Anatomy

Front 1

study of body structure and relationship between structures of the body

Back 1

anatomy

Front 2

structures that can be examined without a microscope

Back 2

gross anatomy

Front 3

microscopic anatomy, structure of tissues and their organization into organs

Back 3

histology

Front 4

skull
vertebral column
ribs
sternum

Back 4

axial skeleton

Front 5

pectoral girdle
pelvic girdle
limbs

Back 5

appendicular skeleton

Front 6

supports and protects tissues; stores minerals; site of blood formation

Back 6

skeletal system

Front 7

generates locomotion; provides support; produces heat

Back 7

muscular system

Front 8

protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature

Back 8

integumentary system

Front 9

transports cells and dissolved materials, regulates body temp.

Back 9

cardiovascular system

Front 10

defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to bloodstream

Back 10

lymphatic system

Front 11

immediate response to stimuli; integrates activities of organ systems

Back 11

nervous system

Front 12

long term regulation of other organ systems

Back 12

endocrine system

Front 13

exchanges gas between air and circulating blood

Back 13

respiratory system

Front 14

processes and absorbs nutrients

Back 14

digestive system

Front 15

filters blood; eliminates excess water, salts and waste products

Back 15

urinary system

Front 16

produces gametes and sex hormones

Back 16

reproductive system

Front 17

head

Back 17

cranium

Front 18

eye and muscles

Back 18

occulus

Front 19

ear

Back 19

auris

Front 20

mouth

Back 20

oris

Front 21

cheek

Back 21

bucca

Front 22

nose

Back 22

nasus

Front 23

chin

Back 23

mentis

Front 24

neck

Back 24

cervicis

Front 25

breast

Back 25

mamma

Front 26

thorax, pec

Back 26

thoracis

Front 27

connected to mom

Back 27

umbilus

Front 28

below pelvic rim part of abdomen

Back 28

pelvis

Front 29

armpit

Back 29

axilla

Front 30

wrist

Back 30

carpis

Front 31

hand

Back 31

mannus

Front 32

upper arm

Back 32

brachium

Front 33

forearm to wrist

Back 33

antebrachium

Front 34

anterior elbow

Back 34

antecubitis

Front 35

thumb

Back 35

pollex

Front 36

palma

Back 36

ventral of mannus

Front 37

anatomical landmark of fingers

Back 37

digits

Front 38

below pelvic rim part of abdomen

Back 38

pelvis

Front 39

where abdomen and pelvic region meet

Back 39

inguen

Front 40

bones of pelvis meet here

Back 40

pubis

Front 41

thigh

Back 41

femur

Front 42

kneecap

Back 42

patella

Front 43

leg (knee to ankle)

Back 43

crus

Front 44

ankle

Back 44

tarsus

Front 45

big toe

Back 45

hallux

Front 46

anatomical toes

Back 46

digits

Front 47

hindfoot

Back 47

pes

Front 48

back

Back 48

dorsum

Front 49

acromion

Back 49

shoulder

Front 50

elbow

Back 50

olecranon

Front 51

lower back

Back 51

lumbus

Front 52

bum

Back 52

gluteus

Front 53

blood vessels back of femur

Back 53

popletus

Front 54

calf

Back 54

sura

Front 55

heel

Back 55

calcaneous

Front 56

bottom of foot

Back 56

planta

Front 57

4 body cavities are:

Back 57

1) cranial
2) spinal
3) thoracic
4) abdominal

Front 58

thoracic cavity is divided into:

Back 58

1) pericardial
2) pleural (left)
3) pleural (right)

Front 59

four abdominal quadrants

Back 59

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Front 60

right lobe liver, gallbladder, right kidney, stomach, small and large intestine

Back 60

RUQ

Front 61

left lobe liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, small and large intestine

Back 61

LUQ

Front 62

cecum, appendix, small and large intestine, reproductive organs, right ureter

Back 62

RLQ

Front 63

majority of small intestine, large intestine, reproductive organs, left ureter

Back 63

LLQ

Front 64

lift toes up off floor

Back 64

dorsiflexion

Front 65

lift foot off, point toes into floor

Back 65

planterflexion

Front 66

move arms away from body laterally

Back 66

abduction

Front 67

limbs move towards body,

Back 67

adduction

Front 68

mannus is ______ in default anatomical position

Back 68

supinated

Front 69

contraction of __________ leads to lung expansion, decreased pressure and air enters lung

Back 69

diaphragm

Front 70

decrease angle of joint via

Back 70

flexion

Front 71

cells interact to form _________, different _____ form _________ and _____________

Back 71

tissues, tissues, organs, organ systems

Front 72

Four basic tissue types

Back 72

1) Epithelia
2) Connective tissue
3) Muscle
4) Nerve

Front 73

barriers, covers exposed body surfaces, lines hollow organs, body cavities and ducts of glands, forms

Back 73

epithelial tissue

Front 74

epithelia forms tubes to carry secretions

Back 74

ducts

Front 75

tissue type contains no blood vessels

Back 75

epithelial

Front 76

links tissue and organs, provides structures and metabolic support, stores energy (contains all fat cells), forms the immune system

Back 76

connective tissue

Front 77

contains blood vessels

Back 77

connective tissue

Front 78

specialized for contraction, generates force to produce motion of body parts, move substances through blood vessels and hollow organs, maintains body temp, long cells

Back 78

muscle tissue

Front 79

receives, processes and integrates signals from within the body and from external environment, generates and transmits impulse that control and integrate the various functions of the body

Back 79

nervous

Front 80

continuous, avascular, rest on basal membrane, little ECM, secretes connective tissue

Back 80

epithelia tissue

Front 81

epithelia named according to _____ and ______

Back 81

number of cells, shape of outermost cell layer

Front 82

single layer of flat cells, lines body cavities, lines heart and blood vessels, lines site of gas exchange in the lungs

Back 82

single squamous epithelium

Front 83

layered cells, outermost layer squamous, forms outer layer of skin, lines mouth, esophagus, vagina, keratin to withstand shearing force

Back 83

stratified squamous epithelium

Front 84

single layer of cells, cell height = cell width, found in glands and forms ducts of glands, forms portions of kidney

Back 84

simple cuboidal epithelium

Front 85

single layer of cells, cells taller than they are wide, lines digestive tract, fallopian tubes, and gallbladder

Back 85

simple columnar epithelium

Front 86

two to three layers of cells, outermost layer of cells of equal height and width, lines large ducts

Back 86

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Front 87

multiple layers of cells, height of outer layer of cells greater than width, found only in large ducts

Back 87

statified columnar epithelium

Front 88

nucleir appear at multiple levels, all cells touch basal lamina, but may not reach luminal surface, found in respiratory system, and male reproductive tract

Back 88

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Front 89

morph shape, multiple layer of cells, outermost cells large and dome-shaped, found only in urinary tract for stretching

Back 89

transitional epithelium

Front 90

composed of epithelial cells, form by growth of epithelial cells into underlying connective tissue

Back 90

glands

Front 91

release secretions through ducts onto epithelial surfaces

Back 91

exocrine glands

Front 92

lack ducts and secrete hormones into blood

Back 92

endocrine glands

Front 93

three mechanisms of glandular secretion

Back 93

1) merocrine
2) apocrine
3) holocrine

Front 94

secretion by normal exocytosis (protein trafficking and transport)

Back 94

merocrine

Front 95

apical surface pinched off (mammary glands)

Back 95

apocrine

Front 96

entire cell released

Back 96

holocrine

Front 97

dense, irregular connective tissue ring that deepens the glenoid cavity, attachment site for glenohumeral ligaments and biceps brachium

Back 97

glenoid labrum

Front 98

reduce friction where large muscles and tendons pass across the joint capsule, small fluid-filled pockets in connective tissue

Back 98

bursae

Front 99

deepens tibial articular surface, present on medial and lateral condylar surfaces

Back 99

meniscus

Front 100

movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane

Back 100

abduction

Front 101

movement toward the longitudinal axis of the body

Back 101

adduction

Front 102

movement in the anterior-posterior plane that reduces the angle between the articulating elements

Back 102

flexion

Front 103

movement in the anterior posterior plane the increases the angle between articulating elements

Back 103

extension

Front 104

twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole outward

Back 104

eversion

Front 105

turning sole inward

Back 105

inversion

Front 106

ankle flexion, elevates distal portion of the foot and toes, digging in the heels

Back 106

dorsiflexion

Front 107

ankle extension, elevates the heel the proximal portion of the foot, standing on tiptoe

Back 107

plantar flexion

Front 108

moving a part of the body anteriorly to the horizontal plane

Back 108

protraction

Front 109

moving body part posteriorly in the horizontal plane

Back 109

retraction

Front 110

special movement of the thumb to produce pad to pad contact of the thumb with the palm or other finger

Back 110

opposition

Front 111

up or down in a superior/inferior direction

Back 111

elevation or depression