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51 Cards in this Set
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Active transport
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Movement of solute particles from area of lower concentration to area of higher concentration, this requires transporters.
Example: this process requires expenditure of cellular energy to move "up hill" against the gradient. |
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Cancer
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Cells that reproduce without control, causing mutations (changes). If they do not die naturally or get destroyed by the immune system, they will continue to spread (metastasize)to other tissues causing cancer.
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Chromosome
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They are the threadlike units of herdity passed on from parents to their offsprings. It is the information that is in the chromosome that governs all cellular activities.
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Cytology
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the study of cells
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cytoplasm
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Colloidal suspension that holds organelles. It is the site where most cellular activities are done. All the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the cytoplasm cell.
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cells playing and growing and having most of their fun. Its in the cyo - Cell Plasm - playroom.
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diffusion
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molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration until equilbrium is reached.
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DNA
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carries the genetic message, located almost entirely in the nucleus, composed of nucleotides adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, doubled stranded by pairing, A-T, G-C, wound into helix.
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endocytosis
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describes the bulk movement of materials into the cell. The process whereby cells absorb materials (molecule such as proteins) from the outside by engulfing it with their cell membrane.
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end of the endocyosis, they like to eat up the protein by grabbing it by their hands and engulfing them in.
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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
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Genes, a distinct segment of complex organic chemical that make up chomosomes.
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apoptosis
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cell dealth
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Physiology
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study of how the body functons
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physio - physical
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pathology
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study of disease
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path/o - disease / logy - study of
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Levels of orginzation in the body, in order from simplest to most complex
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cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
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the system that transport blood to and from the cell is the:
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circulatory system
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the blood is circulating around to get the blood to the cellsq
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the system comprised of the bones and joints is the
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skeletal system
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skeleton is all bones and joints.
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Metablolism
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a term for all the reactions that sustain life
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a constant movement of all the body systems working together to sustain life.
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Anabolic reaction
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a reaction in which simple compounds are assembled into more complex compounds
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Catabolic reaction
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the breakdown of complex gycogen molecules into simple glucose molecules
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Lateral
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farther fro the midline of the body
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if you are late you will not come close to the midline of my body.
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Cranial
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nearer to the head
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a crane that rises to bring things up to the highest position.
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Inguinal region
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is also known as the iliac region of the abdomen
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iliac and inguinal both start with I and mean the same thing
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The nuber of milliliter (ML) in a liter is
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1000
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The basic unit of weight in the metric system is:
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Gram
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the street name for buying all the street drugs go by grams.
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The volume is the US measurements that is closet to a liter is the
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quart
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The metric prefix that means 1000 is:
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Kilo
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Kilo is the only one that does not have a 1/ in front of it, it only means 1000
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Homeo is best described as:
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same
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Your home will always feel the same, no matter where you travel home is always the same.
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\Tissue
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a specialized group of cells
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cells come before tissue, so it takes cells to make tissues
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The system that takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide is the:
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Respitory system
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respitory is resting and then releasing. Taking in and letting out.
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Intergumentary system
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the skin and associated stuctures as in teh hair and nails, and the sweat and oil glands
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Intergumentary in the longest name in all the system, and the skin the biggest system in all the system.
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The term Metabolism
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refers to all the catabolic and anabolic reactions that go on within the body.
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all the breaking down and than building up is what metabolism is all about.
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Blood and lymph are examples of the
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Extercellular fluid
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blood and lymph are on the outside of the cells.
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Distal
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farther away from the origin of a structure
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Means away from the body, away from the structure which is the body, your elbow is distal to your shoulder.
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Sattigal Plane
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a plane that divides the body into left and right parts
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The Frontal plane
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is also known as the coranol plane
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The Ventral Cavity
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Is divided into the thoracis cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity, which is divided by the diaphram. And 2 subunits in the abdomialpelvic cavity, the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity.
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is the biggest cavity in the body compared to the dorsal cavity. The name is longer and holds allot more things. Also the Ventral is the front side of the body which holds allot more things than the back side of the body.
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What is the meaning of Pathophysiology:
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the study of the physical nature of disease
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path/o - means disease, physi/o - means nature or phyical, logy - means study of. Putting al the words together you would come up with the study of physical nature of disease.
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The element that is combined with oxygen in water is
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Hydrogen
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both chemical elements that when formed together make the substance water, it takes 2 hydrogen and one oxygen to make water, hence the term (H2O) meaning water.
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Atomic number
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is based on the number of protons found in the necleus of an atom. The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element. In an atom of neutral charge, the number of electrons also equals the atomic number.
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is the first number seen at the top of a notation, a notation consists of the #1 atomic # and than the name of the element, the symbol of the element and the atomic weight of the element. So the atomic # is the number of protons inside the atom.
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molecule
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a unit formed by two of more atoms
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held together by strong chemial bonds. 2 atoms about to be married, makes a molecule.
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suspension
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a mixture in which the components seperate unless shaken.
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sand in water. if you were to put sand in water the sand will settle to the end of the glass and unless it is shaken it will remain that way, that is why suspensions need to shaken before use.
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Solvent
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a substance in which another substance is dissoloved. A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute resulting in a solution.
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The universal solvent
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Water
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water dissoves just about anything that you put in it. It can be frozen, boiled, or just pain heated up and used as water. It will dissovle most anything that is put in it.
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Ion
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Changed atom or group of atoms.
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I have my eye on (ion) if you try to change.
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Covalent Bond
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A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between elments.
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Anion
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negatively charged ion
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A = a, N = Negative, ion
anion. |
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Filteration
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is the passage of water containing dissolved materials through a membrane as a result of mechanical force on one side.
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covalent bond
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a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between elements
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lyosome
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Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes (acid hydrolases). They digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. The membrane surrounding a lysosome prevents the digestive enzymes inside from destroying the cell. Lysosomes fuse with vacuoles and dispense their enzymes into the vacuoles, digesting their contents. They are built in the Golgi apparatus. The name lysosome derives from the Greek words lysis, which means dissolution or destruction, and soma, which means body. They are frequently nicknamed "suicide-bags" or "suicide-sacs" by cell biologists due to their role in autolysis. Lysosomes were discovered by the Belgian cytologist Christian de Duve in 1949.
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lysis - means dissolution, and soma - means body
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Golgi Apparatus
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Cells synthesise a large number of different macromolecules required for life. The Golgi apparatus is integral in modifying, sorting, and packaging these substances for cell secretion (exocytosis) or for use within the cell. It primarily modifies proteins delivered from the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but is also involved in the transport of lipids around the cell, and the creation of lysosomes. In this respect it can be thought of as similar to a post office; it packages and labels "items" and then sends them to different parts of the cell.
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similar to a post office; it packages and labels "items" and then sends them to different parts of the cell.
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cell membrane
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The cell membrane surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell and, in animal cells, physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment, thereby serving a function similar to that of skin. In fungi, bacteria, and plants an additional cell wall forms the outermost boundary, however, the cell wall plays mostly a mechanical support role rather than a role as a selective boundary. The cell membrane also plays a role in anchoring the cytoskeleton to provide shape to the cell, and in attaching to the extracellular matrix to help group cells together in the formation of tissues.
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Carbon
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The element that is the basis of organic chemistry.
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