Anatomy 400 Muscles Of The Trunk

Front 1

What are the 4 anterior muscles of the trunk from superficial to deep?

Back 1

Rectus Abdominus, External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transverse Abdominus

Front 2

Of the 3 layers of muscle of the back what is the responsibility of the intermediate and deep layers?

Back 2

Active spinal movement and stabilization

Front 3

Of the 3 layers of muscle of the back what does the superficial layer do?

Back 3

Produce limb movement

Front 4

Rectus abdominis

Back 4

O: Crest of os pubis and symphysis pubis
I: Tip of sternum(xyphoid process) costal cartilage of the fifth, sixth, and seventh ribs
A: Trunk flexion and assist in lateral felxion
N: Branches of 6 or 7-12(thoracic) intercostal nerves

Front 5

External Oblique (superficial)

Back 5

O: outer surface of lower 8 ribs near their costal endings
I: Anterior half of outer lip of crest of ilium, inguinal ligament, linea alba
A: Trunk Flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation to the opposite side
N: Branches of 8-12 interocstsa and iliohypogastric and ilioiinguinal

Front 6

Internal Oblique

Back 6

O: Lateral half of inguinal ligament, Anterior half of middle lip of crest of ilium, Lumbar fascia
I: Costal cartilage of lower 3 ribs, remainder spread fan-like and terminates as an aponeurosis extending from the 10th costal cartilgae to the pubic bone, forming linea alba
A Trunk flextion, lateral flexion and rotation to the same side
N: Branches of 8-12 intercostal and iliohypogastic and ilioinguinal

Front 7

Transverse Abdominis

Back 7

O: Inner lip of iliac crest, lateral third of inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, cartilage of lower six ribs
I: Linea alba
A: Constricts abdomen, compresses contents, holds viscera within the pelvic circle
N:Branches of 7-12 intercostal and the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal

Front 8

Quadratus Lumborum

Back 8

O: Posterior part of the crest of the ilium and form the superior border to the transverse processes of lower 3 and 4 lumbar vertebrae
I: Last rib and the inferior border of the transverse processes of upper lumbar vertebrae
A: Elevates pelvis, laterally flexes trunk
N: T 12, L1

Front 9

Diaphram

Back 9

O: Sternal and costal cartilages, 6-7 lower ribs, arcuate ligament, lumbar vertebrae
I: Central tendon
N: phrenic C345

Front 10

External Intercostals-only go as far as the costal cartilages

Back 10

O: Lower border of upper eleven ribs
I: Upper border of last eleven ribs
A: Inspiration
N: Intercostal nerves T1-12

Front 11

Internal Intercostals

Back 11

O: Inner surface
I: Upper border of last eleven ribs
A: Inspiration (interchondral portion), forced expiration (interosseous portion)
N: Intercostal nerves T 1-12

Front 12

What are the three muscles of Normal Respiration

Back 12

Diaphram, External Intercostals, Internal Intercostals

Front 13

What are the 12 muscles of Deep Inspiration?

Back 13

Diaphram, Ext. Intercostals, interchondral portion of Int. Intercostals, sternocleidomastoid, Scalani, Serratus Posterior Superior, Levatores Costarum, Pectoralis Minor, Trapezius (upper fibers), Levator Scapulae, Thoracic Spine Extensors

Front 14

What are the 9 muscles of Forced Experation?

Back 14

Interosseous portion of th eInternal Intercostals, Rectus Abdominis, External and Internal Oblique Abdominis, Serratus Posterior Inferior, Transversus Thoracis, Transverse Abdominis, Quadratus Lumborum

Front 15

The back has 5 muscles that create its superficial layer. What are they?

Back 15

Gluteus Max, Latisssimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboids

Front 16

What muscles compose the Erector Spinae?

Back 16

Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis

Front 17

Which Erector spinae muscles has a lumborum region?

Back 17

Iliocostalis

Front 18

List the Erectore spinae muscles medial to lateral.

Back 18

Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis

Front 19

Spinalis

Back 19

O: Spinous processes of upper lumbar and thoracic vertebrae
I: Spinous processes of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae(-c1)

Front 20

Longissimus

Back 20

O: Broad aponeurosis in upper lumbar and lower thoracic, transverse processes of upper 5 thoracic vertebrae
I: Lower 9 ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, transverse processes of cervical vertebrae, mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 21

Iliocostalis

Back 21

O: Sacrospinal aponeurosis and iliac crest, posterior surface of ribs 1-12
I: Tranverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12 and ribs 1-6, transverse processes of lower cervical vertebrae

Front 22

What is the action of the erectore spinae?

Back 22

Extend the spinal column, unilaterally they laterally flex to their side

Front 23

Splenius Capitis

Back 23

O: Lower half of ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7 to T3 or 4
I:Under sternocleidomastoid to the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral 1/3 of the superior nuchal line of occicpital bone.
A: Lateral flexion of head to same side with slight rotation and together head extension
N: Lateral branches of dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Front 24

Splenius cervicis

Back 24

O: spines of T3-6
I: Posterior tubercles of the transverse process of C2,3
A: Lateral flexion of head to same side with slight rotation and together head extension
N: Lateral branches of dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Front 25

Semispinalis capitis

Back 25

O: Tips of transverse processes of C7-T6 or 7; articular processes of C 4-6; an dspine of C7 or T1
I: Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone
A: Together neck extension and independently lateral flexion to same side
N: Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves

Front 26

Semispinalis Cervicis-tendonous and fleshy fibers

Back 26

O: Transverse processes of T1-5 or 6
I: Spinous processes of C2-5
A: Together neck extension and independently lateral flexion to same side
N: Dorsal rami of cervical nerves

Front 27

Semispinalis thoracis- thin fleshy fasciculi

Back 27

O: Transverse processes of T6-T10
I: Spinous processes of C6-T4
A: Together neck extension and independently lateral flexion to same side
N: Dorsal rami of cervical nerves

Front 28

Multifudus
Fasciculi vary in length, most superficial pass up as many as 3-4 vertebrae, next layer 2-3, deepest passes 1 vertebrae

Back 28

O&I-Fill up the space on either side o the spinous processes and transverse processes from axis to sacrum
A: Same action as multifidus
N: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Front 29

Rotatores

Back 29

A: Rotation to opposite side and extension

Front 30

Interspinales

Back 30

A: Extend Vertebrae

Front 31

Intertransversarii

Back 31

O&I- Small muscles placed between the transverse processes
A: Lateral flexion
N: Majority by dorsal rami the remainder by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves.

Front 32

Define the suboccipital muscles?

Back 32

The deepest muscles located at the base o the head

Front 33

What are the 4 suboccipital muscles?

Back 33

Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Oblique capitis superior
Oblique capitis inferior

Front 34

Rectus capitis posterior major

Back 34

O: spine of c2
I: Lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone
A: Extends the head and trns the face to the same side
N: Dorsal ramus of the first Cervical spinal nerve

Front 35

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Back 35

O: Posterior arch of C1
I: Medila part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone
A: Extends the head
N: Dorsal ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve

Front 36

Oblique capitits superior

Back 36

O: upper surface of transverse process of C1
I: Betwen the suprior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone
A: Extends the head
N: Dorsal ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve

Front 37

Oblique capitis inferior

Back 37

O: Spinous process of C2 and adjacent part o upper lamina
I: Lower and back part of the transverse process of C1
A: Extends the head and turns the head to the same side
N: Dorsal ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve

Front 38

What nerve supplies the Suboccipital Muscles:?

Back 38

Dorsal Ramus of C1 spinal nerve

Front 39

Of the suboccipital muscles which two turn the head?

Back 39

Oblique Capitis Inferior, Rectus Capitits posterior major

Front 40

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 40

O: Sternal head- top of manubrium, Clavicular head- medial 1/3 of clavicl
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral superior nuchal line
A: Unilaterally flexes head to the same side, rotates head to the opposite side, Bilaterally flexes the neck, assists in deep inspiration
N: Spinal Accessory

Front 41

Sterno hyoid

Back 41

O: posterior surface of medial end of clavicle, and upper posterior part o the manubrium
I: Inferior border fo body of hyoid
A: Depresses the hyoid bone and larynx
N:Cervical spinal nerves C1-C3

Front 42

Omohyoid

Back 42

O: Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
I:inferior border of hyoid bone
A: Depresses, retracts and steadies the hyoid bone
N: Cervical spinal nerves C1-C3

Front 43

Thyrohyoid

Back 43

O: Thyroid cartilage of larynx
I: Inferior border of greater carnu and body of hyoid bone
A: Elevates larynx, depresses hyoid bone
N: Cervical spinal nerves C1-C2 via hypogloassal nerve

Front 44

Sternothyroid

Back 44

O: Posterior surface of the manubrium and costal cartilage of the first rib
I: Thyroid cartilage of larynx
A: Depresses the hyoid bone and larunx
N: Cervical spinal nerves C1-C3

Front 45

Which of the major neck muscles is innervate by the Spinal Accessory?

Back 45

Sternocleidomastoid

Front 46

Longus Capitis

Back 46

O: Transverse processes of C3-6
I: Inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone
A: Flexes the head, unilaterally rotates to same side
N: Ventral rami of C1-3

Front 47

Longus Colli-3 parts: vertical, superior and inferior oblique

Back 47

O: Anterior surface of bodies of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae
I: Transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae
A: Flexes neck, oblique portions laterally flex, inferior oblique also rotates neck to opposite side
N:Ventral rami of C2-6

Front 48

Anterior Scalene

Back 48

O: Transverse processes of C3-6
I: Inner border of first rib
A: Laterally flexes neck
N: Ventral Rami of C4-6 spinal nerves

Front 49

Middle Scalene

Back 49

O: Transverse processes of axis to C7
I: upper surface of first rib,between the tubercle groove for the subclavian artery
A: Laterally flexes neck, if neck is stable it assists in elevating the first rib
N: Ventral rami of C3-8 spinal nerves

Front 50

Posterior Scalene

Back 50

O: Transverse process of C4-6
I: Outer surface of the second rib
A: Laterally flexes the neck, if neck is stabel it assists in elevating the second rib
N: Ventral rami of C6-8 spinal nerves