalis fascia
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The indirect hernia goes through deep and the superficial ring.
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TRUE
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What are the boundaries of the inguinal triangle? and what kind of hernia exists at this site?
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The inferior epigastric vessels, the inguinal ligament, and the rectus abdominis muscle.
Direct occur at Hesselbachs triangle. |
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If you remove finger,
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nothing comes out INDIRECT hernia
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If you saw hernia come out,
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that is direct hernia
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What is an important attachment of testes?
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Cremaster muscle. when u touch the medial side of inguinal region, the testes will go up (L1)
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What is the cremaster muscle innervated by?
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The genitofemoral (L1)
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What is the closed sac around the testes?
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The tunica vaginalis
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What is the most common hernia?
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indirect
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Is the direct hernia with the spermatic cord or out?
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out, it is parallel.
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What does the direct hernia go through?
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the inguinal triangle.
maybe the superficial if it is acquired. |
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What is the heptaoduodenal ligament do?
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conducts the portal triad in the leseser omentum
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Describe where the lesser sac or omental bursa is.
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behind stomach and in front of pancreas
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