Anatomy

Front 1

cell (plasma) membrane

Back 1

structure: membrane composed of a double layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded. functions: gives form to cell and controls passage of materials in and out of cell

Front 2

cytoplasm

Back 2

structure: fluid, jellylike substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus in which organelles are suspended. functions: serves as matrix substance in which chemicals reactions occur

Front 3

endoplasmic reticulum

Back 3

structure: system of interconnected membrane-forming canals and tubules function: provides supporting framework within cytoplasm; transports materials and provides attachment for ribosomes.

Front 4

ribosomes

Back 4

structure: granular particles composed of protein and RNA function: synthesize proteins

Front 5

golgi complex

Back 5

structure:cluster of flattened membranous sacs function:synthesizes carbohydrates and package molecules and break down hydrogen peroxide

Front 6

centrosome

Back 6

structure:nonmembranous mass of two rodlike centrioles function: helps organize spindle fibers and distribute chromosomes during mitosis of a cell cycle

Front 7

vacuoles

Back 7

structure:membranous sac function: store and release various substances within the cytoplasm

Front 8

fibrils and microtubules

Back 8

structure: thin, hollow tubes function: support cytoplasm and transport materials within the cytoplasm

Front 9

cilia and flagella

Back 9

structure: minute cytoplasmic projections that extend from the cell surface function: move particles along cell surface or move the cell

Front 10

nuclear membrane (envelope)

Back 10

structure: double-walled membrane composed of protein and lipid molecules that surrounds the nucleus function: supports nucleus and controls passage of materials between nucleus and cytoplasm

Front 11

nucleolus

Back 11

structure: dense nonmembranous mass composed of protein and RNA molecules function: forms ribosomes

Front 12

chromatin

Back 12

structure: fibrous strands composed of protein and DNA molecules function: contains genetic code that determines which proteins (especially enzymes) will be manufactured by the cell.

Front 13

mitochondria

Back 13

structure: double-walled membranous sacs with folded inner partitions function: release energy from food molecules and transform energy into unusable ATP

Front 14

lysosomes

Back 14

structure: single-walled membranous sacs function: digest foreign molecules and worn and damaged cells

Front 15

peroxisomes

Back 15

structure: spherical membranous vesicles function: contains enzymes that detoxify harmful molecules and break down hydrogen peroxide.