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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What are the movements of the humerus?
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1. Abduction - supraspinatus, lateral deltoid
2. Adduction - pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi 3. Flexion - anterior deltoid, upper pectoralis major 4. Extension - lower pectoralis major, posterior deltoid, teres major, latissimus dorsi |
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2. What are the movements of the humerus?
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5. Internal rotation - anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi, subscapularis
6. External rotation - posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor |
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3. What are the movements of the scapula?
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1. Retraction - horizontal trapezius
2. Protraction - serratus anterior 3. Elevation - descending trapezius 4. Depression - ascending trapezius 5. Upward rotation - trapezius, serratus anterior |
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4. What does a fracture at the surgical neck of the humerus effect?
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1. Axillary nerve
2. Posterior humeral circumflex artery |
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5. What does a fracture at the midshaft of the humerus effect?
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Radial nerve damage but after it innervates the triceps brachii
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6. What does a fracture at the supracondylar of the humerus effect?
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Can damage the median nerve
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7. What are the major weight bearing bones of the elbow joint?
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Humerus
Ulna |
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8. What are the pulse points on the upper limb?
Four.... |
1. Subclavian artery
2. Brachial artery (at midarm and compress against humerus) 3. Radial artery (at wrist between tendons of brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis) 4. Ulnar artery (at wrist between tendons of flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorium superficialis) |
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9. How do the radial nerve and the deep brachial artery travel?
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Together between the lateral and medial heads of triceps
Radial branches come off high in the arm so a mid-humeral fracture will spare the triceps |
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10. Where is the brachial pulse?
Where can the median and ulnar nerve be felt? |
In medial intermuscular septum of upper arm
Anterior of medial intermuscular septum and posterior to medial epicondyle of humerus |
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11. What are the carpal bones?
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Scaphoid
Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate |
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12. What are the weight bearing bones at the wrist and get fractured the most often?
What bone tends to get dislocated in wrist trauma? |
Scaphoid and lunate
Lunate |
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13. What is the flexor retinaculum?
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Thick layer of CT suspended between hook of hamate (and pisiform) and scaphoid and trapezium
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14. What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
Tendons of.... |
1. Flexor digitorium superficialis
2. Flexor digitorium profundus 3. Flexor pollicis longus 4. Median nerve |
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15. What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Any trauma to the bones or tendons can impinge on the median nerve
Motor functions supplied by the median nerve will be affected Sensory functions to the digits are affected but not sensation on the palm **this is supplied by a branch of the median nerve which does not transverse the tunnel |
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16. What connects the extensor retinaculum to the radius and ulna?
What enwraps the tendons? |
Fibrous septa connects
Friction-reducing synovial tendon sheath |
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17. Where does the anatomical snuff box appear?
What are the walls? |
Lateral side of the wrist by fully extending the thumb
1. Proximal - radial styloid 2. Distal - base of 1st metacarpal 3. Dorsal - extensor pollicis longus tendon 4. Palmer - abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendon |
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18. What are in the floors of the anatomical snuff box?
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Trapezium and scaphoid are in the floor along with the radial artery
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19. What are the origin, insertion, function, innervation of the interosseous muscles?
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O: dorsal and palmar sides of metacarpals
I: base and extensor hood of respective phalanges IN: Ulnar nerve |
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20. What are the function of it?
How does you test it? |
Dorsal - Abduction of the MP joint (DAB)
Palmar - Adduction of the MP joint (PAD) Both - simultaneous MP flexion and IP extension MP abduction-adduction is an important ulnar nerve test since interossei are the last muscles innervated by it |
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21. What tenses the palmar aponeurosis?
What is a surface landmark for the superficial palmer arch? What forms it? What does it give off? |
Transverse line along the distal border of a fully extended thumb
Superficial branch of the ulnar artery (meets with a branch of the radial artery) Palmar digital branches |
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22. What does the median nerve innervate?
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Motor
-thenar compartment gets recurrent motor branch -radial lumbricals Cutaneous -palmer aspect of radial 3.5 digits -dorsal distal phalanx of radial 3.5 digits -radial 2/3 of the palm |
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23. What does the ulnar nerve innervate?
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Superficial branch
-palmar surface of the ulnar 1.5 digits -ulnar 1/3 of the skin of the palm Deep branch -hypothenar compartment -ulnar lumbricals -interosseus muscles -adductor pollicis |
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24. What is the O, I, IN, and F of the four lumbrical muscles?
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O: flexor digitorium profundus tendons
I: dorsally into the extensor hood IN: radial two get median and ulnar two get ular nerve F: simultaneous MP flexion and IP extension |
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25. What forms the deep palmar arch?
What does it supply? |
Deep branch of the ulnar artery which meets with branch of the radial artery
Deep palmer structures |
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26. Where is the thenar compartment?
What innervates it? What does abductor pollicis brevis do? Flexor pollicis brevis? Opponens pollicis? |
Thumb-side muscular compartment
Median nerve Thumb abduction in 90 degrees from finger abduction Thumb flexion is 90 degrees from finger flexion Allows thumb to touch the little finger by internally rotating the metacarpal around the long axis |
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27. What innervates the hypothenar compartment (analogous to thenar)?
What is the O, I, IN, and F of the adductor-interosseous compartment? |
Ulnar nerve
O: carpal bones and 3rd metacarpal I: proximal phalanx of thumb F: adduction of ulnar IN: ulnar nerve |
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28. How does you test the ulnar nerve?
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Hold a piece of paper between the ulnar border of the thumb and the palm
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