Anatomy

Front 1

Linea Alba

Back 1

line down middle of abdomen xiphoid to pubic synthesis

Front 2

Linea Alba

Back 2

1. anterior and posterior rectus fascia meet in the midline,
2. hardly any blood vessels
3. imaginary line at umbilicus
4. divides abdomen into 4 quadrants
5. upper abdomen protected by ribcage
6. posteriorly, the lumbar and sacral vertebrae protect abdomen
7. top of the pelvis is the iliac crest
8. anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is where the iliac crest comes to a point
9. beneath the xyphoid is a depression called the epigastric fossa

Front 3

Anterior Abdominal Wall

Back 3

1. fascia  made of collagen and elastin, tough, constricts compartment, keeps muscles in place
2. right underneath the skin is a thin fatty fascia called Camper’s fascia
3. beneath Camper’s fascia is a tougher fascia called Scarpa’s fascia

Front 4

Muscles

Back 4

1. External oblique muscle  fibers go down
2. Internal oblique muscle  beneath external, fibers go up
3. Rectus abdominis muscle  in the midline, on either side of the linea alba, where the anterior and posterior rectus sheath meet laterally
4. between linea Alba and linea semilunaris on either side of middle
5. 6th rib to pubic bone
6. linea semilunaris is on either side, 2 inches from the linea Alba
7. Transversalis abdominis  fibers run transverse
8. wrap around back, interdigitate with latissimus dorsi
9. beyond linea semilunaris:
a. external oblique muscle
b. internal oblique muscle
c. transversalis abdominis
10. vasculature for mid abdomen runs through rectus abdominis
11. anastomosis  one blood supply joins another
12. posterior rectus sheath ceases to exist halfway b/w umbilicus and pubic symphysis at the arcuate line
13. inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle

Front 5

Peritoneum

Back 5

a. inner most lining of anterior abdominal wall
b. lines abdominal cavity
c. goes over certain structures in the back
d. made up of mesothelial cells, very thin
e. peritonitis  infection of the peritoneum

Front 6

Vessels

Back 6

a. superior epigastric artery joins with the inferior epigastric artery
b. inferior epigastric artery is a branch of the external iliac artery
c. inferior epigastric vein drains into external iliac vein

d. they run behind the rectus abdominis muscle, anterior to the posterior rectus sheath
e. veins parallel arteries
f. many more veins than arteries
g. Median umbilical ligament  represent closes urachus (patent in embryo)
h. runs from the bladder to umbilicus
i. medial umbilical folds on either side