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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 5 layers of the scalp
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1. skin
2. connective tissue 3. aponeurosis 4. loose connective tissue 5. cranial periosteum/ pericranium |
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what are the two muscles of the scalp
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frontalis andoocipitalis connected by the aponeurosis
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what are the reasons for profuse bleeding in the scalp?
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1. there are many anastomoses in the scalp
2. connective tissue has alot of blood vessels which prevents contraction |
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what are the three partitions of the meningeal dura?
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falx cerebri
falx cerebelli tentorium cerebelli |
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is the epidural space in the spine real or potential? if yes what are its contents?
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real
fat and veins |
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is the subarachnoid space realy or potential?
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potential
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what artery does a lateral fx on the pterion bone affect?
what kind of hematoma does it lead to? |
middle meningeal artery
epidural hematoma |
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what parts of the brain will an epidural hematoma compress due to a fx of the pterion bone?
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cerebral hemispheres, medial part of the temporal lobe and brainstem (due to herniation)
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what are the symptoms associated with a pterion fx?
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after a lucid asymptomatic interval there is
1. weakness of limbs 2. dilated pupil due to the compression of CNIII 3. deterioration of the cardiovascular and respiatory functions. |
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what are the foramina called on the fourth ventricle that releases CSF to the subarachnoid space?
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luschka and magendie
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what is the function of the arachnoid granulations?
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takes the CSF from the subarachnoid space to the venous sinuses (superior sagittal sinus)
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where is the CSF produced?
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in the choroid plexus of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles
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what sinuses drain to the confluence?
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superior sagittal, straight and occipital sinuses
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where does the blood from the confluence drain to?
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transverse sinus (which then carries blood to the sigmoid sinus)
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which sinuses drain to the internal jugular v?
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inferior petrosal and the sigmoid sinus
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where does the cavernous sinus drains to?
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superior and inferior petrosal sinuses
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where does the vertebral aa originate?
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subclavian artery
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what is the pathway of the vertebral aa to the skull?
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from the subclavian aa it comes up the foramina transversarium of C1-C6, comes through the foramen magnum with the spinal cord
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what is the pathway of the internal carotid artery to the the skull?
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comes from the common carotid through the carotid canal which turns to the foramen lacerum
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what are the branches of the internal carotid aa?
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the anterior cerebral and the posterior communicating and the ophthalmic aa
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what are the branches of the vertebral aretery?
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the posterior inferior cerebellar aa and the anterior and posterior (2) spinal aa.
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what two structures goes through the optic canal?
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the optic nerve (CNII) and the ophthalmic aa
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what 5 structures goes through the superior orbital fissure?
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the Oculomotor N (CN III), Trochlear (IV), Abducens (VI), Ophthalmic of Trigeminal Nerve (V) and Superior Ophthalmic vein
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what two nerves goes through the internal acoustic meatus?
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facial (VII) and the vestibulocochlear n(VIII)
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what 4 structures goes through the jugular foramen?
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internal jugular v, glossopharyngeal (IX), Vagus (X) and accessory (XI)
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What nerve goes through the hypoglossal canal?
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hypoglossal n (XII)
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what nerve goes through the foramen magnum?
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accessory nerve (XI) spinal root
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